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1、精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -读书之法 , 在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思英语非谓语动词讲解及练习非谓语动词是指分词（包括现在分词和过去分词）、不定式、动名词等三种形式,即：doing , done , to do , doing.当然它们有各自不同的变化形式,如：现在分词doing :有 being done（被动式）; having done （完成式） ; having been do ne （完成被动式）不定式to do : 有 to be done （被动式） ; to have done （完成式） ; to be doing
2、（进行式）动名词doing : 有 having done（完成式） ; being done （被动式）;非谓语动词的特点： 三种非谓语动词都具有动词的特点, 虽然它们没有人称和数的变化, 但是它们都能带自己的状语或有时跟宾语. 它们都有各自的特点： 分词具有形容词和副词的特点.动名词具出名词的特点.不定式具出名词、形容词和副词的特点.详细来讲：分词在句子中可以做定语、表语、状语或补足语等.动名词在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语等.不定式在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语、补足语或状语.下面分别对三种非谓语动词进行讲解：一、动词不定式先看几个例句,判定不定式在句中的成分. 1 To learn a
3、 foreign language is difficult . 2 His wish is to be a driver .3 Tom wanted to have a cup of beer .4 The teacher told us to do morning exercises . 5 I have nothing to say .6 They went to see their aunt . 7 It s easy to see their aunt. 8 I don t know what to do next . 9 I heard them make a noise .说明：
4、 1动词不定式作主语, 2.动词不定式作表语,3.动词不定式作宾语,4动词不定式作宾语补足语, 5动词不定式作定语,6动词不定式作目的状语,7动词不定式作真正主语,it 代替动词不定式,作形式主语.8带有连接代词的动词不定式作宾语,9不带 to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语.把握动词不定式应留意的几个问题：1 “ to ”是不定式符号仍是介词,以下短语中的to 都是介词.agree to object to close to , come to , lead to , refer to ,equal to , familiarto , point to , thank to , devote to
5、 , next to , belong to , be used to , look forward to2 带 to 仍是不带toI have no choice but to give inI cannot do anything but give in I saw him enter the classroom .（ 但 是：He was seen to enter the classroom .）3 动词不定式规律主语是由for 作为标记的.但是有时用of . It s necessary for you to study hard .It s foolish of him to do
6、 it .与 of 连用的形容词有：good, kind , nice , wise ,clever , foolish , right , wrong , careful , careless , polite , possible可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -读书之法 , 在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思4后接不定式作宾语的动词有：want
7、 , hope , wish , like , begin , try , need , forget , agree , know , promise , teach , refuse , help , arrange , dare , decide , determine , fail , manage , offer , prepare , continue , ask , mean , choose , expectetc.需要宾语补足语的动词不能用动词不定式直接做介词的宾语,而要用it 做形式宾语.例如：通常不说 We think to obey the laws is import
8、ant .而说 We think it important to obey the laws . 5不定式的省略.以下短语中,假如意义明确,经常省略到to .want to , wish to ,hope to , like to , hate to , plan to , try to , love to , have to , o ught to , need to , used to , be able to6不定式作定语,应留意两种关系：1）动宾关系：He has a lot of meeting to attend . Please lend me something to writ
9、e with . He is looking for a room to liveHe is looking for a room to live in .He has no money and no place to live in .I think the best way to travel by is on foot .There is no time to think about . 2）主谓关系：She is always the last person to speak at the meeting .- I m going to the post office , for I
10、have a letter to post . 规律主语是I -Thank you. But I have no letters to be posted now规律主语不是I 7不定式作状语,可以有以下几种意义：1） 原 因He is lucky to get here on time .这种结构中常用的形容词有：happy , glad , delighted, pleased , sorry, eager , anxious. lucky, fortunate, proud , angry surprised , frightened , disappointed , ready , c
11、lever , foolish , worthy2) 目的He came to help me with my maths .3) 结果I hurried to get there only to find him out . The book is too hard for the boy to read . He is old enough to go to school .8 . 不定式作补足语I saw him play in the street just now .能跟不带to 的不定式作补足语的动词有：see , feel , hear , listen to , look at
12、 , watch , let , have make, observe, notice注: 当这些词为被动式时,不定式要带to , 如：He was seen to play in the street just now.二动名词Learning English is very difficult .学英语特别困难.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - -
13、 - -读书之法 , 在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思His job is driving a bus .他的工作是开车.I enjoy dancing .我喜爱跳舞.I have got used to living in the country .我已经习惯了住农村.Take some sleeping tablets , and you will soon fall asleep .吃点安眠药,你很快就会入睡.留意以下几种结构：1 There s no telling what will happen .=It imspossible to tell what will happen .= N
14、o one can tell what will happen . 2 It s no use talking with him .It s no goopdesaking to them like that . 3 There s some difficulty in doing在此句型中 ,difficulty可以由以下单词替换:trouble , problem , fun , pleasure , a good time , a hard time留意以下几个问题：1以下动词后跟不定式与跟动名词作宾语意义有区分,可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_forget to do遗
15、忘 要做某事可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_forget doing遗忘做了某事 remember to do记住要做某事 remember doing记着做了某事 mean to do有意要做某事 mean doing意味着做了某事可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_regret to do regret doing对要 做的事表示懊悔对 做过去的事懊悔可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_can t help to do 不能帮忙做某事可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_can t help doing情不自 禁做某事可编辑资料 - - -
16、 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_try to do尽力去做某事try doing试着做某事 learn to do学着去做某事 learn doing学会做某事stop to do停下来去做（另一件事）stop doing停止做某事go on to do接着做（另外一件事）go on doing连续做某事used to do过去做某事可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_be used to doing习惯 做某事可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_2动名词作定语与现在分词作定语意义有区分动名词作定语表达n+ for doing的含义现在分词作定语表达n+whichwho be
17、 doing的含义如： a sleeping car = a car for sleepinga running horse = a horse which is running可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -读书之法 , 在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思前者是动名词, 后者是现在分词又如：drinking water , walking sti
18、ck running water , sleeping boy3 动名词的规律主语：动名词的规律主语为代词或名词的全部格形式.例如： His coming made us very happy .4动名词的语态和时态5 动名词主动形式表被动的情形：need doing, want doing, require doing This room needs painting .这个房间需要粉刷.6只能跟动名词作宾语的动词：admit , avoid, advise , consider , delay , deny , enjoy ,escape , excuse , fancy , finish
19、, complete , forbid , imagine , mind , miss , permit . practise , require , suggest , risk , keep, take to ,look forward to , get down to , feel like , can t help , can t stand , be used to ,insist on , succeset about, give up , include ,三分词1 The story is interesting . Irested imn iitn.te这个故事有爱好,我对这
20、个故事感爱好.2 . This is a moving film .这是一部动人的电影.3. The secretary worked late into the night , preparing a long speech for the president .秘书工作到深夜,为主席预备一篇长篇演讲稿.4. Given more time , I ll do it well .假如给我多一点时间,我会做的更好.When he passed the back of the street , he saw the thief stealing some money from the bank
21、.当他后街时,看到小偷正从银行偷钱.应留意的几个问题： 1现在分词与过去分词的区分Do you know the woman talking to Tom .= Do you know the woman who is talking to Tom . The soldier wounded in the war has become a doctor.= The soldier who was wounded in the war has become a doctor. China is a developing country and America is a developed cou
22、ntry.2分词作表语The news sounds encouraging . They got very excited .1）现在分词与过去分词作表语的区分：The news is interesting .He is interested in the news .doing 作表语,主语与表语是主谓关系. done 作表语,主语与表语是动宾关系.2）表语与被动式的区分：The blackboard was broken by Xiao Ming .（强调动作）The blackboard is broken . You d better have （it r强ep调ai状red态.
23、） 3）常作表语的过去分词：amused , injured , covered , known , dressed , lost , broken , gone , delighted, excited , pleased , satisfied , married , worried , surprised , interested , burnt , shut , crowded , wounded , drank ,可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编
24、辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -读书之法 , 在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思done3现在分词、动名词现在进行时的区分The situation in our country is encouraging . 表语 The situation in our country is encouraging the people . 现在进行时 My job is looking after the little baby . 动名词 能 回 答how-question的 是 现 在 分 词 , 能 回 答what-q
25、uestion的 动 名 词 , 即 不 能 回 答how-question也不能回答what-question的是现在进行时.例如：How is the situation in our country . It is encouraging .What is your job .My job is looking after the little baby .4留意的四种结构：have something to do有某事要做have something done使某事被做have somebody do something 使某人做某事have something doing让某事始终做
26、着 5 需要跟反身代词作宾语的动词：seat , prepare , hide , dress如： I seated myself on the chair . I was seated on the chair .6分词做状语与不定式的区分：分词做状语表示时间、缘由、让步、条件、方式、相伴等.而不定式表示目的和结果.Having finished the homework , I went home .（ 时间） Being a Party member , I should work hard .（缘由） Given more time ,I can do my work better .
27、（ 条件） He ran out of the classroom ,shouting at the boy.（ 相伴）To get more knowledge , we must work harder and harder . 目的 He is old enough to join the army .（ 结果） 7分词、动名词和不定式作定语的区分a running horse 现在分词= a horse that is runninga fallen leaf过去分词= a leaf that has already fallen a walking stick动名词= a stick
28、 for walking something to do不定式= something that I should do8不定式被动式、分词的被动式和过去分词的区分：I have a problem to be discussed at the meeting . 将来 The building being built on the river is the Science Museum .（正在进行 可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载