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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 高中英语 -状语从句 一、概念：状语通常由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词和从句等担当；状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语；一般可分为九大类,状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特别的连接词；二、分类及使用1. 时间状语从句 1 when .when 引导的时间状语从句,其动词既可以是连续性动作的动词,也可以是瞬 间性动作的动词, 可以表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生,或从句的动作发生在主句的 动作之前； when you apply for a job, you must present your credentials.
2、 when 仍可表示 just then（正在那时）的意思,此时所引导的从句放在主句之后； we were about to start when it began to rain. 2 as 引导的时间状语从句 as侧重表示主句和从句的动作并相发生,翻译成一边,一边；We were having breakfast as she was combing her hair. 3 while “ 在 期间” ,所引导的从句的动作是连续性的,并表示和主句的动作同时发生； 4 before 引导 before“ 在 之前” I ll be back before you have left. It
3、may be many years before we meet again. before“ 之后才”5 as soon as/once/directly/the instant 等引导 as soon as 是最常见的表示“ 一 就” 的从属连词,其他连词仍有 immediately , instantly ,the instant that ,the minutethat ,the momentthat 等,它们通常都可与 as soon as换用； As soon as we got home, the telephone rang. I recognized her immediat
4、ely I saw her. 6 hardly.when/no sooner.than 引导 关联从属连词 hardly/barely/scarcely.when 和 no sooner.than 的意思是“ 刚 就” ,它们所引 导的从句中的谓语动词通常为过去完成时；如：He had no sooner no sooner had hearrived home than he was asked to start on another journey. 7 since 引导 在含有 since 引导的时间状语从句的复合句中,从句的谓语动词通常为一般过去时,主句的 谓语动词通常为现在完成时、过
5、去完成时和一般现在时：We ve never met since we graduated from the college. 高校毕业后我们就再没见过面；名师归纳总结 Practice makes perfect. 1 第 1 页,共 6 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 8 till/until引导 till 和 until 同义,作“ 直到 时为止 ” 解；Donald will remain in college untiltill he finishes his Ph.D course. 2. 地点状语从句1 where 引导“ 在（或到）
6、 的地方”Where there is a will, there is a way. 2 wherever 引导 wherever=no matter where, 后者只能放句首； Whereever no matter where they went, the experts were warmly welcomed. 3. 缘由状语从句1 because 引导通常用于回答why 引出的疑问句,从句一般位于主句后面；I didn t go abroad with her because I couldn t afford it. 2 as 引导从句多位于主句之前,通常可以和since 换
7、用； As I didn t know the way ,I asked a policeman. 3 since 引导 从句多位于主句之前,可以和 as换用；Since traveling by air is much faster,they decided to take a plane. 4 nowthat 引导的缘由状语从句 nowthat “ 既然” ,Nowthat you have passed your test you can drive on your own. 5 seeing that引导的缘由状语从句 Seeing that“ 鉴于；由于”,通常用于非正式文体；See
8、ing that the weather is bad,we ll stay at home. 4. 目的状语从句1 in order that 引导“ 为了；以便”；多用于正式文体,可以与so that 换用；They stopped at Hangzhou in order that they could go around West Lake. 2 so that 引导 “ 为了； 以便” ；so that 通常可以与in order that 换用,它所引导的目的状语从句总是放在主句之后,在非正式文体中,常省略 that；如：Speak clearly so that they may
9、 understand you. 3 in case/for fear that 等引导in case, for fearthat 这俩个从属连词都表示否定目的,意思是“ 以免”,“ 以防” ；in case 它所引导的从句中的谓语动词可以是陈述语气形式,也可以是虚拟语气形式；for fearthat 引导的从句中的谓语带有 may,might ,should 等情态动词Take your umbrella in case it rains. He took an umbrella with him for fear that it might rain. 名师归纳总结 Practice ma
10、kes perfect. 2 第 2 页,共 6 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 5. 结果状语从句1 so that 引导从句只能位于主句之后,so that 引导什么从句依据句意来判定Suddenly it began to rain heavily, so that it was almost impossible to carry on driving. 2 so.that 引导“ 如此 以致” , that 可以省略, so 后面接形容词或副词； She spoke so fast that nobody could catch what
11、 she was saying. 3 such.that 引导的结果状语从句引导结果状语从句的such.that 的详细内容是：such+a/an+形容词 +名词 +that 从句；such+a/an+形容词 +单数名词 +that=so+形容词 +a/an+单数名词 +that 从句；The professor told us such a funny story that all the students laughed =The professor told us so funny a story that all the students laughed. 6. 条件状语从句 1 if
12、 引导 译成“ 假如”If I were a bird ,I would fly. 2 unless 引导否定条件状语从句,在意义上相当于 You ll be late unless you hurry. 3 if only 引导意为“ 只要；假如”；if.not ,语气较强,一般不用虚拟语气；I ll let you use the car if only you keep it in good condition. 4 as/so long as 引导意为“ 只要；假如”；As long as it doesn t rain, we can play. 5 provided that/pr
13、oviding that引导 意为“ 假如；只要”；I will agree to go providing that my expense are paid. 7. 让步状语从句1 although/though 引导 都作“ 虽然；尽管” 解,通常可以换用, Although they have been talking for a long time, he cannot make her believe him. 2 even if/though 引导“ 即使,纵然”,从句表示的是尚未发生的动作或存在的情形；Even if I failed again, I will not give
14、 up the experiment. 4 while 引导 意为“ 虽然,尽管”,While I understand your point of view,I do not share it. 5 whatever/no matter what 引导 作“ 无论什么” 解,Whatever/No matter what he says ,don t go. 名师归纳总结 Practice makes perfect. 3 第 3 页,共 6 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 6 whichever/no matter which引导作“ 无论哪个
15、” 解 Whichever/No matter which you buy , there is a six-month guarantee. 7 whoever/no matter who 引导 作“ 无论谁” 解You can t come in, whoever you are. 8 however/no matter how 引导 作“ 无论如何 ” 解However high it may be , it can t reach the sky. 9 whenever/no matter when 引导 作“ 无论何时” 解,Whenever I m unhappy,he cheer
16、s me up. 10 as 引导 作“ 虽然；尽管” 和“ 即使” 解 ,此时要用倒装句Strong as you maybe, you cannot lift it. 8. 方式状语从句 Late as it was, they continued to study. 1 as 引导 意为“ 以 方式；犹如 那样” ,从句有时是省略句；Air is to man as water is to fish. 2 as if/as though 引导作“ 似乎,似乎” 解；从句往往用虚拟语气,表示与事实相反；They looked at me as if /as though I were ma
17、d. 9. 比较状语从句 1 as.as 引导 表示同级比较,主句中用形容词或副词的原级形式,从句经常为省略句；We were as fortunate as them they were 2 not so/as.as 引导表示同级比较,意为“ 不如 ” Thats not so/as simple as it sounds. 基础训练1. It is 3 years _ Mr. Wallace bought this watch and it will be 3 years _ he buys another one. 2. After the war, a new school build
18、ing was built _ there used to be a theatre. 3. Guo Jingming had to stand on the table _ _ he could be seen by his fans. 4. His plan was _ a good one that we all agreed to accept it. 5. You will succeed in the end _ you give up half way. 6. _ Tom comes from Canada, he knows Chinese manners very well.
19、 7. The teacher often joined student.s activities _ _ she were a student like us. 8. When in Rome, do _ the Romans do. 名师归纳总结 Practice makes perfect. 4 第 4 页,共 6 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 状语从句专项练习一、单项： 1. 14 .安徽卷 The meaning of the word “ nice” changed a few times _ it finally came to i
20、nclude the sense “ pleasant”A before Bafter Csince Dwhile 214.北京卷 _ the forest park is far away, a lot of tourists visit it every year. AAs BWhen CEven though DIn case 3. 14 .湖南卷 You will never gain success_you are fully devoted to your work. A. when B. because C. after D. unless 414.江苏卷 Lessons can
21、 be learned to face the future, _ history cannot be changed. Athough Bas Csince Dunless 5. 14 .江西卷 It was the middle of the night _ my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game. A. that B. as C. which D. when 6. 14 .陕西卷 The young couple, who returned my lost wallet, left _ I could ask
22、 for their names. A. while B. before C. after D. since 7. 14 .四川卷 Ill be out for some time. _ anything important happens, call me up immediately. A. In case B. As if C. Even though D. Now that 8. 14 .天津卷 _ you start eating in a healthier way, weight control will become much easier. A. Unless B. Alth
23、ough C. Before D. Once 914.浙江卷 Cathy had quit her job when her son was born _ she could stay home and raise her family. Anow that B as if Conly if Dso that 10. 14.重庆卷 Half an hour later, Lucy still couldnt get a taxi _ the bus had dropped her. 名师归纳总结 A. until B. when C. although D. where 5 第 5 页,共 6
24、 页Practice makes perfect. - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 11. 07 浙江卷 Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, _ they knew it to be valuable. A. as if B. now that C. even though D. so that 12. 15 浙江 _ a single word can change the meaning of a sentence, a single sentence can change the mean
25、ing of a paragraph. A. Just as B. Even though C. Until D. Unless 13. 15 安徽 _ he once felt like giving up, he now has the determination to push further and keep on going. A. Where B. As C. In case D. Now that 14. 08 全国卷 Have you got any idea for the summer vacation. I don t mind where we get _ there
26、s sun, sea and beach. A. as if B. as long as C. now that D. in order that 二、改错：1 In the last five years that they climbed churches, high buildings and television towers. 2 Charles said, “ As soon I see a really tall building, I want to climb it. 3 However, there are still some countries there people
27、 have shorter lives. 4 In other places you are limited to a certain number, of that some may be novels. 5And whether you pay the cost of sending a postcard, the librarian will write to you. 6 I also enjoyed the evenings when we spent together. 7 I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China. 8But
28、 it didn t matter that I would win or not. 9 I felt so nervous as I shook like a leaf. 10 For example, when he bought a chocolate cake, he put it in a secret place where I couldn tfind. 11 It was about noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain. 12 Besides, I have few friends, I dont know that they
29、 don like to talk with me. 13 I have a good friend who s name is Liu Mei. 14 It has been five years when we graduated, but those memories are as sweet as ever before. 15 Most people can quickly get help from a doctor or go to a hospital since they are ill. 名师归纳总结 Practice makes perfect. 6 第 6 页,共 6 页- - - - - - -