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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精品资料 欢迎下载现在完成时1 结构式：确定形式：have/has + done 否定形式：have/has + not +done 一般疑问句：have 或 has 放于句首；2 用法：A 表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,强调对现在造成的影想或结果）；The car has arrived. 车子来了；（结果：车子已在门口）Someone has broken the window. 有人把窗户打破了；（结果：窗户仍破着）Have you had lunch yet. -Yes,I have. Ive just had i
2、t. 你（已经）吃午饭了吗？我刚刚吃过； （现在我不饿了B 表示过去已经开头,连续到现在的动作或状态,可以和表示从过去某一时刻连续到现在（包括“ 现在”在内）的一段时间的状语连用 , 如 for+ 时间段、 since+ 过去的时间点、疑问词 how long 等； 例如：My uncle has worked at this factory for five years. 我叔叔在这个工厂工作已经五年了；Mr. Black has lived in China since 2002. 自从 20XX年 Mr. Black 始终住在中国；How long have you been here.
3、 你来这里多久了？留意：此种用法中表示连续动作或状态的动词必需是连续性动词 例如： 1 这本书我已经买了三个月了；错误： I have bought the book for three months. 正确： I have had the book for three months. 2 你哥哥参军多长时间了？错误： How long has your brother joined the army. 正确： How long has your brother been in the army/been a soldier. 3 标志词：recently so far alreadyin t
4、he past/last few years just ever, since,already（确定句）, before never, for,yet （否定,疑问句）, yet 常用于否定句和说明： already与 yet 都有“ 已经” 的意思,但常用于确定句,并用于句中；疑问句,并用于句末；例如：I have already finished my homework. I haven t finished my homework yet. Have you finished your homework yet.第 1 页,共 4 页They have left. 他们已经离开了, 也就
5、是说现在他们人不在这里 I have had my lunch. 我已经吃过午饭了, 也就是说我现在不饿 I can t find my watch now. I think I have already lost it.名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精品资料欢迎下载for ,since等表示一段时留意：表示短临时间动作的词,如:come,go,die ,marry ,buy 等的完成时不能与间的词连用 ；但可 用相应的连续性动词替换短暂性动词The old man died 4 years ago.- The old man has
6、 been dead for 4 years. I bought the book 5 days ago.- I have had the book for 5 days. 现归纳总结 : 由非连续性动词到连续性动词的转换 1.直接用连续性动词 buy have put on- wear get to know know catchget a cold have a cold receive have borrowkeep go to sleep sleep 2.转换成 be+名词 join the army be a soldier；go to school be a student bec
7、ome a tacherbe a teacher join-be a member of 3 转换成 be+形容词或副词diebe dead；: get married /marry be go out be out , stop be over marriedfinish be over；fall asleepbe asleep , finish be over beginbe on；get up_ be up； open be open leavebe away ；close be closed go to bed be in bed fall sleep be asleep return
8、 be back fall ill be ill. 4 转换成 be+介词短语go to school be in school ；come to/ go to/arrive atin+某地 be inat +某地；练一练：连续性动词和瞬时性动词之间的转化1.He died 10 years ago. He _ for 10 years / since 10 years ago. 2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. He _the book for 2 weeks. 3. He bought the motorbike a month ago. He _t
9、he motorbike for a month. 4. He arrived here three days ago.He _here since three days ago. 5. They turned off the light 2 hours ago. The light _for 2 hours. He _from here for 2 years. 6. He left here 2 years ago.7. The film began 30 minutes ago. The film _ for 30 minutes. 8. They opened the door an
10、hour ago. The door _ for an hour. 9. They closed the door an hour ago. The door _for an hour. 10. He joined the army last year. He _ a _ for a year. He _ the army for a year. 比较 ： It _ a year _ he joined the army. havehas been to. 表示“ 曾去过某地,已经从那里回来了” ,可以和 ever 、never 、twice 等连用；havehas gone to 表示“ 已
11、经去了某地,在去那里的途中或到达那里仍没有回来” ；havehas been in 表示“ 在某地呆多长时间” ,常与表示一段时间的状语连用,如：since, for, how long 等He went to Shanghai last week 上周他去了上海He has been to Shanghai. 他 曾经 到/ 去过上海 . 但他人现在确定不是在上海而是回来了 He has gone to Shanghai. 他已经去上海了 . 或许刚动身动身 , 或许已经到了 , 或许仍在路上 , 反正他人不在这里 名师归纳总结 第 2 页,共 4 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料
12、- - - - - - - - - 精品资料 欢迎下载Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days. 一、单项挑选；布朗先生来上海已经有三天了2、The famous writer _ one new book in the past two year . . is writing .was writing .wrote .has written 3、Have you met Mr. Li _ ？. Just . ago .before .a moment ago 4、How long have you _ here . About two mon
13、ths . . been . gone . come . arrived 5、Our country _ a lot so far . Yes. I hope it will be even _ . . has changed ; well . changed ; good . has changed ; better . changed; better 6、_ you _ your homework yet . Yes. I _ it a moment ago. .Did; do; finished .Have; done; finished .Have; done; have finish
14、ed . will; do; finish 7、We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . . know . had known . have known . knew 8、Harry Potter is a very nice film. I _ twice. . will see . have seen . saw .see 9、These farmers have been to the United States . Really. When _ there . . will they go .did they go . do they go
15、. have they gone 10、Zhou Lang _already _in this school for two years . . was ; studying . will ; study . has ; studied . are; studying 11、 His father _ the Party since 1998 . .joined . has joined . was in . has been in 12、Do you know him well . Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago . . were . have
16、been . have become . have made 13、He has _ been to Shanghai, has he . . already .never .ever . still 14、Hurry up. The play _ for ten minutes . . has begun . had begun . has been on . began 15、 It _ ten years since he left the army . . Is . has . will . was 16、 Miss Green isnt in the office. She_ to
17、the library. .has gone . went .will go . has been 17、My parents _ Shandong for ten years. . have been in . have been to. have gone to . have been 18、The students have cleaned the classroom, _. A. so they B. don t they C. have they D. haven t theyD. How far, arrived 第 3 页,共 4 页19、has Mr. White been a
18、 member of Greener China since he to China. A. How soon, comes B. How often, got C. How long, came 20、His uncle for more than 9 years. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 A. has come here 精品资料欢迎下载D. has left the university 第 4 页,共 4 页B. has started to work C. has lived there - - - - - - -