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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全初一英语期末复习Unit 1 Can you play the guitar . 1、can+动词原形,它不随主语和数而变化; 1 含有 can 的确定句:主语 +can+谓语动词的原形 +其他; 2 变一般疑问句时,把 can 提前: Can+主语 +动词原形 +其他?确定回答: Yes,主语 +can;否定回答: No,主语 +cant. 3含有 can 的否定句:主语+cant+ 动词的原形 +其他; Join 4含有 can 的特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+can+主语 +动词原形 +其他?2、may+动词的原形;(may为情态动词
2、)一般疑问句是把may提前,确定回答是: Yes,主语 +may;否定回答是:No,主语 +mustnt ;或 please dontjoin+ 某个组织,俱乐部,party ,参军,党派等“ 加入” Join sb. “ 参与到某人中” join in doingsth “ 加入做 .,参与某个活动”in=take part in +活动,竞赛3、说某种语言:speak+ 语言 4、play+ 球、棋、牌; play+ the+ 乐器 ;5、善于于(做)什么:be good at +名词 / 动 ing 6、帮忙某人做某事:help sb. to do sth. help sb. with
3、sth. 7、我能知道你名字吗?May I know your name. 8、想要做什么:want to do sth 例如: I want to learn about art. 9、What club do you want to join. I want to join the chess club and the basketball club. 10、What club does Tom want to join. He wants to join the swimming club . 11、He can t play the violin or the piano. Can y
4、ou help kids with swimming. 12、Why do you want to join the English club. Because I want to learn English well.Unit 2 What time do you go to school . ,询问日期、月份、1、what time和 when 引导的特殊疑问句; 1 对时间提问用what time,也可以用when;询问钟点时用what time年份时用 when; 2 询问做某事的时间时,两者可以互换; 3 其他询问时间的句子: Whats the time. =What time i
5、s it. 现在几点了?时刻表达法:顺读法和逆读法; 1 顺读法:“ 钟点 +分钟” 直接读数字; 2 逆读法:借助介词 past 或 to 表示,要先说分再说钟点; A. 当分钟不超过 30 分钟时(包括 30 分钟),即 30,用 to 表示;其结构为:“ 所差分钟(即 60所过分钟数) +to+ 下一个整点” ,to 译成“ 差” ,差几分钟到几点;名师归纳总结 C.当分钟为 30 分钟用 half表示,当分钟为15 分钟用 a quarter;第 1 页,共 16 页2、always 总是 usually 通常 often常常 sometime 有时3、Watch+TV、球赛“ 观看,
6、观看” ,特指长时间凝视; See+ 电影、医生“ 观察” ,强调看的结果; Look “ 看” ,强调看的动作,look 后接宾语时要用介词at ;- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全 Read+ 书刊、杂志“ 阅读”4、listen to +宾语 6、Take a shower “ 淋浴” 7 、Eat breakfast 吃早餐5、Go to + 地点名词如: go to school go+地点副词如: go home Unit 3 How do you get to school. 一、本单元学问点总结1.get to school
7、到校 2.take the subway 乘地铁3.take the train 坐火车4.leave for 到 地方去,离开去某地5.take to 把 带到 6. most students 大多数同学7. from to 从 到 8.think of 想到,想起9.ride bikes 骑自行车10.in other parts of the world 在世界的其他地方11. how far 多远 路程、距离 12.how long 多长(时间)13.take the train to school 乘火车去上学 14.in places 在一些地方15.go to school b
8、y boat 乘船去上学 17.be different from 和 不同16.on the school bus 乘坐校车 18.one 11-year old boy 一个十一岁大的男孩 二、重点学问详解1.take +a/an/the+表示交通工具的名词,乘 去某地,是动词短语,在句中作谓语;He takes the train. take the subway 乘地铁 take a walk 漫步 take a shower 洗个澡take a rest 休息一会 take a seat 坐下 take some medicine 吃药2.by+表示交通工具的单数名词或 on/in+
9、 a/an/the/one 表示交通工具的单数名词,是介词短语作方式状语;I get to school by bike. = I get to school on my bike. 3.walk/ride/drive/fly+to+ 地点名词,步行 /骑自行车 /开车 /坐飞机去某地表示乘交通工具方式可以互换表达相同的意义 : Take the bus to school=go to school by bus=go to school on a bus Drive a car to work=go to work by car=go to work in a car Fly to shan
10、ghai=go to shanghai by plane/air=take the/a plane to shanghai=go to shanghai on a/an/the plane. 4.get 表示“ 到达” ,后接名词需加to,接地点副词不加to. reach 给示到达,是及物动词,其后直接接宾语;arrive in+ 大地点 arrive at + 小地点 后接副词不需介词;5. It takes sb some money/time to do sth. 花费某人多少时间 /钱做某事Sb pay some money for sth 某人为某物花费多少钱Sb spend som
11、e time/money on sth 某人在做某事或某物上花费时间 /钱 Sb spend some time/ money indoing sth Sth cost sb some money 某物花费某人多少钱6. How far is it from A to B.=How far is B from A. 答语有两种:(1)It s meters/miles/kilometersaway有 米 /英里 /千米(远)(2)It s about ten minutes walk/ rid e. 大约有特别钟步行/骑车的路程;7have to 后加动词原形,侧重客观的需要,有“ 不得不,被
12、迫” 之意,有多种时态形式,否定名师归纳总结 式为 dont have toneedn意为“ 不必” ;,否定式第 2 页,共 16 页Must 侧重于说话者的主观看法,认为有必要或有义务做某事,只有现在时一种形式must t意为“ 肯定不要,不答应,禁止” 反意词为“needn ” ;- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全8.感谢用语: Thank you very much , Thanks a lot , Many thanks. 回答感谢用语的句子:Thats ok /all right. 不用谢;You are welcome 不客气;
13、It is my pleasure./My pleasure./It is a pleasure. 不客气、那是我的荣幸;/Don t mention it;别在意;It was nothing at all. 那没什么;三、语法归纳(一) how 引导的特殊疑问句1.how 引导的特殊疑问句提问交通方式,其答语分三种情形:a. take a/an/the+交通工具(单数)b. by+交通工具(单数)c. on/in+ 限定词 +交通工具2. how far 用来提问距离,多远,其答语分为两种:(1)用长度单位表示:It is five kilometers. (2)用时间表示:It s tw
14、enty minutes walk.3.how long 用来提问时间,意为多久回答常用“for+ 段时” ;-How long have you learnt English. -For 3 years. how soon 用来提问做完某事仍需要多长时间,常用于将来时态时,常用“in+ 时间段” 来回答; How soon will you arrive in Beijing. -In 3 hours. Unit 4 Don t eat in class 确定的祈使句:1 实义动词原形 +其他;2 be 动词原形 +形容词 +其他;3 Let sb do sth. 否定的祈使句:1 Don实
15、义动词 +原形;2 Dont be+ 形容词 +其他;t read3 Dont let sb do sth4 No+Ving. 练: 1 My mother said to me, “ Tom, _ in bed.”A. not read B. doesnt read C. don t read D. didn2 Dont _ fight. = No _ fight.2. 不要迟到: Dont arrive late. = Donbe late. arrive = be 上课 /上学不要迟到:Dont arrive be late for class/school. 3. 主语省略(无主语):
16、Dont arrive late for class. 主语不省略(有主语):We cant arrive ;ate for class. 4. 在学校我们必需穿校服:We have to wear uniforms at school. 句型:不得不 /必需做某事: have to do sth 否定:不必做某事:dont have to do sth m afraid you _.穿校服:单数:wear a uniform 复数: wear uniforms 练: 1 I can t st op smoking, doctor. For your health, IA. can B. ma
17、y C. must D. have to 5. 在我家里有太多的法规:I have too many rules in my house. 词组:太多 : too many 名师归纳总结 6. 我从来没有任何欢乐:I never have any fun. 第 3 页,共 16 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全never 译为 “从来没有 ” ,表示否定,否定句中表示7. 不要大声说话:Dont talk loudly. 请大声说: Speak loudly, please. 8. 他善于于唱歌:He is good at singing
18、. 句型:善于于做某事:be good at doing sth 9. 表示 “ 地点 ” 的词组:“ 任何,一些 ”,用 any 1 在教室里: in the classroom 在课堂上: in class 2 在走廊上: in the hallways 10. 表示 “ 时间 ”的词组:在学校里: at school = in school 1 下课后: after class 放学后: after school 2 在上学的白天 /晚上: on school days/nights 比较: at night 3 到晚上 10 点钟之前: by 10 o clock p.m.11. 1
19、with 和;如: He lives in Beijing with my parents. 不能用 and 2 with 戴着;如: Do you know the fat man with a hat. 不能用 wears 3 with 有着;如: It s an old house with a beautiful garden. 不能用 has Unit5 Why do you like pandas. 1. 让我们先去看考拉;- Let s see the koalas first. first 翻译为 “第一 ” 你为什么最喜爱考拉?- Why do you like koalas
20、 best. best 翻译为 “最 ” -由于它们很可爱;- Because they are very cute. 句型:让某人做某事:let sb do sth 2. 你为什么不喜爱老虎?- Why dont you like tigers. -由于它们有点吓人;- Because they are kind of scary. 在此处,表示 “ 不”,只要在 do 后加 not 即可; 有点 :kind of+ 形容词 = a little+ 形容词3. 你仍喜爱别的什么动物?What other animals do you like. 后有 animals, other 不加 s
21、你喜爱和别的年轻人工作吗?Do you like to work with other young people. This isnt my sweater. Its _ you.Are all these children _ you. 4. 他是一个 8 岁的男孩: He is an 8-year-old boy. 后出名词 boy, 用连字符, year 用原形 他 8 岁: He is 8 years old. 后无名词 boy, 不用连字符,岁数大于 1,year 变复数 5. 请保持寂静: Please be quiet. = Please keep quiet. keep 译为
22、“ 保持 ”, = be 6. 他每天通常睡和放松 20 个小时: He usually sleeps and relaxes 20 hours every day. 每天: every day 要分开 连在一起的 everyday 翻译为 “日常的 ”,是个形容词;7. 和某人玩: play with sb 倒翻 8. 在白天: during the day = in the day 在此处, during = in 9. 在晚上: at night = in the evening 在上学的晚上 /白天: on school nights/days 10. 吃草: eat grass 吃叶
23、子: eat leaves leaf 的复数形式 吃肉: eat meat 11. 相像单词比较:1 草: grass 不行数,无复数 2 玻璃: glass 复数: glasses 眼镜12. 汉语:由于 ,所以 英语: because , so 不能同时显现在一个句子中 汉语:虽然 ,但是 英语: though , but 只能使用其中一个 如: _ Tom is tired, _ he wants to have a food rest. 名师归纳总结 A. Because, so B. Though, but C. /, so D. /, but 第 4 页,共 16 页- - - -
24、 - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全13. 1 first num. 第一;如: Sunday is the first day of a week. 2 first adv. 第一;第一:at first 如: Let s see the koala s first. 14. 1 best adv. 最;如: Why do you like koalas best. 2 best adj. 最好的;如: Who do you think is the best teacher in your class. 15. 1 very adv. 特别(放在形容词前
25、);如: The koalas are very cute. 2 very much 特别(放在动词后);如: Thank you very much. 16. 1 kinds of n. 种类;如: There are many kinds of anmals in the zoo. What kind of noodles would you like. 2 kind of = a little adv. 有点;(无形式变化)如: He is kind of lazy. 3 kind adj. 和气的,友善的;如: It kind of you to help me with my Eng
26、lish. 17. 树叶: leaf 复数: leaves 变化规章:去 f 加 ves; 18. 小偷: thief 复数: thieves 变化规章:去 f 加 ves.Unit6 I m watching TV1. 现在进行时的结构:主语 +be+Ving. be 动词和动词 +ing 两者缺一不行 考题形式: 1 已知 be 动词,考后面的动词形式(要加 ing);2 已知后面的动词 +ing, 就前面用 be 动词;如: 1 The boy is _ run with his father. 2 Some children are _ lie on the grass. 3 My b
27、rother and I are _ play soccer. 4 His sister is _ read a book. 2. -你正在做什么?- What are you doing. -我正在看电视;- I m watching TV.3. 那听起来很棒:That sounds great/good. 4. 感谢你的信和照片:Thanks for your letter and the photos. 感谢某东西: Thanks for sth 句型:感谢做某事:Thanks for doing sth 5. 这是我的一些照片:Here are some of my photos. 一
28、些照片 ”是“ 复数 ” ,be 用 are 这是我的一张全家福照片:Here is a photo of my family. “一张照片 ” 是“单数 ”,be 用 is 6. 句型:忙于做某事:be busy doing sth 如: His brother is busy _ write stories in his room. 7. 表示 “活动 ” 的“动词词组 ” 做家庭作业: do ones homework 打扫房间: clean the room 吃晚饭: eat dinner 打电话: talk on the phone = make a telephone call 看
29、书 /看报 /看杂志: read books, read newspapers, read magazines 同学 上课: have an English class 老师 上课: give an English class 举办晚会: have an evening party 和某人说再见:say goodbye to sb 8. 在购物中心: at the mall 在游泳池: at the swimming pool 在学校: at school 在体育馆里:in the gym 9. 在第一张照片中:in the first photo 在其次张照片中:in the second
30、photo 在下一张照片中:in the next photo 在最终一张照片中:in the last photo 10. 等汽车: wait for the bus 在汽车站等 某人 :wait for sb at the bus stop 名师归纳总结 11. 我的兄弟和我:my brother and I 要把 “ 我”放在后面 第 5 页,共 16 页12. 身体 好,健康: well = fine 如: - How is your mother. - She is _. 13. 活动: activity 复数: activities 以辅音字母 +y 结尾的,去y 加 ies -
31、- - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全玩具: toy 复数: toys 以元音字母 +y 结尾的,直接加s 14. 1 也: also 用于 “确定句的句中 ”;2 也: too 用于 “确定句的句末,前加逗号”;3 也: either 用于 “否定句的句末,前加逗号”;15. 1 show n. 节目;如: TV show, sports show, game show, talk show 2 show v. 给 看;如: Can you show me your family photo. I ll show you the way. 3 sh
32、ow v. 表演;如: Can you show us Beijing Opear. 一般现在时 The Simple Present Tense 一般现在时表示现在的状态;表示常常性或习惯性的动作;表示主语具备的性格和才能等;例如:1、He is twelve. 他十二岁; 2、I go to school at seven every day. 3、They speak Japanese. 一般现在常常和表示时间频度的副词连用;如:never, hardly ever 等;1. I often read books in the evening. 2. Do they usually go
33、 to school by bike. 3. He doesn t like milk. He never drinks it. 4. Sometimes my mother gets back at five. 一般现在常常和以下时间表达法连用;如:often, usually, sometimes, always, in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, at noon, at night, every day, on Sundays, at seven 等;Do they have math in the morning. Sh
34、e sleeps nine hours every night. It takes me two hours to do my homework every day. They don t have classes on Sundays. 它有三种形式:一、谓语是 be 的一般现在时; 1、确定形式是:主语 +be+表语(形容词、名词充当表语);2、否定形式是:主语 +be+not+ 表语(形容词、名词充当表语);3、一般疑问句是:Be+主语 +表语(形容词、名词充当表语). 确定回答是: Yes, 主语 +be. 否定回答是: No, 主语 + be+not. 4、特殊疑问句是:特殊疑问词+
35、Be 开头的一般疑问句. 留意: be 要随着主语变;二、谓语是情态动词 can/may.+ 动词原形的一般现在时; 1、确定形式是:主语 +情态动词 can/may.+ 动词原形 +宾语;2、否定形式是:主语 +情态动词 can/may.+not+ 动词原形 +宾语;3、一般疑问句是:情态动词 can/may.+ 动词原形 +主语 +宾语;确定回答是: Yes, 主语 +情态动词 . 否定回答是: No, 主语 + 情态动词 +not. 4、特殊疑问句是:特殊疑问词+情态动词 can/may.开头的一般疑问句?留意:情态动词can/may.+动词原形;三、谓语动词是实义动词及物动词或不及物动
36、词的一般现在时;名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 16 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全 1、确定形式是:“ 主语+及物动词 +宾语” 或“ 主语+不及物动词” ;2、否定形式是:“ 主语 +dont/doesnt+ 及物动词 +宾语” 或“ 主语 +dont/doesnt+ 不及物动词” ;3、一般疑问句是:“Do/Does+主语 +及物动词原形 +宾语” 或“ Do/Does+主语 +不及物动词原形” ;确定回答是: Yes, 主语 +do/does. 否定回答是: No, 主语 + dont/doesnt. 4、特殊疑问句是:特殊疑问词
37、 +do/does 开头的一般疑问句?留意:依据主语确定用 do 仍是 does;动词第三人称单数的构成:(用于第三人称单数、可数名词的单数和不行数名词的一般现在时中)1、直接加 -s look looks read reads play plays stop stops 2. 在字母 s, x,ch,sh,o 后加 -esmiss misses fix fixes watch watches wash washes go goes do-does 3. 辅音字母加 y 结尾的动词变 y 为 i ,再加 -es carry carries study studies hurry hurries
38、 cry cries 4. 特殊的 have - has 现在进行时(1)构成形式: Be 动词 +动词的 ing 形式这里强调一点,两者缺少其中任何一种都不行以构成现在进行时;(2)现在进行时表示动作正在进行或事情正在发生;(3)有用的依据:一个句子中既有be 动词,又有动词,且动词加了ing 该句是现在进行时(4)句中往往有 now、look 、listen 等词;动词现在分词的变化见下表:词尾情形变化方式例词do 做doing 一般情形加ing play 玩playing go 去going jump 跳 jumping sing 唱singing ski 滑雪 skiing see观察
39、 -seeing 名师归纳总结 以不发音的e 结尾去 e 加 ing make 做 making take 拿到 taking 第 7 页,共 16 页以重读闭音节结尾的动like 喜爱 liking come 来coming write 写writing dance跳舞 dancing have 有having close 关closing 双 写 最 后 一 个 辅swim 游泳 swimming sit 坐sitting 词,中间只有一个元音字音字母再加 ing run 跑 running get 得到 getting 母,词尾只有一个辅音字put 放putting begin 开头 b
40、eginning 母jog 慢跑 jogging 同音词:too-two-to buy-by I-eye four-for there-their right-write sun-son no-know here-hear whos-whose - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全近义词:many-a lot of / lots of large-big desk-table photo-picture lamp-light like-love 反义词或对应词:old-new go-come big-small open-close black
41、-white here-there 完整形式: let s=let us 让我们 I d=I would cant=can not I m=I am词性变换: one序数词 first monkey(复数) monkeys skiing 原形 ski is(复数) are families (单数) family make(现在分词) making we are缩略形式 we re do第三人称单数 does have第三人称单数 has photo复数 photos good反义词 bad 做题目时肯定要记住:can+动词原形play the + 乐器类how many + 名词复数like+ 动词 ing would like +to+ 动词原形like+ 名词复数let 动词原形play+足球类现在进行时: beam,is,are+动词 ing 动词第三人称单数形式名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 16 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全Unit 7 It s raining1. n. adj. sun 阳光 sunny 晴朗的snow 雪 snowy 下雪的rain 雨 rainy 下雨的wind 风 windy 多风的cloud 云 cloudy 多云的fog 雾 foggy 多雾的