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1、名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Unit8 Is there a post office near here. 话题:在街道上纹路并为他人指路教学目标:1娴熟运用 there be 句型2学会用英语问路的表达方式,并能够给别人指路重点: 1 there be 句型2问路指路表达方式重点句型: -Are there any restaurants near here. 这儿邻近有餐馆吗?-Yes, there s one in front of the post office. 是的,邮局的前面有一个;-Where is the hotel.
2、 旅社在哪里?-It s behind the police station. 它在警察局的后面;重点短语: post office police station pay phone Bridge Street Center Street Long Street near here across from next to between andin front of excuse me far from go along turn right/left on the/one s right/left in my neighborhood look like in life be free 学问
3、点:1. there be 1 概念:There be 表示一种存在的“有 ”,There be 结构只是表示一种状态也就是一种存在的关系;后多与介词短语的地点状语连用即“某地有某物 ”;(概念我们知道之后,就来一块看一下它的句子结构)2 句子结构There be+主语 +地点介词短语 There is a book on the desk. There is a pen on the floor. 一般疑问句:当然这个介词短语也可以放在句首Be there+主语 +地点状语 /时间状语?回答用 Yes, there be./No, there be+not. 第 1 页 共 6 页细心整理归
4、纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 1 页,共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -3 用法在一般现在时中There be 结构 be 的挑选以be 后的第一个名词来确定,我们把它叫做 “ 就近法 ”原就; 也就是说, there be句型中这个 be 动词是有变化的,be 的挑选跟着 be 后的第一个名词来确定,如个这个名词是复数名词就用 are 反之就用 is . 假如是一般过去时,用 is 或是 are 的对应的过去式就可以了;例:There are
5、 some books and a pen on the floor. There is a pen and books on the floor. 这两个句子的中文意思是一样的,但在前面的句子中 be 后面的第一个名词是复数名词所以be 用复数形式 are , 而后面句子的第一个名词为不行数名词没有复数形式所以用单数形式is . (There are two cups of coffee on the table. There is a basket of apples on the table. 这两个句子中的前面一个句子中的coffee 尽管是不行数名词,但修饰限定它的量词为复数名词,这
6、时应以量词来打算be 的挑选,因此用are ; 而后面句子中的名词apples 尽管是复数名词,但修饰限定它的量词为单数名词所以there be 与 have 的区分be 用 is .)可讲可不讲虽然汉语中 there be 被翻译成为“ 有”;但是 There be 结构只是表示一种状态也就是一种存在的关系;而 have /has 就表示拥有即使一种所属关系也就是“某人用有某物 ” ;例:There is a book on the desk. 只是表示这本书在桌子上这一状态,而书不是属于桌子的,假如把书放到其它地方,这状态就不存在了;I have a book .就表示这本书是我的,不管这
7、本书在哪里它都是属于我的,这就说明我拥有了这本书,哪怕是别人借走了,它都仍是属于我的;这样举例说明让同学很清晰的明白到4. 常考点 对画线部分提问There be 和 have/ has 的区分;1对 There be 结构中的主语提问,这时我们不管主语是人仍是物,是复数仍是单数以及不可数名词,我们都用Whats + 介词短语提问就可以了;第 2 页 共 6 页细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 2 页,共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -例
8、如:There is a book on the desk.(对划线部分提问)Whats on the desk. There are two girls in the room. (对划线部分提问)Whats in the room. 2 对 There be 结构中主语的数或量提问,我们又必需留意主语是可数名词仍是不行数名词,假如是可数名词,我们这时就用 How many + 复数名词 + are there +其它 ?这一句型;例如 There is a apple in the box. 对划线部分提问 How many apples are there in the box. The
9、re are three books on the desk. 对划线部分提问 How many books are there on the desk. 这时我们不管名词是复数仍是单数,只要是对可数名词的数提问我们都用 How many + 复数名词 + are there +其它这一句型; 由于 many 后必需跟可数名词复数形式,所以我们在问句中始终用 are there +其它;假如是不行数名词的量提问时,我们就用 How much + 不行数名词 + is there + 其它 ?这一句型;例如 There is two cups of coffee on the table . 对
10、划线部分提问 How much coffee is there on the table. 由于 much 后必需跟不行数名词,所以我们在问句中始终用is there +其它;How many 但在这里最值得留意的是当名词前有量词修饰限定时,对量词的数提问我们就用+复数量词 + 名词 + are there +其它 ?这一句型;例如There is a basket of apples on the table. 对划线部分提问 on the table. How many baskets of apples are there There are two cups of coffee on
11、the table. 对划线部分提问 How many cups of coffee are there on the table. 从上面的两个例子中我们可以看到不管名词是可数仍是不行数,只要对修饰限定的量词的数提问,我们就用 由于量词是可数的;How many + 复数量词 + 名词 + are there + 其它 ?这一句型;3对 There be 结构 +地点介词短语提问时我们都用 Where +be there +主语?这一句型; 由于介词短语在句中作地点状语,所以我们用 Where 来代替地点状语 +一般疑问句的形式就可以了;例如 There is a book on the d
12、esk. 对划线部分提问 Where is there a book. There are three girls 第 3 页 共 6 页细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 3 页,共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -playing games on the playground. 对划线部分提问 Where are there three girls playing games. 现在我们共同来看一下,我们刚开头讲的那个小故事用英语应当怎么
13、将?2. 问路与指路1问路的表达方式:Where is the nearest hospital please. Excuse me. Can you tell me the way to the Summer Hotel. Excuse me. Can you tell me how to get to the Bank of China. Hello. Is there a park near here, please. Excuse me. How can I get to the nearest post office. 2指路的表达方式:Turn left/right at Go a
14、long/down this street. Turn right at the third crossing, and then walk straight. Take the second turning on the right/left. Its across from/near/next to the hospital. You can take the No. 3 bus and get off at 3. on Bridge Street 在大桥街上 Long Street 长街;Center 其中 Bridge Street 为专出名词, 首字母需大写; 类似的专出名词仍有St
15、reet 中心大街;in the street 在街上(英国英语)on the street 在街上(美国英语)4. next to&near next to 介词短语,表示贴近,紧靠仍Come and sit next to me. near 介词,表示在 的邻近,Suzhou is near Shanghai. 可作形容词, 表示的“ 近”是相对的,反义词是far 5. in front of&in the front of in front of 强调一个物体在另一个物体Mary is standing in front of the in the front of 外部的前面car.
16、强调一个物体在另一个物体Cathy is sitting in the front of 第 4 页 共 6 页细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 4 页,共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -的内部的前面 the car. 5. excuse me. 打搅了;在英语中,直接用 Can you tell me 或者 Is there ?是不礼貌的,应当先说 excuse me,意为“ 打搅一下”;仍可用于向对方提出恳求,询问情形等场合,向对方表
17、示歉意或礼貌;excuse me&sorry excuse me 为客套话,常用于向别人问路,插画,恳求许可,向对方询问情形等场合;Excuse me. May I ask you a question. sorry 常用于因犯了错误或不能满意对方的要求而向对方表示歉意的场合;I m sorry I can t come to your party. 6. How can I help you. 需要我的帮忙吗?这是一个常用的句子,也可以说成Can I help you./May I help you. 广泛用于商店,饭店,旅店,邮局,办事处等场所,作为对顾客的招呼语;7. It s not
18、too far from here. 它离这儿不太远;far from 意为“ 离 远”,相当于 far away from. 通常不与详细的数字连用,如显现详细的 数字,常用 away from ;My home is not far away from our school. 我家离学校不远;8. turn right/left at the+ 序数词 +crossing=Take the+序数词 +crossing on the right/left one s left/right 在某人的左边 /右边 Zhang Feng is sitting on my left. 张峰坐在我的左
19、边;9. neighborhood 街区,邻居 in the neighborhood 在邻近 相当于 near here in the neighborhood of 在 的邻近 We live in the neighborhood of the park. 我们住在公园邻近;10. spend take cost&pay spend 主语是人sb. spend on 某 人 花 时 间 /金I spent 5 dollars 钱做某事sth. on the book. sb. spend in doing sth. 第 5 页 共 6 页细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - -
20、 - - - - - - - - - 第 5 页,共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -take 常用 it 作形式主It takes sb. some 做某事花费某人It took his seven 语time to do sth. 多长时间days to make the big cake. cost 主语物sth. cost sb. some 某物花费某人多The book cost pay 主语是人money 少钱me 5 dollars. sb. pay some 某人为某物付款I pa
21、id 5 dollars for the book. money for sth. 11. watch watch sb. doing sth. 观看某人正在做某事强调所做的事正在进行中watch sb. do sth. 观看某人做某事所做的事为常常发生或已做过的事情类似用法的动词有:see sb. doing sth. see sb. do sth. hear sb. doing sth. hear sb. do sth. 12. look like 看起来像 What do/does+主语 +look like. 用来询问某人的外貌特点,意为“ 看上去怎么样?”-What does you
22、r brother look like. -He is short and thin. 13. To get there, I usually walk out and turn right on Bridge Road. to get there 为动词不定式短语,在句中作目的状语,放在句首起强调作用,也可放在句末;eg. To learn English well, he needs a dictionary. 要学好英语,他需要一本词典;第 6 页 共 6 页细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 6 页,共 6 页 - - - - - - - - -