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1、专题四语法填空2016年全国卷考情分析试卷体裁题材命题角度试题特点词汇派生词形转换词法句法2016年全国卷语法填空充分体现了“实词考查为主，虚词考查为辅”的命题原则。词汇派生考查的是形容词变副词和动词变名词。词形转换考查的是名词的单数变复数；全国乙卷中还考查了人称代词主格变为所有格。词法部分动词是考查的重点，考查了时态、语态和主谓一致。句法部分考查了并列连词和从句引导词。全国甲卷说明文大熊猫基地2251全国乙卷说明文如何释放压力2251全国丙卷说明文筷子2053模式1| 有提示词动词的时态和语态非谓语动词形容词转换副词形容词、副词的比较级名词、代词的数和格词汇派生考查动词八种时态和语态的基本构
2、成形式。考查动词的ing，ed形式和不定式形式。考查形容词后加ly或ily变为副词。考查形容词、副词变为比较级的基本构成形式。考查单数名词变成复数名词的基本构成形式。考查加前缀或后缀转化而来的派生词。1(2016全国乙卷) But for tourists like me, pandas are its top (attract)attraction考查派生词。表示最具吸引力的地方，应用名词形式。2(2016全国乙卷)The title will be (official) given to me at a ceremony in London.officially考查派生词。修饰谓语部分应用
3、副词形式。3. (2016全国甲卷)If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别)those of (great) and less importance.greater考查比较等级。本空所填之词与less是并列关系，应用比较级的形式。4. (2016全国丙卷)Truly elegant chopsticks might (make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters.be made考查情态动词之后的被
4、动语态。chopsticks与make为动宾关系，应用被动语态，其构成形式为“情态动词be过去分词”。5(2016全国甲卷)Recent (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks (regular)studies；regularly考查名词的数与派生词。本句的谓语动词是show，因此第一空的主语是名词复数studies；第二空应用副词regularly作状语，修饰动词短语take short breaks。6. (2016全国甲卷)Leaving the less important
5、 things until tomorrow (be) often acceptable.is考查主谓一致。本句的主语是动名词短语Leaving the less important things until tomorrow，是单数，故谓语动词用is。7. (2016全国甲卷)If you find something you love doing outside of the office, youll be less likely (bring) your work home.to bring考查非谓语动词。be likely to do sth.为固定短语，意为“可能做某事”，故答案为
6、to bring。8. (2015全国卷) It was raining lightly when I (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.arrived考查时态。由主句中的was raining可知，这里使用一般过去时。9(2015全国卷)A study of travelers (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.conducted考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此句的主干为“A stud
7、y of travelers names Yangshuo as one of the top .”。study和conduct之间为被动关系，所以使用过去分词作定语。10. (2014全国卷)One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about (be) late for school.being考查非谓语动词。空格前面是介词about，后面应跟动名词形式，因此应填being。11(2016哈尔滨第一中学二模)Yoga does help people become (health)healthy考查派生词。系动词become之后
8、表示“变得怎样”，应用形容词作表语，故填healthy。12. (2016西工大附中第七次适应性训练)She took me from a poor, unhappy college student and (bring) me into her world, a world of smiles, love and (warm)brought；warmth考查动词时态和派生词。第一空所填之词与took为并列关系，应用过去式brought；第二空与smiles和love为并列关系，故填名词warmth。13. (2016山东师大附中模拟)The developers say (it) learn
9、ing ability may someday let computers help solve realworld problems.its考查代词的格。代词修饰其后的名词learning ability应用所有格，故填its。14. (2016威海市二模)At nineteen, he decided to devote (he) to music.himself考查反身代词。devote oneself to为固定搭配，意为“致力于”，故空格内应填反身代词，与he相对应的是himself。15(2016银川九中二模)He walked in as if he (buy) the scho
10、ol.had bought考查虚拟语气。as if引导的状语从句中，表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气动词用过去完成时。16(2016威海市二模)But that didnt prevent the boy from becoming one of the (great)composers of all time.greatest考查比较等级。表示“最之一”应用最高级，故用greatest。 【导学号：90892014】17(2016广东省揭阳市二模)Expectedly, Jim (inform) that he got the job eventually.was informed考查语态。Ji
11、m与inform为动宾关系，再根据got可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态，故用was informed。18. (2016山东师大附中二模)Do not carry too much money or (necessary) credit cards.unnecessary考查派生词。空格处应表示否定，意为“不必要的”，故用unnecessary。19. (2016咸阳市模拟)Before she could express her thanks to us my daughter gave her the food we (buy) for the trip.had bought考查时态。bu
12、y所表示的动作应在gave所表示的动作之前，为“过去的过去”，故用过去完成时。20. (2016南昌市十所省重点中学二模)The sightseeing options are (end), but most travelers begin on the harbor at the Sydney Opera House.endless考查派生词。空格内所填之词作表语意为“相当多的，无休止的”，故用形容词endless。技法1 若句子没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与其是并列关系时，所填动词就是谓语动词，这时就要考虑时态和语态。This coastal area was na
13、med (name) a national wildlife reserve last year.She was phoning (phone) someone, so I nodded to her and went away.技法2 若句子中已有谓语动词，又不是并列关系时，所填动词通常是非谓语动词，这时就要确定是动词的ing形式，ed形式，还是不定式形式。(1)作目的状语只能用不定式的一般式，可位于句首或句尾。To complete (complete) the project as planned, well have to work two more hours a day.(2)作伴
14、随状语一般用动词的ing形式。When I was little, my mother used to sit by my bed, telling (tell) me stories till I fell asleep.(3)非谓语动词作后置定语时，表示被动的、已完成的动作用过去分词；表示被动的、正在进行的动作用being done；表示被动的、尚未进行的动作用to be done。The bridge built (build) in 2012 was designed by a local company.The bridge being built (build) now was d
15、esigned by a local company.The bridge to be built (build) next year was designed by a local company.技法3 当空格后所给的提示词是名词，且作主语或宾语时，通常考查该名词的复数形式。For most of us the changes (change)are gradual.We have a variety of emotions (emotion) like sadness, anger, fear, enthusiasm and happiness.技法4 当空格后所给的提示词是动词，并且所
16、填的词在句中作主语或宾语时，通常考查该动词所派生出的名词。Once you reach that point in life, happiness and satisfaction (satisfy) cant be too far away.These people have made great contributions (contribute) to China with their work.技法5 当空格后所给的提示词是形容词，并且所填的词在句中作状语，通常考查该形容词所派生出的副词。He was unhappy to see the customer walk out of the restaurant angrily (angry)So you see reading books is really (real) a wonderful hobby.技法6 当空格后所给的提示词是副词时，通常考查该副词的比较等级。The harder (hard) you work, the greater progress you will make.Why are you killing your time this way? You should find something that is better (well) worth doing.