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1、 1 高中语法总复习 1.关系代词、关系副词 关系代词、关系副词 作用 先行词 例句 that,who,whom（只作宾语）主语、宾语、表语 人 Do you know the girl who/that often comes heres?Whos the boy(whom/that)you just referred to?that,which 主语、宾语、表语 物、时间、地点、原因 A dictionary is a book that/which gives the meanings of words.The school(that/which)we visited yeaterday
2、 is a famous one in Shanghai.Ill never forget the days(that/which)we spent together.whose 定语 人 The student whose window is open/,of which the window is open/,the window of which is open,is ours.Whose 或 of which the n.或 the n.of which 定语 物 The house whose window is open/,of which the window is open/,
3、the window of which is open,is ours when或in/on/at/during+which 状语 时间 I still remember the day when/on which you were born.where或in/at/on/to+which 状语 地点 This is the place where/in which she worked.why或for which或that 或不用 状语 原因 Dont you know the reason why(for which/that)he was late?当 way（方式；方法）作先行词时，关
4、系副词不用 how，而用that 或 in which,或省略。This is the way(that/in which)he worked out the problem.在限制性定语从句中，that 常可替代who,whom,which Shes the girl(who/whom/that)we all like.关系代词在限制性定语从句中，作宾语时，常可以省略 The train(which/that)he wanted to take had just left for Beijing.用 that 不 用当 先 行 词 为all,much,many,little,few,none
5、,something,everything,anything,nothing,one,I mean the one(that)you bought yesterday.2 which neither 等不定代词时 当先行词为数词或序数词、形容词的最高级或the very,the only,the last,the next,all,few 等所修饰时 Look at those flowers.You can see the two(that)you gave me.Its the most important task that should be finished soon.当先行词在句中
6、作表语或关系代词在从句中作表语时 Mary is the girl(that)Tom loved so much.Shes no longer the girl that she was years ago.当先行词既有人又有物时 We talked about the school and the teachers(that)we had visited.用 which 不 用 that 当先行词为 that 时 Whats that which you saw just now?当关系代词后面带有插入语时 Here is the English book which,as I told y
7、ou,will help improve your English.当关系代词之前有介词时 This is the house in which Premier Zhou worked.在非限制性定语从句中 The meeting,which was held in our school,was a great success.关 系 代 词 as 引导限制性定语从句，用于such()as,the same()as 或 as many/much as 等结构中引导非非限制性定语从句，说明整个主句；从句可用于主句前、主句中、主句后（as 可改 which 用）；as 在从句中作主语时，若从句为被
8、动结构或系表结构，则不用 which；当从句为主谓结构时，用 which 作从句主语，不用 as Dont talk about such things as you dont understand.Dont work with such young men as dont work hard.Bob saw the girl,as/which he hoped he would.As we can see,great changes have taken place in China.He came late again,as was expected.It was raining hard
9、,which kept us indoors.当 reason 作先行词时，后面定语从句的关系副词用 why，也可用关系代词 that，或不用关系词。The reason(why/that)I plan to go is that she will be disappointed if I dont.Multiply choice:1.Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play,_,of course,made the others unhappy.A.which B.who C.this D.what 2.After
10、living in Paris for fifty years,he returned to the small town _ he grew up as a child.3 A.which B.where C.that D.when 3.The weather turned out to be very good,_ was more than we could expect.A.what B.which C.that D.it 4.In the dark street,there wasnt a single person _ she could turn for help.A.that
11、B.who C.from who D.to whom 5.He made another wonderful discovery,_ of great importance to science.A.which I think is B.which I think it is C.which I think it D.I think which is 6.I shall never forget those years _ I lived in the country with the farmers,_ has a great effect on my life.A.that,which B
12、.when,which C.which,that D.when,who 7._ is known to all,China will be an _ pwerful country in 20 or 30 years time.A.That;advancing B.This;advanced C.As;advanced D.It;advancing 8.In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 p.m.,_ many people have got home.A.whose time B.that C.on which D
13、.by which 9.Carol said the work would be done by October,_ personally I doubt very much.A.it B.that C.when D.which 10.All _ is needed is a supply of oil.A.the thing B.that C.what D.which 11.Mr Chen will never forget the days _ he spent with his students.A.which B.on which C.during which D.when 12.Be
14、tty told us _ she had done.A.that B.that all C.all that D.what all 13.The building _ top is flat in our school library.A.which B.whose C.of which D.its 14.There are forty-eight students in our class,one-third of _ are girls.A.them B.which C.who D.whom 15.Rose will give you such information _ will he
15、lp you.A.as B.that C.it D.which 16.Bob was the only passenger _ was saved in the ancident.A.whose B.whom C.that D.which 17.Mr.Wang has a good knowledge of English,_ helps him a lot in his work.A.that B.which C.what D.it 18.Alice is one of the girls _ there before.A.who has been B.that has been C.who
16、 have been D.that have been 19.Who _ know him would believe io him?A.who B.that C.which D.whom 20.Mr.Huang is the person _ you can ask for help.A.whom B.whose C.from whom D.with whom 21.Mr Hill has two sons,both _ work in Guangdong.A.of them B.of which C.of who D.of whom 22.It is the young man _ loo
17、ked for _ caught the thief.A.that,they B.they,that C.they,which D.that,who 23.This is the largest clock in the world,_ the minute hand is six metres long.A.whose B.which C.of which D.where 24.October 1,1949 is the day _ the Chinese people will never forget,_ the PRC was founded.A.when,when B.when,wh
18、ich C.when,that D.which,when 4 25.The reason _ I plan to go is _ she will be disappointed _ I dont.A.because,that,if B.whey,that,whether C.that,that,if D.why,because,when 26.Theres not much _ can be done.A.that B.which C.what D.for which 27.Is this magazine _ you bought from the reading-room yesterd
19、ay?A.that B.which C.what D.the one 28._ she could do was to send for the doctor.A.All B.All what C.Which D.Everything which 29._ is known to all that China is a developing country.A.It B.What c.As D.Which 30.The boy said nothing,_ made her very angry.A.it B.that C.which D.what 31.There are 107 known
20、 elements,_ metals.A.which are B.most of which are C.most of them are D.most of which is 32.The subject _ Im most interested is Chiese.A.that B.which C.in that D.in which 33.Ill never forget the day _ I joined the Party.A.which B.that C.in which D.on which 34.I hung the picture on the wall _ can be
21、seen well.A.which B.where C.where it D.so that 35.The man and his horse _ fell into the river were saved by the police.A.who B.what C.that D.which 36.I dont think the number of people _ this happened was large.A.who B.of which C.whom D.to whom 37.This is the factory _ Mr Black worked five years ago.
22、A.which B.that C.in that D.where 38.Mr King is a man _.A.you can depend on B.whom you cand depend C.on whom you can depend D.on which you can depend 39.This is the girl _ mother were just been speaking.A.who B.of whose C.whose D.of whom 40.She heard a noise,_ brought her heart into her mouth.A.it B.
23、which C.that D.what 41.I dont like _ you speak to her.A.the way B.the way in that C.the way which D.the way of which 42.Football,_ is a very interesting game,is played all over the world.A.that B.which C.it D.who 43.This is the best book _ Ive ever bought.A.with which B.that C.which D.when 44.Can yo
24、u tell me the name of the factory _ you visited last week?A.what B.where C./D.when 45.Im visiting the school _ my mother taught physics ten years ago.A.where B.that C.which D.what 46.Ten years ago,my mother taught physics in the school _ Im visiting.A.where B.that C.what D.why 47.He paid the boy$10
25、for washing ten windows,most of _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.5 A.these B.those C.that D.which 48.Some of the boys whom _ didnt come.A.I invited them B.I invited C.I invite them D.I invite 49.The day will come _ the people all over the world will win liberation.A.that B.where C.how D.when
26、 50.After living in Paris for 50 years he returned to the small town _ he grew up as a child.A.which B.that C.where D.when 1.The English play _ my students acted at the New Years party was a great success.A.for which B.at which C.in which D.on which 2.George Orwell,_ was Eric Arthur,worte many polit
27、ical novels and essays.A.the real name B.what his real name C.his real name D.whose real name 3.Anyway,that evening,_ Ill tell you more about later,I ended up staying at Rachels place.A.when B.where C.what D.which 4._ is often the case,we have worked out the production plan.A.Which B.When C.What D.A
28、s 5.Can you think out a situation _ this idiom can be used?A.which B.that C.where D.with which 6.There is a mountain _ the top is always covered with snow.A.of that B.of which C.,whose D.that 7.He is the man of rich experience,_ much can be learned.A.who B.it C.from whom D.from which 8._ is known to
29、 everbody,Taiwan is a part of China.We must unify it.A.It B.As C.That D.What 9.I shall never forget the day _ Shenzhou V was launched,_ has a great effect on my life.A.when;which B.that;which C.which;that D.when;that 10.The stories about this secret person,_ this is one example,are widely spread amo
30、ng people.A.about which B.of which C.which D.from which 11.I hope that the little _ I have been able to do does good to them all.A.which B.what C.that D.when 12.Ill show you a store _ you may buy all _ you need.A.in which;that B.where;which C.which;that D.that;that 13.It was in the lab _ was taken c
31、harge of by Professor Zhang _ they did the experiment.A.where;that B.which;which C.that;where D.which;that 14.He arrived in New York,_,some time later,he became a writer.A.when B.where C.that D.which 15.It was a newspaper of a new type,_ had never before existed in the history of the lab.A.what B.su
32、ch as C.that D.it 16.There is no such place _ you dream of in all this world.A.that B.what C.which D.as 17.I shall never forget those days _ I lived in the army with the soldiers,_ has a great effect on my life.A.that;which B.when;which C.when;that D.which;that 18.She was very kind towards the child
33、ren,_ her husband seldom was.A.that B.which C.who D.and 19.Mrs Black took the police back to _ place _ she witnessed the robbery.A.the same;as B.the same;where C.the same;that D.as the same;as 20.Lets put off the picnic until next week,_ the weather may be better.6 A.as B.then C.if D.when 21.No brea
34、d eaten by man is so sweet as _ earned by his own labor.A.what B.that C.such D.the one 22.Government reports,legal papers and most business letters are the main situations _ English is used.A.when B.that C.how D.where 23.The reason _ she gives for not coming to the party is that her mother wont let
35、her.A.what B.why C.as D.which 24.The artist _ the Judge gave a prize is the teacher _ I have been taught painting for two years.A.from whom;by whom B.to whom;who C.from whom;who D.to whom;by whom Name:_ Date:_ 第三讲 倒装 1完全倒装（1）用于 there be 句型 例如：There are many students in the classroom.（2）用于 here,there
36、,now,then 等开头的句子中或以 out,in,up,down,away 等副词开头的句子中，若表示强调，且句子的主语是名词时，则句子要用完全倒装语序。例如：There goes the bell.Now comes your turn.Out went the students.(但代伺作主语时不倒装)例如：Here he comes.Here it is.（3）当句首状语为表示地点的介词词组时，要全部倒装。South of the city lies a big still factory.（4）为了保持句子平衡，或为了强调表语或状语可倒装。例如：They arrived at a
37、farmhouse,in front of which sat a small boy.Inside the pyramids are the burial rooms for the kings and queens.（5）以 as 引导的让步状语从句，其表语就提到句首，其余部分不变。如果从句的表语是个名词时，要把名词前的冠词去掉。Eg.Child as/though he is,he knows a lot.2.部分倒装（1）用于疑问句和省略 if 的虚拟条件状语从句。例如：Had you reviewed your lessons,you might have passed the ex
38、amination.Were I you,I would do the work better.(2)用于 no soonerthan,hardlywhen,neither nor 和 not until句型中。Not until the teacher came，did he finish his homework.No sooner had he finished the talk than a man stood up and put forward a question.Neither did I know this nor did I want to.注意：not until句型中前
39、面的从句不倒装，全面的主句采用部分倒装。(3)否定意义的副词 never,hardly,seldom,scarcely,little,often,at no time,not only,not once位于句首时，句子要部分倒装。7 例如：Never shall I do this again.Little did he know who the woman was.Not once have I heard of this.(4)用于某些表示祝愿的句子。例如：May you succeed!(5)以 only 修饰的副词、介词短语或从句作状语位于句首时，采用部分倒装。Eg.Only in t
40、his way can we solve the problem.Only when the war ended was he able to return home.Only his brohter was right.注意：only 不修饰上述结构时，不采用倒装结构。(6)So+形容词/副词that句型中如果“So+形容词/副词”提到句首，则主句需部分倒装，从句不倒装。Eg.So interested was he in the program that he didnt notice his mother come in.Exercises to the Inversion 1.I wo
41、uld never come to this restaurant again.The food is terrible!-_.A.Nor am I B.Neither would I C.Same with me D.So do I 2._ when he saw the UFO that he couldnt move a little.A.He was frightened enough B.He was too frightened C.So frightened he was D.So frightened was he 3.So seriously _ in the acciden
42、t that he was sent to hospital at once.A.he was wounded B.was he hurt C.he did injure D.did he hurt 4.She never laughed,_ lose her temper.A.or she ever did B.or did she ever C.nor did she ever D.nor she ever did 5._,he knows to care for and love others.A.Although he is a child B.Child as he is C.A c
43、hild as he is D.As he is a child 6.No sooner _ home than it began to rain.A.got he B.did he get C.had he got D.he had got 7._ actor,I would always act a detective.A.If I am an B.Were I an C.Were I D.If I were 8.I finally got the job I dreamed about.Never in all my life _ so happy!A.did I feel B.I fe
44、lt C.I had felt D.had I felt 9.No sooner _ the animal _ than it was hibernating.A.had;moved B.did;move C.does;move D.has moved 10.I failed in the final exam last term and only then _ the importance of studies.A.I realized B.I had realized C.had I realized D.did I realize 11.-David has made great pro
45、gress recently.-_,and _.A.So he has;so you have B.So he has;so have you C.So has he;so have you D.So has he;so you have 12.Not until I began to work _ how much tiome I had wasted.A.didnt I realize B.did realize C.I didnt realize D.I realize 13.Little _about hiw own safety,though he was in great dang
46、er himself.A.does he care B.did he care C.he cares D.he cared 14._ for the free tickets,I would not have gone to the films so often.A.If it is not B.Were it not C.Had it not been D.If they were not 15.It was _ back home after the experiment.A.not until midinight did he go B.until midnight that he di
47、dnt go 8 C.not until midnight that he went D.until midnight when he didnt go 16.I will never know what awas on his mind at the time,nor will _.A.anyone B.anyone else C.no one D.whenever 17.Maybe you have been to many countries,but nowhere else _ such a beautiful palace.A.can you find B.you could fin
48、d C.you can find D.could you find 18.The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once _ whith each other.A.they had quarreled B.they have quarreled C.have they quarreled D.had they quarreled 19.Only when your identity has been checked,_.A.you are allowed in B.you will be allowed in C.wil
49、l you allow in D.will you be allowed in 20.Only in this way _ to make improvement in the operating system.A.you can hope B.you did hope C.can you hope D.did you hope 21.It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows _.A.it what to do with B.what to do it with C.what to do with
50、it D.to do what with it 22.As far as I am concerned,education is about learning and the more you learn,_.A.the more for life are you equipped B.the more equipped for life you are C.the more life you are equipped for D.you are equipped the more for life 23.-You forgot your purse when you went out.-Go