《2021年深圳中学高三英语第四次联考试题及答案解析.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2021年深圳中学高三英语第四次联考试题及答案解析.doc（10页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、2021 年深圳中学高三英语第四次联考试题及答案解析第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项AYou have to praise the smoothness （顺畅）of ants on the move. No matter how many of them are goingtoward a place, theres never a hold -up. A new research paper shows how ants keep traffic flowing
2、 by changingtheir behavior to meet changing conditions.For their experiments, researchers from the University of Toulouse focused on Argentine ants, animals thatoften move from colon（y 群落）to colony depending on where the food is. Making use of Argentine ants talent forfast travel, the researchers bu
3、ilt bridges connecting their colonies. The bridges were different in width from a fifthto three-quarters of an inch. The colonies, too, were of different sizes, ranging from 400 to more than 25,000 ants.Then the researchers sat back andmonitoredthe traffic. To their surprise, even when those narrowe
4、r bridgeswere full of ants, there were no traffic accidents. When the number of ants on the bridge increased, antsseemed to be able to understand the situation and adjusted（调整）their speed accordingly to avoid making thetraffic flow stop. the authors note. Moreover, ants avoided entering a busy road
5、and made sure that the bridgewas never too packed to cross.”The lesson for humans? The traffic problem may lie in our inability to adjust our driving habits for the good ofthe whole. Driving is fun when there are few cars on the road. Then the traffic moves very slowly. And yet, someimpatient driver
6、 still acts like hes alone on the road.The research suggests that projects, like the ever -widening of highways, may never free us from traffic jams.As long as we drive along with our own habits, no matter how many other people are on the road, well alwaysend up in a traffic jam. Indeed, less space
7、may actually be a good thing. It leaves less room for individual choiceand forces us to take a page from the driving book of ants.1. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?A. The results of the experiments. B. The purpose of the experimentsC. The preparation of the experiments. D. The requirements of the
8、experiments2. What does the underlined word monitor in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. watch and check. B. seek and improveC. design and plan D. discuss and practise3. What is the best title for the text?A. Is widening highways a solution?B. Why dont ants need traffic lights?C. Can we learn safe drivin
9、g from ants?D. What can ants teach us about traffic jams?BWe interviewed two people, one who went from the country to the city and one who did the opposite.Janet Lincoln is a salesgirl who moved to St. Louisfive years ago. Heres what Janet told us:“Five years ago I used to live in a small town calle
10、d Lemon Falls. I grew up and went to high school there.After I graduated I worked in a supermarket. Lemon Falls had a population of about 800 people, and I knew everysingle one of them. They all knew everything about me, too. You couldnt do anything without everyone in townknowing about it. The firs
11、t chance I got I moved to St. Louis and I love it. I dont know as many people now as Iused to, but thats OK. I have a few good friends, and I see them when I want to. I kind of like beinganonymous. Idnever go back to Lemon Falls.”Troy Henson had the opposite experience. He and his wife, Darla, and t
12、heir two children moved from St. Louisto Bloomfield three years ago. Heres what Troy told us:“The best thing we ever did was get out of St. Louis. Dont get me wrong; St. Louis is as good a place as anyother city, I suppose if you like cities, that is. We dont. Both Darla and I grew up in St. Louis.
13、We met at collegeand got married. Then the kids came along and life got difficult. We didnt know any of our neighbors. We bothhad good jobs, but it always seemed like there was never enough money. That all changed when we moved toBloomfield. I dont make as much money as I used to, but then we dont h
14、ave as many expenses as we did. Weknow our neighbors. Life is good. Wed never leave Bloomfield.”4. What troubled Janet when she was in Lemon Falls?A. She had no friends. B. There was no privacy.C. There was a lot of competition. D. She couldnt find a well-paid job.5. What does the underlined word “a
15、nonymous” in Paragraph 3 mean?A. Alone. B. Prepared. C. Sociable. D. Unknown.6. Different from Janet, Troy _.A. prefers country life B. moved to a bigger cityC. grew up in a smaller town D. knows little about his new neighbors7. What is Troys opinion on living in Bloomfield?A. It is a little boring.
16、 B. It is quite comfortable.C. It costs a lot of money. D. It creates a safe environment.CMost animals living in crowded conditions have particularly strong immune systems, so it long puzzledresearchers that honeybees do not.Part of the answer, discovered in 2015, is that queen bees vaccinate their
17、eggs by moving parts of proteinsfrom disease-causing pathogens to them before they are laid. These act as antigens totriggerthe development of aprotective immune response in the developing young. But that observation raises the question of how the queenreceives her antigen supply in the first place?
18、 Dr. Harwood wondered if the nurse bees were taking in parts ofpathogens and passing them to royal jelly they were producing while eating the food brought to the hive.To test this idea, he teamed up with a group at theUniversityofHelsinki, inFinland, led by Dr Heli Salmela.Together, they collected a
19、bout 150 nurse bees and divided them among six queenless mini hives equipped withbaby bees to look after. Instead of honey, they fed the nurses on sugar water, and for three of the hives theyadded P. larvae, a bacterium causing a hive-killing disease, to the sugar water.In this case, to stop such an
20、 infection happening, Dr Harwood and Dr Salmela heat-treated the pathogens andso killed them in advance. They also labelled the dead bacteria with a fluorescent dye, to track them easily. And,sure enough, it was confirmed that parts of P. larvae were getting into royal jelly released by those bees w
21、hich hadbeen fed with the sugar water containing that.All told, these findings suggest that nurse bees are indeed, through their royal jelly, passing antigens onto thequeen for vaccinating her eggs. They also mean the nurses are vaccinating baby bees as well, because baby bees,too, receive royal jel
22、ly for the first few days after they come out.8. What does the underlined word “trigger in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Cut out. B. Set off. C. Slow down. D. Put off.9. Which is the main experimental subject in Paragraph 3?A. Queen bees. B. Nurse bees.C. Bee eggs. D. Baby bees.10. Why was P. larvae
23、added to the sugar water?A. To test if it would cause a hive-killing disease.B. To check how the bacterium would affect the hive.C. To see whether the target bees would favor the taste.D. To confirm the bees would pass pathogens to royal jelly.11. What is the text mainly about?A. How bees multiply.
24、B. How antigens function.C. How bees get vaccinated. D. How immune system works.DIt was the first day of spring here but it didnt feel like it. The COVID -19 epidemic (流行病) was sweeping theglobe and everywhere there were feelings of fear and loneliness. “Social Distancing” had become the new norm.He
25、re the schools had been closed, the restaurant dining rooms had been shut, and people had been told to workfrom home whenever they could. Even the sheltered workshop where my oldest son worked had been closed untilfurther notice. People had made a run on the stores and large areas of the shelves wer
26、e bare. On the news thenumbers of the sick and dead continued to rise. It felt like there was a weight on the souls of everyone in theworld.My family were staying at home as much as possible and as I looked out of my window I wondered how longthis crisis would last. It was then, however, that I saw
27、something that lifted that weight off of my soul, made mesmile, and made my heart feel happy again. On the street below my house there was an old friend of mine fromhigh school who was a teacher there. With him was my younger sons former aide from the high school as well.They were delivering the sch
28、ool lunches door to door to the hungry children who were stuck at home. Watchingthem made me think of something everyones childhood television neighbor, Mr. Rogers once said: In the badtimes, always look for the helpers.I have no doubt that this crisis will pass as all the crisis before. But it is o
29、ur choice on whether it brings outthe best in us or the worst in us. Let it bring out the best in you. Use it to strengthen your faith. Use it to freeyourself from fear. Use it to grow kinder, more giving, and more loving. Become a helper to all those in need andyou will be a happy person today and
30、all the days to come.12. Why didnt the author like the first day of spring?A. He had to work at home instead of at office.B. There wasnt social distance between each other.C. There was an epidemic everywhere in the world.D. His own company had been closed for a long time.13. How did people feel in t
31、he face of the epidemic?A. Disappointed. B. Tense C. Confident. D. Cheerful.14. What made the author happy?A. Seeing someone delivering lunches from door to door.B. Talking with his old friend in the street.C. Watching a childhood television at home.D. Staying together with his family.15. What do Mr
32、. Rogers words actually mean?A. Its not necessary for us to find helpers in bad times.B. In good times we neednt do much to help others.C. We should ask more people to help us in bad times.D. We are supposed to help each other in bad times.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中
33、有两项为多余选项Drugs are chemicals that change the way a persons body works. Youve probably heard that drugs are bad foryou, but what does that mean and why are they bad?Medicines Are Legal Drugs_16_you already know about one kind of drugs. Medicines are legal drugs, meaning doctors are allowedto prescribe
34、 them for patients, stores can sell them, and people are allowed to buy them.Illegal DrugsWhen people talk about a drug problem, they usually mean abusing legal drugs or using illegal drugs, suchas cocaine（冰毒）and heroin to get “high”._17_Illegal drugs arent good for anyone, but they are particularly
35、 bad for a kid or teen whose body is still growing。Illegal drugs can damage the brain, heart, and other important organs. Cocaine, for instance, can cause a heartattack - even in a kid or teen. While using drugs, people are also less able to do well in school, sports, and otheractivities. Its often
36、harder to think clearly and make good decisions._18_Why Do People Use Illegal Drugs?Sometimes kids and teens try drugs to fit in with a group of friends._19_Someone may use illegal drugsfor many reasons, but often because they help the person escape from reality for a while._20_And using drugs often
37、 causes other problems on top of the problems the person had in the firstplace. Somebody who uses drugs might need professional help to slop using drugs. A grownup can help theperson find the treatment needed to stop using drugs. Another way kids can help kids is by choosing not to try oruse drugs.A
38、.Why Are Illegal Drugs Dangerous?B.Are Illegal Drugs Dangerous for People?C.Drugs dont solve problems, of course.D.Or they might be curious or just bored.E.When you are not feeling well or right,F.If youve ever been sick and had to take medicine,G.People can do dangerous things when they use drugs.第
39、二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Have you ever given a thought to inspiration？In fact, inspiration can be a strange thing. You never knowwhen it might_21_, and sometimes, it can come from the most_22_places.I recently read about an author na
40、med Nnedi Okorafor. When she was in college, she had a serious spinedisorder. Okorafor was told that a simple operation could_23_it. But when she woke up fromher_24_, she found that she couldnt move her legs and was in great pain.Okorafor got_25_later. But before she did, she saw strange things in h
41、er hospital room. She imaginedher_26_as a beast that hunted her from the shadows. But she also_27_a woman-a woman whocould fly, in fact. This_28_woman inspired her and helped her_29_her pain. “I felt myselfbecome_30_,” she wrote in her book Broken Places & Outer Spaces: Finding Creativity in theUnex
42、pected.We_31_know where we might find the inspiration to create. As a_32_, most of myinspiration comes from other peoples music. But I also find_33_in other places. Books, moviesand_34_just moments in everyday life can lead to new creations._35_, I recently rewatched the film Blade Runner. Ive seen
43、it plenty of times before; its one of myfavorite movies. But this time, for some reason, I saw it_36_.I decided to make music that could createthe same feeling as the_37_. Its not done yet, but the music Im working on now isheavily_38_by the movies setting and characters.Anything can_39_us. You just
44、 have to be_40_to catch inspiration when it hits.21. A. work B. hit C. exist D. pass22. A. interesting B. ordinary C. unexpected D. dangerous23. A. fix B. make C. remove D. control24. A. dream B. shock C. recovery D. operation25. A. well B. bad C. worried D. annoyed26. A. curiosity B. pain C. anger
45、D. fear27. A. asked B. met C. imagined D. visited28. A. confident B. smart C. honest D. magical29. A. forget B. recognize C. describe D. practice30. A. richer B. better C. busier D. quieter31. A. always B. never C. sometimes D. still32. A. director B. dancer C. musician D. writer33. A. tips B. messa
46、ges C. examples D. ideas34. A. even B. again C. not D. only35. A. In short B. In addition C. For example D. After all36. A. differently B. perfectly C. vividly D. smoothly37. A. story B. song C. play D. film38. A. changed B. supported C. disturbed D. influenced39. A. impress B. inspire C. amuse D. c
47、hallenge40. A. free B. thankful C. ready D. careful第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式What might life be like if you looked very different from others? Most of us are lucky enough to be born with“normal” faces_41._the boy in the movie Wonder has no such luck._42._(adapt) from a bestselling novel, the movie Wonder is about a boy named Auggie_43._has afacial deformity (畸形). With_44._(break) hearts, however, his parents try hard to bring him up like a normalchild. He receives good home-schooling until he gains_