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1、20212021 年深圳中学高三英语第四次联考试题及答案解析年深圳中学高三英语第四次联考试题及答案解析第一部分第一部分阅读（共两节，满分阅读（共两节，满分4 40 0 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 1515 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 3030 分）分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项A AYou have to praise the smoothness （顺畅）of ants on the move. No matter how many of them are goingtoward a place, theres never a
2、hold -up. A new research paper shows how ants keep traffic flowing by changingtheir behavior to meet changing conditions.For their experiments, researchers from the University of Toulouse focused on Argentine ants, animals thatoften move from colony （群落） to colony depending on where the food is. Mak
3、ing use of Argentine ants talent forfast travel, the researchers built bridges connecting their colonies. The bridges were different in width from a fifthto three-quarters of an inch. The colonies, too, were of different sizes, ranging from 400 to more than 25,000 ants.Then the researchers sat back
4、andmonitoredthe traffic. To their surprise, even when those narrower bridgeswere full of ants, there were no traffic accidents. When the number of ants on the bridge increased, antsseemed to be able to understand the situation and adjusted（调整）their speed accordingly to avoid making thetraffic flow s
5、top. the authors note. Moreover, ants avoided entering a busy road and made sure that the bridgewas never too packed to cross.”The lesson for humans? The traffic problem may lie in our inability to adjust our driving habits for the good ofthe whole. Driving is fun when there are few cars on the road
6、. Then the traffic moves very slowly. And yet, someimpatient driver still acts like hes alone on the road.The research suggests that projects, like the ever-widening of highways, may never free us from traffic jams.As long as we drive along with our own habits, no matter how many other people are on
7、 the road, well alwaysend up in a traffic jam. Indeed, less space may actually be a good thing. It leaves less room for individual choiceand forces us to take a page from the driving book of ants.1. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?A. The results of the experiments.B. The purpose of the experimentsC
8、. The preparation of the experiments.D. The requirements of the experiments2. What does the underlined word monitor in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. watch and check.B. seek and improveC. design and planD. discuss and practise3. What is the best title for the text?A. Is widening highways a solution?B.
9、 Why dont ants need traffic lights?C. Can we learn safe driving from ants?D. What can ants teach us about traffic jams?BWe interviewed two people, one who went from the country to the city and one who did the opposite.Janet Lincoln is a salesgirl who moved to St. Louisfive years ago. Heres what Jane
10、t told us:“Five years ago I used to live in a small town called Lemon Falls. I grew up and went to high school there.After I graduated I worked in a supermarket. Lemon Falls had a population of about 800 people, and I knew everysingle one of them. They all knew everything about me, too. You couldnt
11、do anything without everyone in townknowing about it. The first chance I got I moved to St. Louis and I love it. I dont know as many people now as Iused to, but thats OK. I have a few good friends, and I see them when I want to. I kind of like beinganonymous. Idnever go back to Lemon Falls.”Troy Hen
12、son had the opposite experience. He and his wife, Darla, and their two children moved from St. Louisto Bloomfield three years ago. Heres what Troy told us:“The best thing we ever did was get out of St. Louis. Dont get me wrong; St. Louis is as good a place as anyother city, I suppose if you like cit
13、ies, that is. We dont. Both Darla and I grew up in St. Louis. We met at collegeand got married. Then the kids came along and life got difficult. We didnt know any of our neighbors. We bothhad good jobs, but it always seemed like there was never enough money. That all changed when we moved toBloomfie
14、ld. I dont make as much money as I used to, but then we dont have as many expenses as we did. Weknow our neighbors. Life is good. Wed never leave Bloomfield.”4. What troubled Janet when she was in Lemon Falls?A. She had no friends.B. There was no privacy.C. There was a lot of competition.D. She coul
15、dnt find a well-paid job.5. What does the underlined word “anonymous” in Paragraph 3 mean?A. Alone.B. Prepared.C. Sociable.D. Unknown.6. Different from Janet, Troy _.A. prefers country lifeB. moved to a bigger cityC. grew up in a smaller townD. knows little about his new neighbors7. What is Troys op
16、inion on living in Bloomfield?A. It is a little boring.B. It is quite comfortable.C. It costs a lot of money.D. It creates a safe environment.CMost animals living in crowded conditions have particularly strong immune systems, so it long puzzledresearchers that honeybees do not.Part of the answer, di
17、scovered in 2015, is that queen bees vaccinate their eggs by moving parts of proteinsfrom disease-causing pathogens to them before they are laid. These act as antigens totriggerthe development of aprotective immune response in the developing young. But that observation raises the question of how the
18、 queenreceives her antigen supply in the first place? Dr. Harwood wondered if the nurse bees were taking in parts ofpathogens and passing them to royal jelly they were producing while eating the food brought to the hive.To test this idea, he teamed up with a group at theUniversityofHelsinki, inFinla
19、nd, led by Dr Heli Salmela.Together, they collected about 150 nurse bees and divided them among six queenless mini hives equipped withbaby bees to look after. Instead of honey, they fed the nurses on sugar water, and for three of the hives theyadded P. larvae, a bacterium causing a hive-killing dise
20、ase, to the sugar water.In this case, to stop such an infection happening, Dr Harwood and Dr Salmela heat-treated the pathogens andso killed them in advance. They also labelled the dead bacteria with a fluorescent dye, to track them easily. And,sure enough, it was confirmed that parts of P. larvae w
21、ere getting into royal jelly released by those bees which hadbeen fed with the sugar water containing that.All told, these findings suggest that nurse bees are indeed, through their royal jelly, passing antigens onto thequeen for vaccinating her eggs. They also mean the nurses are vaccinating baby b
22、ees as well, because baby bees,too, receive royal jelly for the first few days after they come out.8. What does the underlined word “trigger in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Cut out.B. Set off.C. Slow down.D. Put off.9. Which is the main experimental subject in Paragraph 3?A. Queen bees.B. Nurse bees
23、.C. Bee eggs.D. Baby bees.10. Why was P. larvae added to the sugar water?A. To test if it would cause a hive-killing disease.B. To check how the bacterium would affect the hive.C. To see whether the target bees would favor the taste.D. To confirm the bees would pass pathogens to royal jelly.11. What
24、 is the text mainly about?A. How bees multiply.B. How antigens function.C. How bees get vaccinated.D. How immune system works.DIt was the first day of spring here but it didnt feel like it. The COVID -19 epidemic (流行病) was sweeping theglobe and everywhere there were feelings of fear and loneliness.
25、“Social Distancing” had become the new norm.Here the schools had been closed, the restaurant dining rooms had been shut, and people had been told to workfrom home whenever they could. Even the sheltered workshop where my oldest son worked had been closed untilfurther notice. People had made a run on
26、 the stores and large areas of the shelves were bare. On the news thenumbers of the sick and dead continued to rise. It felt like there was a weight on the souls of everyone in theworld.My family were staying at home as much as possible and as I looked out of my window I wondered how longthis crisis
27、 would last. It was then, however, that I saw something that lifted that weight off of my soul, made mesmile, and made my heart feel happy again. On the street below my house there was an old friend of mine fromhigh school who was a teacher there. With him was my younger sons former aide from the hi
28、gh school as well.They were delivering the school lunches door to door to the hungry children who were stuck at home. Watchingthem made me think of something everyones childhood television neighbor, Mr. Rogers once said: In the badtimes, always look for the helpers.I have no doubt that this crisis w
29、ill pass as all the crisis before. But it is our choice on whether it brings outthe best in us or the worst in us. Let it bring out the best in you. Use it to strengthen your faith. Use it to freeyourself from fear. Use it to grow kinder, more giving, and more loving. Become a helper to all those in
30、 need andyou will be a happy person today andall the days to come.12. Why didnt the author like the first day of spring?A. He had to work at home instead of at office.B. There wasnt social distance between each other.C. There was an epidemic everywhere in the world.D. His own company had been closed
31、 for a long time.13. How did people feel in the face of the epidemic?A. Disappointed.B. TenseC. Confident.D. Cheerful.14. What made the author happy?A. Seeing someone delivering lunches from door to door.B. Talking with his old friend in the street.C. Watching a childhood television at home.D. Stayi
32、ng together with his family.15. What do Mr. Rogers words actually mean?A. Its not necessary for us to find helpers in bad times.B. In good times we neednt do much to help others.C. We should ask more people to help us in bad times.D. We are supposed to help each other in bad times.第二节（共第二节（共 5 5 小题；
33、每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 1 10 0 分）分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项Drugs are chemicals that change the way a persons body works. Youve probably heard that drugs are bad foryou, but what does that mean and why are they bad?Medicines Are Legal Drugs_16_you already know about one kind of drugs.
34、 Medicines are legal drugs, meaning doctors are allowedto prescribe them for patients, stores can sell them, and people are allowed to buy them.Illegal DrugsWhen people talk about a drug problem, they usually mean abusing legal drugs or using illegal drugs, suchas cocaine（冰毒）and heroin to get “high”
35、._17_Illegal drugs arent good for anyone, but they are particularly bad for a kid or teen whose body is still growing。Illegal drugs can damage the brain, heart, and other important organs. Cocaine, for instance, can cause a heartattack - even in a kid or teen. While using drugs, people are also less
36、 able to do well in school, sports, and otheractivities. Its often harder to think clearly and make good decisions._18_Why Do People Use Illegal Drugs?Sometimes kids and teens try drugs to fit in with a group of friends._19_Someone may use illegal drugsfor many reasons, but often because they help t
37、he person escape from reality for a while._20_And using drugs often causes other problems on top of the problems the person had in the firstplace. Somebody who uses drugs might need professional help to slop using drugs. A grownup can help theperson find the treatment needed to stop using drugs. Ano
38、ther way kids can help kids is by choosing not to try oruse drugs.A.Why Are Illegal Drugs Dangerous?B.Are Illegal Drugs Dangerous for People?C.Drugs dont solve problems, of course.D.Or they might be curious or just bored.E.When you are not feeling well or right,F.If youve ever been sick and had to t
39、ake medicine,G.People can do dangerous things when they use drugs.第二部分第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分语言运用（共两节，满分4545 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 2020 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.51.5 分，满分分，满分 3030 分）分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Have you ever given a thought to inspiration？In fact, inspiration can be a strange thing. You never k
40、nowwhen it might_21_, and sometimes, it can come from the most_22_places.I recently read about an author named Nnedi Okorafor. When she was in college, she had a serious spinedisorder. Okorafor was told that a simple operation could_23_it. But when she woke up fromher_24_, she found that she couldnt
41、 move her legs and was in great pain.Okorafor got_25_later. But before she did, she saw strange things in her hospital room. She imaginedher_26_as a beast that hunted her from the shadows. But she also_27_a woman-a woman whocould fly, in fact. This_28_woman inspired her and helped her_29_her pain. “
42、I felt myselfbecome_30_,” she wrote in her book Broken Places & Outer Spaces: Finding Creativity in theUnexpected.We_31_know where we might find the inspiration to create. As a_32_, most of myinspiration comes from other peoples music. But I also find_33_in other places. Books, moviesand_34_just mom
43、ents in everyday life can lead to new creations._35_, I recently rewatched the film Blade Runner. Ive seen it plenty of times before; its one of myfavorite movies. But this time, for some reason, I saw it_36_.I decided to make music that could createthe same feeling as the_37_. Its not done yet, but
44、 the music Im working on now isheavily_38_by the movies setting and characters.Anything can_39_us. You just have to be_40_to catch inspiration when it hits.21. A. workB. hitC. existD. pass22. A. interestingB. ordinaryC. unexpectedD. dangerous23. A. fixB. makeC. removeD. control24. A. dreamB. shockC.
45、 recoveryD. operation25. A. wellB. badC. worriedD. annoyed26. A. curiosityB. painC. angerD. fear27. A. askedB. metC. imaginedD. visited28. A. confidentB. smartC. honestD. magical29. A. forgetB. recognizeC. describeD. practice30. A. richerB. betterC. busierD. quieter31. A. alwaysB. neverC. sometimesD
46、. still32. A. directorB. dancerC. musicianD. writer33. A. tipsB. messagesC. examplesD. ideas34. A. evenB. againC. notD. only35. A. In shortB. In additionC. For exampleD. After all36. A. differentlyB. perfectlyC. vividlyD. smoothly37. A. storyB. songC. playD. film38. A. changedB. supportedC. disturbe
47、dD. influenced39. A. impressB. inspireC. amuseD. challenge40. A. freeB. thankfulC. readyD. careful第二节（共第二节（共 1 10 0 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.51.5 分，满分分，满分 1515 分）分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式What might life be like if you looked very different from others? Most of us are lucky enough to be born with“norm
48、al” faces_41._the boy in the movie Wonder has no such luck._42._(adapt) from a bestselling novel, the movie Wonder is about a boy named Auggie_43._has afacial deformity (畸形). With_44._(break) hearts, however, his parents try hard to bring him up like a normalchild. He receives good home-schooling un
49、til he gains_45._(admit) into a middle school. But_46._hisgreat disappointment, school life brings about great tension to him because he_47._(expose) to prejudicefrom fellow students. It is at middle school that he learns to accept himself as he is. He stays open to thedifficulties and seeks to invo
50、lve himself in various school activities. Through great efforts, Auggie endsup_48._(adore) among his teachers and classmates as well.Kids are taught that it is OK to be different and most people celebrate being unique. Still, its_49._(easy)said than done. There is a_50._(tend) that life will be hard