《奥运全民学英语900句零基础开始.doc》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《奥运全民学英语900句零基础开始.doc(179页珍藏版)》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、全民英语900句Contents Map内容纲要第一部分 英语A, B, C基础篇简明扼要的介绍英语语音、词汇、语法的基础知识。第二部分功能场景对话第四章功能会话Unit 1 Introduction介绍如何介绍别人和自我介绍May I introduce myself? I am Allow me to introduce Mr. Wang to you.Nice to meet you, Peter.Unit 2 Greetings问候如何问候和回答,闲谈以及结束谈话Hello, Mr. Wang.Hows everything with you, Mr. Wang?I havent se
2、en you for ages.Remember me to your father.Unit 3 Invitation 邀请如何邀请和客人赴邀时的语言表达Would you like to have lunch with me?Youve come at the right time.Please make yourself at home.Unit 4 Saying Goodbye道别如何结束交谈,道别,和分别时祝愿Im afraid I have to leave now.Hope to see you again.Goodbye, Peter.I wish you a pleasant
3、 journey, Tom.Unit 5 Asking the Way问路如何问路,指路Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the Beijing Zoo?Go straight down this street to the end of the block. Its on the corner on your left.You cant miss it.Unit 6 Talking About the Weather谈天气为避免涉及别人隐私而常以天气为话题,如何表达天气Nice day today, isnt it?Whats the clima
4、te like in Beijing?Its going to be clear for a change.Unit 7 Expressing Thanks and Responding道谢及回答如何道谢与回答Thank you very much, Tom.Im very much obliged to you.Its very kind of you.I cant thank you enough.My pleasure.Unit 8 Making Apologies and Responding道歉及回答如何道歉与回答Im awfully sorry, but Ive lost the
5、pen you lent me.I must apologize for losing my temper.Oh, it doesnt matter.Thats all right.Unit 9 Time and Dates时间和日期时间和日期的语言表达What time is it now?Its seven oclock sharp.Today is August fifteenth.Unit 10 Making Telephone Calls打电话如何在电话中交谈May I speak to Mary?May I ask whos calling?Hold on, please.Unit
6、 11 Making Suggestions 建议如何提建议和接受建议I suggest you buy this dictionary.If I were you, I would accept the invitation.How about a picnic?Unit 12 Asking for Help请求帮助如何请求帮助和主动提供帮助Could you please lend me your bike?I wonder if you could lend me your bike.May I help you?Unit 13 Likes and Dislikes喜欢和厌恶如何表达自己
7、喜欢和厌恶的感觉Are you keen on detective novels?Im crazy about classical music.I dont care for potato.Unit 14 Sightseeing观光旅游观光的语言表达Id like to look around this city.Ive never dreamed it would be so scenic.Unit 15 Sports体育运动体育运动的语言表达Our team beat their team 3 to 1.He broke the world record in the javelin th
8、row.第五章场景会话Unit 16 At the Department Store在商店如何在商店挑选商品、询问价格以及换货等等Id like to buy. Have you got anything better (smaller, bigger, etc)?How much is this?Unit 17 At the Bank在银行办理自己需要的银行业务:开户头、存款取款、兑换外币、贷款的表达How do we open a checking-saving account?Id like to put / withdraw some money into / from my acco
9、unt.Id like to change 100 U.S. dollars to RMB.Unit 18 At the Barbers shop 在理发店在理发店里的语言表达How do you like your hair done, sir?Id like a crew cut.Please dye my hair red.Unit 19 At the Post Office在邮局办理自己需要的邮政业务:购买邮票、寄信(挂号、航空)、寄送包裹、汇款的表达Do you have commemorative stamps?Id like to send this letter to New
10、York.How much is an airmail letter to the Peoples Republic of China?Unit 20 In the hospital 在医院在医院看病、陈述症状、检查、医嘱的语言表达Whats the trouble with you?Ive got a bad cough and my chest aches.Let me take your blood pressure.Take one of these pills three times a day after meal.Unit 21 In the Restaurant在餐厅安排座位、
11、询问菜肴情况、点菜以及付帐的表达Can we have a table by the window?What are your specialties for lunch today?May I have the bill, please?Unit 22 In the Hotel在旅馆预定房间、得到需要的酒店服务以及离开时办理手续的表达Id like to book a single room.I want a room tonight.Im going to check out tomorrow.Unit 23 At the Subway Station在地铁站询问地铁站、要搭乘的地铁号以及
12、票价、要否换乘等等的表达Could you tell me how to go to the platform?I wonder if I could have an underground map.Unit 24 At the airport在机场买机票、登机等的语言表达Id like to buy a seat on a flight to Tokyo on the 2nd of October, please.Could you tell me what I have to do with my excess baggage?Unit 25 On a Bus在公共汽车上询问汽车站以及乘坐
13、公共汽车的表达May I know where the No.68 bus stop is , please?Do you stop at the zoo?How often do they run?Unit 26 In a Taxi在出租车上乘坐出租车的表达以及和司机攀谈Where to, sir?Please take me to this address.What places of interest are there in the city?Unit 27 In the Campus在校园校园里日常教务、平时学习以及同学之间聊天的表达May I ask a question?Why
14、dont we take it easy this weekend?Unit 28 At home在家里在家日常的语言表达Whats for breakfast?Its time to get up!This is the last of the milk.I intend to go to the store today.Abbreviation used in this book 本书所用的缩写n. = noun 名词v. = verb 动词vt. = transitive verb 及物动词vi. = intransitive verb 不及物动词a. = adjective 形容词ad
15、.= adverb 副词prep. = preposition 介词pron. = pronoun 代词 目 录第一部分 英语A, B, C基础篇5第一章 拼写与发音5 字母表5 国际音标6 英语发音技巧6第二章 会话基本词汇9 基数词9 序数词9 日期10 衣10 食11 住12 行12 常用英文姓名13 国名和地名14 基本动词14第三章 简单句型介绍20 英语句型的成分21 英语句型的种类21 英语的时态23 被动语态25 虚拟语气26第二部分 功能场景对话27第四章 功能会话27Unit 1 Introduction介绍27Unit 2 Greetings问候31Unit 3 Invi
16、tation 邀请36Unit 4 Saying Goodbye道别41Unit 5 Asking the Way问路44Unit 6 Talking About the Weather谈天气50Unit 7 Expressing Thanks and Responding道谢及回答55Unit 8 Making Apologies and Responding道歉及回答59Unit 9 Time and Dates时间和日期63Unit 10 Making Telephone Calls打电话70Unit 11 Making Suggestions 建议76Unit 12 Asking fo
17、r Help请求帮助82Unit 13 Likes and Dislikes喜欢和厌恶86Unit 14 Sightseeing观光90Unit 15 Sports体育运动95第五章 场景会话99Unit 16 At the Department Store在商店99Unit 17 At the Bank在银行106Unit 18 At the Barbers shop 在理发店112Unit 19 At the Post Office在邮局117Unit 20 In the hospital 在医院123Unit 21 In the Restaurant在餐厅131Unit 22 In th
18、e Hotel在旅馆139Unit 23 At the Subway Station在地铁站147Unit 24 At the airport在机场152Unit 25 On a Bus在公共汽车上157Unit 26 In a Taxi在出租车上162Unit 27 In the Campus在校园167Unit 28 At home在家里174第一部分 英语A, B, C基础篇第一章 拼写与发音 字母表 英语共有26个字母,大小写两种形式。在书写英文字母时要注意:在下列情况下字母要大写:1) 句首单词的第一个字母;2) 书名,标题的所有字母或第一个单词与其它有实际意义单词的第一个字母;3)
19、 专有名词的第一个字母;4) 国家,机构,组织名称的缩写词的所有字母;下面我们先来复习一下英语的26个字母及其发音(注意仔细听录音):A a eiB b bi:C c si:D d dVi:E e i:F f efG g di:H h eitFI i aiJ j di:K k ki:L l elM m emN n enO o EuP p pi:Q q kju:R r a:S s esT t ti:U u ju:V v vi:W w 5dQblju:X x eksY y waiZ z zed 国际音标语音最小的单位是音素。英语共有48个音素。音标是音素的符号,必须写在方括号( )内,以示与字母相
20、区别。本书采用国际音标,现分类列表如下:1. 元音以及音标举例(注意仔细听录音):i:i:t eat (吃), ti:m team (队):h: her (她),w:k work (工作)iit it (它), tim Tim (人名)5fB:m farmer (农民),5w:k worker (工人)emen men (男人),set set (设置)eirein rain (雨),weit wait (等)AmAn man (男人),sAt sat (坐)ugru grow (成长),hum home (家)B:pB:k park (公园),dB:k dark (黑暗的)aiskai sk
21、y (天空),wait wait (等)CbCks box (盒子),kCk cock (公鸡)CibCi boy (男孩),nCiz noise (噪音)C:pC:t port (港口),kC:k cork (软木塞)auhau how (如何),aut out (外)u:fu:d food (食物),du: do (做)ihi hear (听),di dear (亲爱的)ufut foot (足),tuk took (拿)ZhZ hair (头发),dZri dairy (奶场)QbQs bus (汽车),kQt cut (切)uFu sure (确信),tu tour (旅行)2. 辅音
22、(注意仔细听录音,体会细微差别):pplei play (玩),kQp cup (杯子)tFtFeindV change(改变),mAtF match (比赛)bbCI boy (男孩),bai buy (买)dVedV edge (边缘),5dVentl gentle (温和的)tteik take (拿),sit sit (坐)tssi:ts seats (座位),ets gets (得到)ddeit date (约会),fu:d food (食物)dz frendz friends (朋友),wE:dzwords(单词)kkiN king (国王),kAn can (能)trtri: t
23、ree (树),mAtF match (比赛)ggud good (好的),get get (获得)drdrC: draw (画),driNk drink (饮料)ffeis face (脸),frend friend (朋友)mmAtF match (比赛),mi:t meet (遇见)vfaiv five (五),5vRlibC:l volleyball (排球)nnCiz noise (噪音),pen pen (钢笔)WWANk thank(感谢),tenW tenth(第十)N WiN thing (东西),briN bring (带来)TTis this (这),wiT with (
24、以)lleft left (左边的),smC:l small (小的)ssit sit (坐),mis miss (小姐)hhelp help (帮助),hiE hear (听到)zzu: zoo (动物园),nCiz noise (噪音)rri:d read (阅读),rait right (右边的)FFu sure (确信),Fi: she (她)wwE:k work (工作),weit wait (等待)V 5pleVE pleasure (快乐), 5meVE measure (测量)j ju: you(你), ju:W youth (青春) 英语发音技巧A: 重音(Accent) 英
25、文的单字若是有两个以上的音节组成,发音时就会产生强弱的现象,这种现象称为“重音”(Accent)。在此,所谓的“音节”(Syllable)指的又是什么呢?要言之,即“可以一口气发音者”,比如boy, man等就是一个音节。必须吐两口气的单词如paper, people等,就称为两个音节的单词;必须吐三口气的,如potato, difficult等,就称为三个音节的单词。换言之,可说一个母音造成一个音节。至于两个音节以上的单词为何会产生发音强弱的现象?原因不外乎以下几点:1 与其他类似发音的词语产生区别。2 使发音容易进行。3 强调意义上重要的部分。由于讲英语时,重音是非常重要的,平常若有不懂的
26、地方,必须养成查字典搞清楚的习惯。特别是也有因重音的位置使词义产生变化的情况,请留心注意。 record ri5kC:d (记录)动词 重音在后 record5rekC:d (唱片)名词 重音在前 desert 5dezEt (沙漠)名词 重音在前 desert di5zE:t (抛弃)动词 重音在后重音位置落在某个音节上时,在这个音节前加上“”的符号加以区别。B: 句子的重读(Sentence Stress)正如英语单词存在发音强弱的现象,一个英语句子里,也有某一个单词特别发音的现象,这就称为句子的重读。这随句子的类型而有不同,但也会因说话人的主观意识,或者视个别情况而起变化,没有固定的规律
27、可循。下面提供一些典型例子供参考,希望对读者在讲英语时有所帮助。(斜体的地方重读)1Did Mr. Wang give her a book?王先生给了她一本书吗?No, but Mr. Li did.没给,不过李先生给了。2 id Mr. Wang give her a book? 王先生给了她一本书吗?No, but he lent it to her.没给,不过他把书借给她了。3Did Mr. Wang give her a book?王先生给了她一本书吗?No, but he gave her a pencil.没给,不过他给了她一支铅笔。4Did Mr. Wang give her
28、a book yesterday?王先生昨天给了她一本书吗?No, but he did last week. 不,他是上周给的。5Are you a student? (疑问句句首)你是位学生吗?6Who did it? (疑问句句首)这是谁做的?C: 语调(Intonation) 什么是语调?语调有何作用? 语调是指语音的“旋律”,也就是声调高低的变化。这在一定程度上是由重音控制的,因为在声调高低的比较中,重要的变化只出现在重读音节上。大体上,说英语时有两种语调,一种是上升调“Rising tone”,一种是下降调“Falling tone”。上升调随着句子的终了往上扬,下降调则往下降,分
29、别以、的记号作出标志。一般来讲,降调用于肯定的句子,命令以及带有疑问词的问句,具有一种完整和结论性的口气。升调用于其他各种问句,一切表示怀疑的语句,特别是表示保留意义的句子,具有一种非完整性的口气。1 可用Yes和No回答的疑问句采用升调。Are you ready? 准备好了吗?2 重复别人的话时采用升调。A: This is a pen. 这是一支钢笔。B: Pen. 钢笔。3 请人从二者中选择其一时,前者用升调,后者用降调。Are you Chineseor Japanese? 你是中国人还是日本人?4 视升调或降调而带有不同意味的句子。(a) I beg your pardon. 对不
30、起。(b) I beg your pardon. 请再讲一遍。5 无法用Yes, No来回答的问句用降调。Whats your name? 你叫什么名字?6 一般的句子采用降调。I went to the zoo yesterday. 我昨天去了动物园。7 命令句采用降调。Take me to the station. 带我到车站去。8 感叹句采用降调。How wonderful this gift is! 这件礼物真棒!9 附加问句采用降调。She is a popular singer, isn t she? 她是位很受欢迎的歌手,不是吗?10 谈到数种事物时,前面的用升调,最后一种用降调
31、。 I like apple , orange and melon. 我喜欢苹果、桔子和香瓜。【小结】在英语口语的学习中,无论是单词发音、语调和节奏,还是表达习惯,都需要经过长期的积累和练习,才能培养出说地道英语的语感。枯燥的理论是很难帮助您在短期内说出一口流利的英语。但掌握基本的常识和经过有针对性的练习是可以得到实用性的提高,让即使没有多少英语基础的您也能一展身手。英语口语主要分为英国英语和美国英语,它们的发音有许多不同的地方。现在,美国英语是最流行的一种,因此本书以美音录音。有关更多的美音发音内容,请阅读相关的语音训练书籍。本书所介绍的发音技巧适用于任何一种口音,也是最基本、最必要的发音技
32、巧。请根据本章讲述的要点,仔细听下面章节的录音,体会重读和语调的特点,并尽量模仿。第二章 会话基本词汇我们下面学习一下英文会话必须的一些基本词汇。英美国家的儿童并没有学国际音标之前就能说一口纯正的英语了,同样,我们中国人小时候学会说话也是在学习汉语拼音之前,因此模仿声音是学会纯正语音的关键所在。请大家尽量模仿录音,掌握下面常用单词的读音。 基数词1 one wQn2 two tu:3 three Wri:4 four fC:5 five faiv6 six siks7 seven 5sevEn8 eight eIt9 nine nain10 ten ten11 eleven i5levEn12
33、 twelve twelv13 thirteen 5WE:5ti:n14 fourteen 5fC:5ti:n15 fifteen 5fif5ti:n16 sixteen 5siks5ti:n17 seventeen 5sevEn5ti:n18 eighteen 5eI5ti:n19 nineteen 5nain5ti:n20 twenty 5twenti21 twenty-one 5twenti wQn32 thirty-two 5WE:ti tu:43 forty-three 5fC:ti Wri:54 fifty-four 5fifti fC:65 sixty-five 5siksti
34、faiv76 seventy-six 5sevEnti siks87 eighty-seven 5eItI 5sevEn98 ninety-eight 5nainti eIt100 one hundred wQn 5hQndrEd101 one hundred and one wQn 5hQndrEd And wQn1000 one thousand wQn 5WauzEnd一万 ten thousand ten 5WauzEnd十万 one hundred thousand wQn 5hQndrEd 5WauzEnd百万 one million wQn 5miljEn一千万 ten mill
35、ion ten5miljEn一亿 one hundred million wQn 5hQndrEd 5miljEn 序数词第一 first fE:st第二 second 5sekEnd第三 third WE:d第四 fourth fC:W第五 fifth fifW第六 sixth siksW第七 seventh 5sevEnW第八 eighth eItW第九 nineth 5naintiiW第十 tenth tenW第十一 eleventh i5levnW第十二 twelfth twelfW第十三 thirteenth 5WE:5ti:nW第十四 fourteenth 5fC:5ti:nW第十
36、五 fifteenth 5fif5ti:nW第十六 sixteenth 5siks5ti:nW第十七 seventeenth 5sevEn5ti:nW第十八 eighteenth 5eI5ti:nW第十九 nineteenth 5nain5ti:nW第二十 twentieth 5twentiiW第二十一 twenty-first 5twenti fE:st第三十 thirtieth 5WE:tiiW第三十二 thirty-second 5WE:ti 5sekEnd第四十 fortieth 5fC:tiiW第四十三 forty-third 5fC:ti WE:d第五十 fiftieth 5fif
37、tiiW第五十四 fifty-fourth 5fifti fC:W第六十 sixtieth 5sikstiiW第六十五 sixty-fifth 5siksti fifW第七十 seventieth 5sevEntiiW第八十 eightieth 5eItIIW第八十七 eighty-seventh 5eItI 5sevEnW第九十 ninetieth 5naintiiW第一百 hundredth 5hQndrEdW第一百零一 one hundred and first wQn 5hQndrEd And fE:st 日期年 year jE:, jiE今年 this year Tis jiE去年
38、last year lB:st jiE明年 next year nekst jiE季 season si:zn春季 spring夏季 summer秋季 autumn冬季 winter月 month mQnW这个月 this month Tis mQnW上个月 last month lB:st mQnW一月 January 5dVAnjuEri二月 February 5februEri三月 March mB:tF四月 April 5eiprEl五月 May mei六月 June dVu:n七月 July dVu(:)5lai八月 August 5C:Est九月 September sEp5tem
39、bE十月 October Ck5tEubE十一月 November nEu5vembE十二月 December di5sembE周 week wi:k本周 this week Tis wi:k上周 last week lB:st wi:k下周 next week nekst wi:k星期日 Sunday 5sQndi星期一 Monday 5mQndi, 5mQndei星期二 Tuesday 5tju:zdi星期三 Wednesday 5wenzdeI星期四 Thursday 5WE:zdi星期五 Friday 5fraidi星期六 Saturday 5sAtEdi天 day dei两天 two
40、 days tu: deiz今天 today tE5deI昨天 yesterday 5jestEdi明天 tomorrow tE5mCrEu前天 the day before yesterday Ti: dei bi5fC: 5jestEdi后天 the day after tomorrow Ti: dei 5B:ftE tE5mCrEu 衣衣服 clothes klEuTz西装 Western-style clothes 5westEn stail klEuTzT恤衫 T-shirt 5ti:7FE:t上衣 coat kEut夹克 jacket 5dVAkit大衣 overcoat 5Euv
41、EkEut衬衣 shirt FE:t裙子 skirt skE:t连衣裙 dress dres裤子 trousers 5traJzEz;pants pAnts睡衣裤 pyjamas pI5dVB:mEz浴衣 bath-robe bB:W rEub内衣 underwear 5QndEwZE女内衣 undies 5Qndiz男内衣裤 skivvies 5skiviz内裤 underdrawers 5QndEdrC:Ez男内裤 underpants 5QndEpAnts女内裤 womens panties 5wimins 5pAntiz三角裤 briefs bri:fs游泳衣 swimming sui
42、t 5swimiN sju:t游泳帽 swimming cap 5swimiN cap雨衣 raincoat 5reInkEJt帽子 cap kAp短袜 socks sCks长筒袜 stockings 5stCkiNs袜子 stockings 5stCkiNs;socks sCks手套 gloves lQvz领带 tie tai围巾 scarf skB:f皮鞋 leather shoes 5leTE Fu:z雨鞋 rain shoes rein Fu:z凉鞋 sandals 5sAndlz球鞋 gym dVim;sneakers shoes 5sni:kEz Fu:z拖鞋 slippers 5slipEz腰带 waistband 5weIstbAnd 食早餐 breakfast