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1、被动语态,初三英语,The Passive Voice,新开一中余艳,Anglebaby,Whats her name?,She is called Anglebaby.,be + P.P.,被动语态的基本结构:,有各种时态的变化,考点一:,1. Now English _ by more and more people all over the word. A. speaks B. is spoken C. was spoken,一般现在时的被动语态：am / is / are + PP,task,（一）1.We like Miss Lin Very much. Miss Lin _ _ b
2、y us very much. 2.Many young people love Jay Chou songs. Jay Chous songs _ _ by many young people.,is,liked,are,loved,时态:,结构：,am / is / are + done,一般现在时,把下列句子改为被动语态：,2. The lost boy _ at the street corner last night. A. was found B. is found C. was looked for,一般过去时的被动语态：was / were + PP,task,（二） 1.Th
3、e man repaired the car yesterday. The car _ _ by the man yesterday. 2.Mr Song encouraged us to study hard last week. We _ _ to study hard by Miss Peng last week.,was,repaired,were,encouraged,时态:,结构：,was/were + done,一般过去时,把下列句子改为被动语态：,3. Many houses _ in the future. A. will build B. will be built C.
4、are built,一般将来时的被动语态：will + be + PPbe going to + be + PP,task,(三) 1.The city will build the new airport next year. The new airport _ _ _ next year. 2.Huidong Middle School is going to send two students to Hongkong to study. Two students_ _ _ _ _ to Hongkong to study.,will,be,are,be,时态:,结构：,will /be
5、going to + be +done,一般将来时,built,going,to,sent,4. Three bridges _ since last year. A. have built B. were built C. have been built,现在完成时的被动语态：have / has + been + PP,task,(四) 1.Li Ming has already watered some flowers. Some flowers _ _ _by Li Ming already. 2.They have sold out the light green dress. Th
6、e light green dress _ _ _ out.,have,been,has,时态:,结构：,Have/has + been +done,现在完成时,watered,been,sold,5. Flowers _ every day. A. has been watered B. should be watered C. should water,含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词 + be + PP,含有情态动词的被动语态：,情态动词 + be + done,You mustnt clean the room today.The room_ _ _ by you today.2.We
7、 should finish our homework on time.,Our homework_ _ _ by us on time.,（四）,mustnt,should,结构：,be,cleaned,be,finished,Part 3,练习: 用be动词的正确形式填空.,A knife _ used to cut apples.2. The air _ polluted already.3.The rooms _cleaned later.4. The students _ asked to have breakfast. 5.They should_ encouraged to st
8、udy hard.6.Not only he but also I _ punished last night.,is,has been,will be,are,be,was,一 用适当的形式填空1 History is _ by the people. ( make)2 He is often _ to do the work by the teacher. (ask)3 The book _ by him last year. ( write )4 The radio _ last week. ( mend)5 Some trees _ on the hill already. (plan
9、t)6 A new subway _ (build) next year.7 She _ (take) to the hospital already.8 Thousands of satellites _ (send) up into the space so far.9 They said they _ (invite) to the party already.10 The trains _( produce) in Zhuzhou.11 Young trees should _(water) often.,made,asked,was written,was mended,have b
10、een planted,will be built,has been taken,have been sent,had been invited,are produced,be watered,一般现在时：一般过去时：一般将来时： 情态动词:,am/is /are + done,情态动词+be+done,will + be + done,was/were + done,以下时态的被动语态构成,Summary,现在完成时：,has / have + been + done,Task 4,考点二:,被动语态中的特殊情况:,6. Good medicine _ bitter to the mouth
11、. A. tastes B. is tasted C. taste This pen _ well. A. is sold B. sell C. sells,感官动词, 和sell等动词用主动语态表被动.,.,思考3: 选择1.The pen _well. A . is written B . writes 2.The music _ nice. A . sounds B . is sounded,B,A,有些动词的主动形式表示被动含义,注意问题3：,1.read,sell, last, wash, write等带状语（well, easily)时。如:Her book sells well.
12、,2.感官动词feel, look, smell, sound, taste等与形容词连用时。 如：The cake tastes delicious.,7. Many people _ during the earthquake in May, 2008. A. were died B. dead C. died,happen, last, die等动词不使用被动.,1.It will happen in 50 years. ( )2.It will be happened in 50 years. ( ),注意问题2：,不及物动词没有被动语态，如： happen, take place ,
13、 begin , become dissappear, come out.,思考2: 判断下列句子的正误,挑战,x,8. The man _ clean the toilet because he _ rubbish when the police walked past the park. A. was made; was seen to throw B. was made to; was seen throwing C. made; saw,see / hear sb. do sthbe seen / heard to do sthsee / hear sb. doing sth.be s
14、een / heard doing sth.make sb.do sth.be made to do sth.,主动:被动:,主动:被动:,主动:被动:,思考4: 把主动语态变为被动语态,I saw him fall off the tree.He _ _ _ fall off the tree.,was,seen,to,注意问题4：,一些动词如（如： make, see, hear, watch 等），后接宾语补足语为不带“to”不定式时，变被动语态时要加上“to”。,挑战,9. Children should _. A. take good care of B. be taken good
15、 care C. be taken good care of,固定短语的被动不要丢掉后面的介词或副词,10. Your desk _. A. needs repair B. needs repairing C. needs to repair,need, allow 可以用-ing形式表示被动need to be done = need doingbe allowed to do = allow doing,练习：将下列句子变为被动句。 1.Li Lei listens to his father carefully. 2.The mother looked after the baby in
16、 the room. 3.We took care of the things. 4.They gave us some work. 5.The boy made them laugh all the time. 6.My mother buys me a bike.,His father is listened to carefully by Li Lei .,The baby was looked after in the room.,The things were taken care of by us.,We were given some work.Some work was giv
17、en to us by them.,They were made to laugh all the time.,A bike is bought for me.,5、常见的被动结构：（1）.be covered with 被覆盖 （2）.be made of 由制作（发生物理变化） be made from 由制作（发生化学变化） be made in 在（某地）制造 be made by 被（某人）制造,3）be used for 被用来 be used as 被当作(作为)来使用 be used to do sth 被用来做某事（4）.It is said that 据说 It is re
18、ported / believed that 据报道/据认为 It is hoped that 希望 It is well known that 众所周知,各种时态的被动语态结构:,1.一般现在时态的被动语态结构: am/is/are + vt 过去分词,2.一般过去时态的被动语态结构: was/ were + vt 过去分词,3.含有情态动词的被动语态结构: 情态动词+be+ vt 过去分词,4.一般将来时的被动语态结构: will/shall +be + vt 过去分词,5.现在进行时态的被动语态结构: am/ is /are+being + vt 过去分词,6.过去进行时态的被动语态结构
19、:was / were + being+ vt 过去分词,7.现在完成时态的被动语态结构: have/has been + vt 过去分词,变化：示例,The boy broke the glass.,The glass was broken by the boy.,从主动语态变为被动语态,1.主语 介词by 宾语2.谓语 加be,并变为过去分词3.宾语 主语,二、常见语态转换（一）一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态。引入练习1。请将下列主动语态变成被动语态1.Lucy bought some fruit. Some fruit _ _ _ Lucy.2.Uncle Wang waters th
20、e flowers every day. The flowers _ _ _ Uncle Wang every day.3.Did they build the bridge in 1998? _ the bridge _ in 1998?4.When did Lu Xun write these books?When _these books _ _ Lu Xun?5.The farmers dont grow apples on the farm.Apples _ _ on the farm.6.They didnt clean the classroom yesterday.The cl
21、assroom _ _ yesterday.小结：1、被动语态的转换，在be+过去分词中，确定_ 是关键，_永不变。2、Be的时态由_确定；be的单/复数由_确定。3、问句提前_; 否定_后加not.,was bought by,are watered by,Was,built,were,written by,arent grown,wasnt cleaned,be 形,过去分词,主动时态,被动主语,be动词,be,(二）一般现在时带情态动词的被动语态。引入练习2。请将下列主动语态变成被动语态。1.You can do the work all by yourself. The work _
22、_ _ all by yourself.2.We must plant more trees. More trees _ _ _.3.Can we put our bikes here? _ our bikes _ _ here?4.You mustnt throw rubbish here. Rubbish _ _ _ here.小结：1.含情态动词的被动结构： _.2.疑问句提前_; 否定句：_+not.,can be done,must be planted,Can,be put,mustnt be thrown,情态动词+be+过去分词,情态动词,情态动词,1.一般可变为被动语态的动词
23、为及物动词2.be动词可根据人称、时态、数进行变化.3.不特别强调动作执行者时，by短语(即 by和后面的宾语)一般可以省略,NOTE,注意事项：,1.We call Mr. Smith a living Lei Feng. Mr. Smith_ a living Lei Feng (by us).2.Toms father bought him a book. He _ a book (by his father)A book_him (by his father),1.带双宾语的句子有两种改法: 一般情况下把指人的宾语作为被动句的主语.当把直接宾语物作为主语时，要加介词to,for,was
24、 bought,is called,was bought to,pass, show, send,此类动词有：,buy,be bought for,如：give,be given to,此类动词还有：,draw，make, cook, mend,2.感官动词(hear, see, watch, feel, notice等)和使役动词(let ,make have等)在主动语态中后接不带to的动词不定式,但是改为被动语态时, 把to加在动词原形之前.,They made the boys work 12 hours a day.The boys were made to work 12 hour
25、s a day.We often see him go for a walk by the river.He is often seen to go for a walk by the river.,3 主动句中含有宾语补足语句子的被动语态:把人变为主语 Mother told me not to be late. I was told not to be late by mother. I saw mother planting flowers in the garden. Mother was seen planting flowers in the garden.,必背！,动词短语变被动
26、语态，后面的介词不能丢。,take care of be taken care of,cut down be cut down,laugh at be laughed at,look after be looked after,Speak to be spoken to,Hand in be handed in,4 短语动词的被动语态 I can take good care of the baby. The baby can be taken good care of.We should speak to the old politely.The old should be spoken t
27、o politely.,The rain stopped.,The soup tastes delicious.,stop , taste 在句中是不及物动词，后面不能直接带宾语，因此不能变为被动语态。,不及物动词（vi.)不能用于被动语态。,happen, take place ,appear, disappear,belong to ,break out (爆发）,e.g. A traffic accident _(happen) just now.,happened,2. 连系动词（Link.v.)不用被动语态。 如：be, look, seem, feel, sound, smell,
28、 taste, get, turn, become,e.g. Peking Opera _ (sound) beautiful.,sounds,3. 当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候，不用被动语态 。,e.g. The pen _(write) very fast.,writes,This kind of sweater _(sell) well.,sells,三、汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家说”等时。例如： It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and It was reported that h
29、er mother died of SARS.众所周知 It is well known that 据推测说 It is supposed that ,1.-Did you go to Jims birthday party? -No, I _ (北京2003年中招试题) A. am not invited B. wasnt invited C. havent invited D. didnt invited2. To make our city more beautiful, rubbish _ into the river. A. neednt be thrown B. mustnt be
30、 thrown C. cant throw D. may not throw (重庆2003年中招试题),中招名题回顾,B,B,考点聚焦,1、主动语态为动词原形作宾语补足语。The workers were made 12 hours a day n the old days.A. work B. to work2、主动语态的谓语为短语动词。Their homework half an hour ago.A. was handed in B. was handed,A,B,3.You may go fishing if your work_. (河北2003年中招试题) A. is done B. will be done C. has done D. have done4.We are told _ everywhere. Its our duty to keep our school clean. (辽宁2003年中招试题) not to make much noise B. to throw waste paper C. to draw D. not to spit,A,D,