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1、一、结构说明情态动词的基本用法情态动词的基本用法情态动词的比较情态动词的比较情态动词情态动词+完成时完成时情态动词的情态动词的“度度”第1页/共37页二、情态动词的基本用法二、情态动词的基本用法1.can 和could的用法。(1)表示惊讶，常用在否定句和疑问句中。How could you do such a silly thing?(2)cannot.too/enough表示“无论也不过分；You cant be too careful while driving.(3)表示能力I can speak English.第2页/共37页2may和might的用法。(1)may和might表示
2、“许可”，“可能性”，“祝愿”等意义。May I play basketball this afternoon?No，you may not.(2)“may/might as well动词原形”意为“最好，倒不如”。For environmental reasons，we may as well take these waste products and have them recycled.第3页/共37页(3)may作“可以”讲时，其疑问句的否定回答常用“mustnt/cant”表示“禁止”；must作“必须”讲时，其疑问句的否定回答用“neednt”，表示“不必”。May I use y
3、our car？我可以用你的车吗？No，you mustnt.不，不可以。(委婉的拒绝可用：Sorry，but I am using it now.或Youd better not.等)Must I work out the problem tonight?我今晚必须解决这个问题吗？No，you neednt.不，你不必。第4页/共37页3must的用法。(1)表示禁止(用于否定句)。“You mustnt smoke in the bedroom，”Rose said to her husband and pushed him out of the room.(2)表示“偏执”，“固执”。C
4、ould I have a word with you，Mum？Oh dear，if you must.好吧，亲爱的，如果你偏要谈的话。Must you make so much noise?你非得弄出这么大的声吗？第5页/共37页4shall的用法。(1)用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方Shall we begin our class？Shall the driver wait outside？(2)用于第二、第三人称陈述句中，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。I promised he shall get a present for his birthday.我许诺给
5、他一件生日礼物。You shall not get my support if you do such a thing.第6页/共37页5will和would的用法。(1)表示自愿做或主动提出做什么，如意志、愿望或决心等。would用于过去的情况。John promised his doctor he would not smoke，and he has never smoked ever since.(北京高考)I have told him again and again to stop smoking，but he will not listen.第7页/共37页(2)would 可以表
6、示过去的习惯性动作，比used to正式，但没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。Last year our English teacher would sometimes tell us stories in English after class.去年我们的英语老师常常课后给我们讲英语故事。第8页/共37页三、情态动词的比较(1)can(具备)和be able to(具体)I can swim.Last night,a fire broke out,but they were able to escape.(2)must(主观)和have to(客观)You must go now.I have t
7、o go now,because they are waiting for me.第9页/共37页情态动词的比较(3)will(意愿)和be going to(打算)I will help you whenever you are in trouble.I was going to your party last Saturday,but I had an unexpected guest.第10页/共37页情态动词的比较(4)must(肯定推测)和 can not(否定推测)He must be a teacher.He must be sleeping now.He must have a
8、rrived in Beijing then.He can not be a teacher.He can not be sleeping now.He can not have arrived in Beijing then.Mr.Bush is on time for everything.How can it be that he was late for the meeting?第11页/共37页情态动词的比较(3)will和 shall疑问句疑问句肯定句肯定句will第二人称第二人称（征询意见）（征询意见）所有人称所有人称（意愿）（意愿）shall一三人称一三人称（征询意见）（征询意
9、见）二人称二人称（指令、承诺）（指令、承诺）第12页/共37页will和 shallI will do it for you.Will you come right away?Shall he come in or wait outside?You shall clean the whole classroom.Father promises that Tom shall get a new bicycle for his birthday.第13页/共37页四、情态动词+have done1can/could have done表示“本来可以做，而实际上未做”或者“过去可能”，疑问或否定形式
10、表示对过去发生的行为表示怀疑或不肯定，其中cant have done多用于语气强烈的否定，意为“不可能做过”。She cant have left school，for her bike is still here.The accident could have been avoided.第14页/共37页(2)may/might+have done表示对过去行为的推测，意为“可能做过”。might所表示的可能性比较弱，语气较委婉。此外might have done可表示“本可能做而实际上未做”。Sorry，Im late.I might have turned off the alarm
11、clock and gone back to sleep again.If it had not been for the traffic jam,I might have arrived on time.第15页/共37页(3)must+have done表示对过去行为的推测，意为“一定，想必”，语气十分肯定。He must have completed his work；otherwise，he wouldnt be enjoying himself by the seaside.第16页/共37页(4)should+have done表示过去本来应该做某事而实际上却没有做；shouldn
12、t have done表示过去本来不应该做某事而实际上却做了。这一用法往往含有责备的意味。Im not feeling well in the stomach.I shouldnt have eaten so much fried chicken just now.第17页/共37页(5)neednt+have done表示本来不必做某事而实际上却做了.Catherine，I have cleaned the room for you.Thanks.You neednt have done it.I could manage it myself.第18页/共37页五、情态动词的“度度”Must
13、ought toshouldmaymight-When can I get the photos?I need it tomorrow.-It should be ready by noon.Tom may come tonight.But he is not sure.第19页/共37页第十六组：情态动词151.他昨天不可能到达了北京，因为他是昨天晚上出发的。（否定推测）He couldnt have arrived in Beijing.Because he set out last night.152.他现在一定在图书馆看书。（肯定推测）He must be reading in the
14、 library now.153.他是进来呢，还是在外面等。（shall）Shall he come in or wait outside.154.父亲承诺玛丽在生日一定会得到哈利波特这本书。（shall）Father promises that Mary shall get Harry Potter on her birthday.155.你不必告诉我这件事情，我已经知道了。（need）You neednt tell me that,Ive known it.156.任何人都可能犯错。（may）Anyone may make mistakes.157.Tom今晚也许会来，但他不太有把握。（m
15、ay）Tom may come tonight,but he is not sure.158.令人难以置信的，像他这样的绅士居然对这位女士如此粗鲁。（should）It was strange that a gentleman like him should be so rude to the lady.159.我有急事要处理，车却偏偏抛锚了。（must）I have something urgent to deal with but my car must break down.160.他一定已经到达了上海，是吗？（反意疑问句）He must have arrived in Shanghai
16、,hasnt he?第20页/共37页解析：考查情态动词完成时的用法。表示对过去已发生动作的一种推测。have a hand 意为“参与，插手”。答案：答案：may/might/could have had a hand1(湖北高考湖北高考)It is possible that the King of Stonehenge was linked to the stones，he_(可可能参与能参与)in playing the monument,or in helping transport and pull up the stones.(hand)第21页/共37页解析：考查must完成式
17、的用法，表示对过去已发生的动作做出肯定性推测。stay up意为“熬夜”。答案：答案：have stayed up2(湖北高考湖北高考)He looks sleepy.He must_(熬熬夜了夜了)last night,writing the essay.(stay)第22页/共37页3(湖北高考湖北高考)Its said that they have swum to the island from the continent,but they _(不可不可能做到能做到)because the ocean in between is too wide.(do)答案：答案：cant/could
18、nt have done so/it/this/that第23页/共37页1(2011黄石调考)Bad luck!But for my illness,I_(一定在为你送行)at the airport now.(see)答案：答案：must be seeing you off第24页/共37页2(2011湖北部分重点中学联考)The road outside is wet.It _(准是一直在下雨)last night.(rain)答案：答案：must have been raining第25页/共37页3(2011黄冈中学二模)My bicycle isnt where I put it.
19、Who _(可能移动)?(move)答案：答案：could/might/can have moved4(2011襄阳调考)It is already 12 30 now,but Dad hasnt come back.He _(肯定遇到)the traffic jam on his way home.(catch)答案：答案：must have been/got caught in第26页/共37页5(2011湖北省部分重点中学联考)I was on the highway when a car passed me followed by a police car.It _(肯定一直在)dri
20、ving at least 150 miles per hour.(must)答案：答案：must have been 第27页/共37页6(2011宜昌模拟)Based on the real story,the film _(肯定会受到的欢迎)the audience all over the country when it is shown.(must)答案：答案：must be popular with 第28页/共37页7(2011荆州质检)Everyone in my class has passed the exam.Oh,really?It _(肯定不难).(difficult
21、)答案：答案：cant/couldnt have been difficult第29页/共37页8(2011宜昌模拟)Its said that she swam across the river ten years ago.She _(不可能做到)because she was too young.In addition,the river was over 100 meters wide.(swim)答案：答案：couldnt have done so/that第30页/共37页9(2011荆州模拟)He _(该到了)there by now.He left two hours ago a
22、nd its only a 20 minutes walk.(arrive)答案：答案：should/ought to have arrived第31页/共37页10(2011黄冈模拟)How are you getting along in America?Quite well,but some friends of mine are still telling me I _(不该搬到)this country.(should)答案：答案：shouldnt have moved to第32页/共37页11(2011咸宁模拟)She must _(熬夜了)late last night.She
23、 keeps yawning during the lesson.(stay)答案：答案：have stayed up12(2011黄石模拟)The government official has told the villagers that in no case _(他允许)them to go hungry.(should)答案：答案：should he allow第33页/共37页13(2011孝感模拟)It was wise of Jim to give me back my money.If not,he _(可能被起诉)(accuse)答案：答案：could have been accused第34页/共37页14(2011宜昌模拟)He chose to teach in a western province,though he _(可以留下)in Wuhan City for a better life.(stay)答案：答案：could have stayed 第35页/共37页15(2011武汉质检)He neednt_ (带伞)But he didnt know it would turn fine.(take)答案：答案：have taken a/the umbrella第36页/共37页感谢您的观看！第37页/共37页