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1、Unit4TheAttributiveClause1定语定语(dngy)从句从句1第一页，共68页。v定语定语(dngy)：定语：定语(dngy)通常用来修饰通常用来修饰名词或代词，说明其品质或特征。用作定语名词或代词，说明其品质或特征。用作定语(dngy)的词有形容词，名词，代词，数词，的词有形容词，名词，代词，数词，副词，非谓语动词，介词短语以及从句等。副词，非谓语动词，介词短语以及从句等。第二页，共68页。Thekindsofattribute(定语定语(dngy):1.Heisanhonestboy.2.Weloveourcountry.3.Whatsyourtelephonenumb
2、er?4.MarxfounditimportanttostudythesituationinRussia.修饰修饰(xish),限限定定5.TheforeignerwhovisitedourschoolyesterdayisfromCanada.第三页，共68页。Thekindsofattribute(定语定语(dngy):1.Heisanhonestboy.2.Weloveourcountry.3.Whatsyourtelephonenumber?4.MarxfounditimportanttostudythesituationinRussia.修饰修饰(xish),限限定定5.Thefor
3、eignerwhovisitedourschoolyesterdayisfromCanada.第四页，共68页。v由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成(guchng)的句子叫复合句。的句子叫复合句。第五页，共68页。Theredappleismine.Thegreenappleisyours.Theapplewhichisredismine.Theapplewhichisgreenisyours.第六页，共68页。定语从句：是指在复合句中，定语从句：是指在复合句中，修饰修饰 或或 的从句。的从句。被定语从句所修饰的名词被定语从句所修饰的名词(mng(mng
4、c)c)或代或代词叫做词叫做“”“”。引导定语从句的词叫引导定语从句的词叫“”“”。名词名词(mng c)代词代词(dic)先行词先行词关系词关系词TheAttributiveclause定语从句定语从句第七页，共68页。SheisthegirlwhocanspeakEnglishverywell.TheAttributiveclause1定语定语(dngy)从句从句先行先行(xinxng)词词关系关系(gun x)词词第八页，共68页。关系关系(gun x)词词关系关系(gun x)代词代词关系关系(gun x)副词副词whowhomthatwhichwhosewhenwherewhy第九页
5、，共68页。1.引导定语引导定语(dngy)从句。从句。2.代替先行词。代替先行词。3.在定语在定语(dngy)从句中担从句中担当当一个成分。一个成分。关系关系(gun x)(gun x)词的词的三个作用三个作用:第十页，共68页。SheisthegirlwhocanspeakEnglishverywell.关系关系(gun x)词词第十一页，共68页。关系关系(gun(gun x)x)代词代词1.that可指人可指人,可指物可指物,作主语作主语(zhy)或宾语或宾语(作宾语可省略作宾语可省略,前面不能加介词前面不能加介词)2.which指物指物,作主语作主语(zhy)或宾语或宾语(作宾语作宾
6、语可省略可省略,若介词提前则不能省若介词提前则不能省)3.who指人指人,作主语作主语(zhy)或宾语或宾语(作宾语可作宾语可省略省略,前面不能加介词前面不能加介词)4.whom指人指人,作宾语作宾语(作宾语可省略作宾语可省略,若介词若介词提前则不能省提前则不能省)5.whose可指认，可指物，做定语可指认，可指物，做定语第十二页，共68页。Theboyswho/thatareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.(主语主语(zhy)Theman(whom/that)youmetjustnowismyteacher.(宾语宾语(bny)Planeisamachinewh
7、ich/thatcanfly.(主语主语(zhy)Thisisthepen(which/that)heboughtyesterday.(宾语宾语)第十三页，共68页。Yesterdayshetalkedwithonewoman_husbanddiedinthataccident.A.whichB.whoseC.ofwhichD.thatB关系代词表示先行词的所属关系代词表示先行词的所属(sush)(sush)关系，关系，指人和物时都用指人和物时都用whose,whose,可理解为可理解为“的的”第十四页，共68页。1.Thestudent_fatherworksinthefactoryissi
8、ttingthere.2.Iliketherooms_windowsfacesouth.3.Thisisthedesk_legswerebroken.whosewhosewhose第十五页，共68页。Beijingisthecity_hasgotthechancetohostthe2008OlympicGames.thecity/getthechancetohostthe2008OlympicGameswhich/that第十六页，共68页。YeXinisanurse_diedinthefightagainstSARS.anurse/dieinthefightagainstSARSwho/th
9、at第十七页，共68页。Titanicistheship_sankafterhittinganiceberg.which/that第十八页，共68页。关系关系(gun x)代词用法代词用法关系代关系代词词指代指代在从句中的作用在从句中的作用thatwhichwhowhomwhose人人/物物 主主/宾宾 主主/宾宾 主主/宾宾 宾宾 定定 人人 人人人物人物 物物 Summary第十九页，共68页。一般一般(ybn)多用多用that的的情况：情况：Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow.Ivereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.
10、(1)先行词为先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定等不定(bdng)代词时。代词时。(2)先行先行(xinxng)词被词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时。等修饰时。第二十页，共68页。Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.(3)先行先行(xinxng)词被序数词或最高级修饰时。词被序数词或最高级修饰时。(4)先行先行(xinxng)词被词被theonly,thevery,
11、thesame,thelast修饰时。修饰时。第二十一页，共68页。(5)who或或which的问句中。的问句中。(6)Whoisthegirlthatdrovethecar?(7)Whichisthebookthatyouboughtlastweek?(8)(6)当先行当先行(xinxng)词在定语从句中作词在定语从句中作be表语時表语時(9)Sheisntthegirlthatshewas10yearsago.第二十二页，共68页。1.All_weneedistobesuppliedwithfoodandclothing.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.whom2.Theman_
12、talkedtoyoujustnowisanengineer.A.whoB.whoseC.whichD.whatExercises:第二十三页，共68页。3.Canyoutellmethenameofthefactory_youvisitedlastweek?A.whatB.inwhereC./D.when4.Idontliketheway_youspeaktoher.A.thatB.inthatC.whoD.whose第二十四页，共68页。5.Themostimportantthing_weshouldpayattentiontoisthefirstthing_Ihavesaid.A.whi
13、ch;thatB.that;whichC.which;whichD.that;that第二十五页，共68页。6.Shespentthewholeeveningtalkingaboutthethingsandpersons_noneofushaseverheardof.A.whichB.whoC.whomD.that第二十六页，共68页。7.Whoistheperson_istalkingabouttheaccident_happenedonHighway104?A.which;whichB.who;whatC.that;thatD.what;what第二十七页，共68页。第二十八页，共68页。
14、1._isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsaroundtheearthonceeverymonth.(NMET2001)A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.what第二十九页，共68页。2.Thefamousbasketballstar,_triedtomakeacomeback（恢恢复复）,attractedalotofattention.(北京北京(bijn)2002春季春季)A.whereB.whenC.whichD.who第三十页，共68页。3.Hersisterhasbecomealawyer,_shewantedtobe.（湖北（湖北2005）A.whoB
15、.thatC.whatD.which第三十一页，共68页。4.Doyouhaveanyidea_isactuallygoingonintheclassroom?（辽宁（辽宁2005）A.thatB.whatC.asD.which第三十二页，共68页。5.Lastmonth,partofSoutheastAsiawasstruckbyfloods,from_effectsthepeoplearestillsuffering.（天津（天津(tinjn)2005）A.thatB.whoseC.thoseD.what第三十三页，共68页。6.Women_drinkmorethantwocupsofco
16、ffeeadayhaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanthose_dont.（2006北京北京(bijn)）A.who;不填不填B.who;不填不填C.who;whoD.不填；不填不填；不填第三十四页，共68页。7.Hismoviewonseveralawardsatthefilmfestival,_wasbeyondhiswildestdream.(2007上海上海)A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it第三十五页，共68页。8.Thethoughtofgoingbackhomewaskepthimhappywhilehewaswork
17、ingabroad(2007上海春上海春)A.that B.allthatC.allwhat D.which第三十六页，共68页。一一 who 引导引导 的定语从句的定语从句（1）先行词是人，在从句中作主语（不可）先行词是人，在从句中作主语（不可(bk)省略省略=that）The girl who is speaking at the meeting is our monitor.The man _ is our teacher.Do you know the man _?The poor man _is called Johnwho is shaking hands with my fath
18、erthat/who spoke just now?who lost his money just now第三十七页，共68页。(2)先行词为先行词为one,ones,anyone,he,all,people,those 在从句中作主语用在从句中作主语用who,此时此时不用不用(byng)that,who 不可省略不可省略The person I want to learn from is one _ Anyone _must give his reason.He_ get burnt.All_ were excited.who studies hard.who speaks in class
19、who plays with firewho heard the news第三十八页，共68页。v(3)there be 开头的句子(j zi)，先行词是人，用who,(不用that)不可省略vThere is a boy _who wants to see you 第三十九页，共68页。(4)定语从句中的谓语定语从句中的谓语(wiy)动词与先行词有动词与先行词有关关Anyone who _(break)the law will be punished Those who _(break)the law will be punished.先行词由先行词由 one of 修饰，定语从句中的谓语修
20、饰，定语从句中的谓语(wiy)动词用复数动词用复数He is one of the best players who _(be)liked by many people.He is one of the students who _ (study)hard.breaksbreakarestudy第四十页，共68页。b.先行词由先行词由 the only/very one of 修饰时，定修饰时，定语从句中的谓语动词语从句中的谓语动词(dngc)用单数用单数He is the only one of the best players who _(be)liked by many people.T
21、om is the only one of the students who _(be)from the countryside.isis第四十一页，共68页。二 whom 引导的定语(dngy)从句（1）先行词是人，在从句中作宾语，此时也可用who(口语)，whom,也可用that.可也省略The doctor(whom/that)you are waiting for is in the room.Do you know the girl(whom/that)Mr.Li often talks to.The man(whom/that)you met just now is my fath
22、er.The engineer(whom/that)my father works with is about 50 years old.第四十二页，共68页。The policeman(whom/that)you can turn to for help is my brother.The man(whom/that)the girl falls in love with is my father.第四十三页，共68页。v三 whose 引导的定语从句(cn j)v在句中作定语，其后接名词，名词与先行词构成从属关系，既指人也指物。不可省略vThis is the writer whose n
23、ame is known.v =the name of whomv =of whom the namevb.The river whose banks are covered with trees is long.v =the banks of whichv =of which the banks第四十四页，共68页。c.His parents wouldnt let him marry any body whose family was poor.=the family of whom=of whom the familyd.Have you seen the film“Titanic”,_
24、 leading actor is world-famous.=the leading actor of which=of which the leading actore.Do you know the boy _ father died in the fire =the father of whom =of whom the father.whose whose第四十五页，共68页。f.The college wont take on anyone _ eyesight is weak.=the eyesight of whom=of whom the eyesighth.This is
25、the house the window _ faces south.i.Mr.Wang is a boss,_(李平在他的工厂(gngchng)工作)whoseof whichin whose factory LiPing workswhose factory Li Ping works in第四十六页，共68页。四 as 引导的限定从句，可指人或物，在从句中作主语，宾语，表语(bioy)，先行词常有such,the same,as 等词修饰。（1）the same.as.;和.一样I like the same book as you describe.I like to wear the
26、 same clothes as you wear.Wed like to have the same haircut as Mr.Li has.第四十七页，共68页。v(2)such.as;如此如此.;这样的这样的.;soasvWe have read such a book as was talked about at yesterdays meeting.v(as在从句中作主语在从句中作主语)v我们已经读过昨天在会议上被谈论我们已经读过昨天在会议上被谈论(tnln)的那的那本书。本书。vHe isnt such a man as he used to be.v(as在从句中作表语在从句中
27、作表语)vHere is so heavy a box as can be lifted by nobody.v（as在从句中作主语）在从句中作主语）v这里有一个没有人能搬得动的重箱子这里有一个没有人能搬得动的重箱子第四十八页，共68页。He is such a man as is always complaining about something.他就是这样一个一直抱怨的人他就是这样一个一直抱怨的人(as在从句中作主语在从句中作主语)（3）区别区别 the same as.;the samethat 同一类同一类 同一个同一个This is the same watch as I lost
28、.（这块手表和我丢的一样（这块手表和我丢的一样(yyng)）This is the same watch that I lost,give me,please，Ill use it.（这就是我丢的那块手表（这就是我丢的那块手表）第四十九页，共68页。(4)区别区别 suchas.;(as引导定语从句，从句中动引导定语从句，从句中动词之后不再有宾语词之后不再有宾语)such.that（that 后引导结果状语从句，动作后引导结果状语从句，动作(dngzu)之后有宾语）之后有宾语）This is such a heavy box as no one can lift.动词后面没有宾语了，动词后面没
29、有宾语了，as在从句中作宾语在从句中作宾语(定从定从)This is such a heavy box that no one can lift it.动词后面有动词后面有it 做宾语，做宾语，that 后面是结果状语从句。后面是结果状语从句。He is such a good teacher as we all like He is such a good teacher that we all like him 第五十页，共68页。五 which 引导的限定从句，只指物，不指人。1.先行词是物，在从句中作主语，此时=that,不可省略（1）他不在（刚才到达的）火车上。（2）（正在被建设的）
30、楼房(lufng)有30多米高（3）（被你刚才寻找的）那个男孩在这。第五十一页，共68页。He is not in the train that/which arrived just nowThe building which/that is being built is 30 meters high.The boy _is here.who was looked for by you第五十二页，共68页。（4）（矗立在那边的）楼房是我们的实验室。2.先行词是物，在从句中作宾语，此时=that，可以省略（1）他回来取（他落下的）那本书。（2）（你给我的）那块手表走的准。（3）（你正在(zhng
31、zi)找的）那本书在这。（4）（我哥哥正在(zhngzi)谈论的）那本书是汤姆的。第五十三页，共68页。4.从句中动词与介词(jic)连用，或动词与副词连用，可以用 介词(jic)+which，的结构。Can you lend me the magazine _ you talked yesterday?The car _ he spent 2000 yuan is made in Jilin.The car _ he paid 2000 yuan is made in Jilin.about whichon whichfor which第五十四页，共68页。v5.只能用只能用which 不能
32、用不能用that特殊情况特殊情况v（1）关系代词钱面有介词时，不能用）关系代词钱面有介词时，不能用thatvThe car for which he paid 2000 yuan,is made in Jilin.v(2)一个句子中有两个定语一个句子中有两个定语(dngy)从句，其从句，其中一个用了中一个用了that，另一个用，另一个用which，以避免重，以避免重复复vLet me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.v(3)关系代词后面有插入语时，不能用关系代词后面有插
33、入语时，不能用that。vHere is the English grammar book which,as I have told you,will help improve your English.第五十五页，共68页。1.Isthisthefactory_heworkedtenyearsago?A.thatB.whereC.whichD.theone2.Isthisfactory_someforeignfriendsvisitedlastFriday?A.ThatB.whereC.whichD.theoneExercise第五十六页，共68页。3.Maythefourthistheda
34、y_weChinesepeoplewillneverforget.A.whichB.whenC.onwhichD.aboutwhich4.Isthatthereason_youareinfavoroftheproposal?A.whichB.whatC.whyD.forthat第五十七页，共68页。5.Ilikethesecondfootballmatch_washeldlastweek.A.whichB.whoC.thatD./6.Iwillneverforgettheday_westudiedtogether.A.atwhichB.onthatC.atthatD.onwhich第五十八页，
35、共68页。7.IshouldliketousethesameTVset_isusedinyourclassroom.A.whichB.whoC.asD.whose8.TheSecondWorldWar_millionsofpeoplewerekilledendedin1945.A.onwhichB.whereC.inthatD.duringwhich第五十九页，共68页。9.Whocanthinkofasituation_thisidiomcanbeused?A.whichB.thatC.whereD.inthat10.Weretalkingaboutthepianoandthepianist
36、_wereintheconcertweattendedlastnight.A.whichB.whomC.whoD.that第六十页，共68页。11.Ihavemanybooks,someof_areonchemistry.A.ThemB.thatC.whichD.those12.Idontlike_youspeaktoher.A.thewayB.thewayinthatC.thewaywhichD.thewayofwhich第六十一页，共68页。13.Canyoutellmethenameofthefactory_youvisitedlastweek?A.whatB.whereC./D.whe
37、n14.Icanstillrememberthesitting-room_mymotherandIusedtositintheevening.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where第六十二页，共68页。v1 Whenever I met her,_was fairly often.v she greeted me with a sweet smile.vA who B which C when D thatv2 Because of the financial crisis,days are gone _local 5-star hotels charged 6000 yuan
38、for one night.vA if B when C which D since第六十三页，共68页。v3 Last week,only two people came to look at the house _wanted buy it vA none of them B both of them vC none of whom D neither of whom v4The dictionary,_ the cover is broken,is Toms vA of it B whose C of which D for whichv5On the table,she found a
39、 piece of paper _ some Japanese wordsvA which were written B on which were written C that was written D on that were written 第六十四页，共68页。v6.I was given 3 books on writing,the first _ I really enjoyed.vA of that B of which C which D thatv7 She was educated at Shangdong University,_ she went on to have
40、 her advanced study abordvA after which B from which C from that D after that第六十五页，共68页。v8.I will never forget the day _ I joined the League vA which B that C on which D wherev9.Is this the reason _ he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work.vA what B how C why D that v10.We are ta
41、lking about the subject _ importance I havent realized yetvA which B that C of which D whosev11.The house _ we live is very large vA at which B in which C which D on which 第六十六页，共68页。v12.The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year.80%_ are sold abroadvA of which B which of C of the
42、m D of that v13 Recently I bought a vase,_ was very reasonable vA the price of whose B its price C which price D the price of which14.Luckily wed brought a road map without _ we would have lost our way A it B that C this D which 第六十七页，共68页。15.She brought many books yesterday _ many are written in En
43、glish A of which B in which C which D of that 16 It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year,_ for the first time in years their team won the World Cup A that B while C which D when 17.Gun control is a subject _ Americans have argued for a long time A of which B with which C about which D into which 第六十八页，共68页。