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1、InstrumentalAnalysis仪器分析考试时间：7月10日8:00-9:402IntroductiontoOpticalSpectroscopicMethods光分析法导论Electromagneticradiation电磁辐射Waveproperties光的波动性=CParticleproperties光的粒子性E=h=hC/ComponentsofOpticalInstruments光谱仪器的构造Stableradiantsource辐射源（常见的光源）Wavelengthselector（Monochromators）波长选择器（单色器）Prism棱镜Grating光栅Prin
2、ciplesandperformancecharacteristics分光原理和光学特性（GratingformulaandResolvingpower）EffectofslitwidthonresolutionW=D-1STransparentcontainerforholdingthesample样品盛装容器Radiationdetector辐射检测器Signalprocessorandreadout信号处理和读数装置Chapter3.IntroductiontoAtomicOpticalSpectroscopy原子光谱法导论AtomicSpectra原子光谱TypesofOpticalA
3、tomicSpectraAtomicLineWidthsandsourcesoflinebroadening影响谱线变宽的因素MethodsforAtomizingandIntroducingSample试样原子化和导入方法Chapter4.AtomicAbsorptionSpectrometryandAtomicFluorescenceSpectrometry原子吸收和原子荧光光谱法BasicprinciplesandprocessofAASAtomicAbsorptionInstrumentation:componentsandfunctionsRadiationsource:Hollow
4、CathodeLamps空心阴极灯,whyHCL?Atomizer原子化器（工作流程和特点、区别）Flame火焰原子化器（火焰的类型和特点）Graphitefurnace石墨炉原子化器InterferencesinAAS原子吸收法的干扰Spectralinterferences光谱干扰(Backgroundinterference背景干扰)Chemicalinterferences化学干扰（电离干扰）AtomicFluorescenceSpectrometry原子荧光光谱法AFS产生、仪器SourceLampAtomizerWavelengthselectorDetectorSignalpro
5、cessorandreadoutChapter5AtomicEmissionSpectroscopy原子发射光谱法BasicprinciplesandprocessofAES基本原理和过程InstrumentationofAES仪器Sources光源(四种光源的特点和应用)Direct-currentarcs直流电弧Alternating-currentarcs交流电弧High-voltageSparks高压火花InductivelyCoupledPlasma电感耦合等离子体光源（ICP）Qualitativeanalysis定性分析基本原理、常用术语和常用方法QuantitativeAnal
6、ysis定量分析赛伯罗马金公式I=acb内标法的原理SourceMonochromatorSystemDetector/ReadoutSystemChapter6.Ultraviolet-VisibleAbsorptionSpectrometry紫外-可见分光光度法Measurementsofabsorbance吸光度的测定Instrumentation仪器Basiccomponentsandfunctions基本构造和各部分的功能GenerationofUV-VisabsorptionspectraTypesofelectronictransitionsinorganicmolecules有
7、机分子中的电子跃迁类型Fundamentalterms常见有机化合物的紫外-可见吸收光谱EffectofSolvents(溶剂效应)Wavelength selectorSamplecontainerdetectorSourceDataprocessorandReadoutsystemChapter7.MolecularLuminescenceSpectrometry分子发光光谱法FluorescenceandPhosphorescence荧光和磷光光谱法RadiativeandNonradiativerelaxation辐射和非辐射驰豫（术语）Variablesthataffectfluor
8、escenceandphosphorescence影响If、Ip的因素EffectofConjugation共轭Structuralrigidity刚性Substitution取代基（Heavy-atomeffect重原子效应）Fluorescence&phosphorescenceInstrumentation仪器构造特点（垂直光路）荧光光谱法特点：高灵敏度、高选择性SourceexselectorcuvetteemselectorDetectorAmplifier&RecorderI0IIFChapter8.Potentiometry电位分析法FundamentalmechanismofI
9、SE离子选择性电极的原理GenerationofmembranepotentialPotentialofionselectiveelectrodeClassificationandPropertiesofISEGlassElectrodes玻璃电极：原理和特性FluorideElectrode氟电极：原理和干扰GasSensingElectrodes气敏电极PerformanceCharacteristicsofISE离子选择性电极的性能特点Potentiometricselectivitycoefficient电位选择性系数及其应用QuantitativeAnalysisIonicStren
10、gthAdjustmentBuffer离子强度调节缓冲溶液Methodsofdeterminingactivity(orconcentration)活度或浓度的测定相关计算Errorinpotentiometry电位分析法的误差（Emv）Chapter9.ElectrolyticAnalysisandCoulometry电解和库仑分析法GeneralprinciplesofElectrolyticAnalysis电解分析基本原理分解电压、析出电位PolarizationandOvervoltages(极化与过电位)电解时离子的析出次序及完全程度Faradayslaw法拉第定律Electroly
11、ticAnalysisanditsApplicationCoulometry(库仑分析法)FundamentalrequirementsofcoulometryanalysisControlled-potentialCoulometryorPotentiostaticCoulometry(恒电位库仑分析法)Coulometrictitration库仑滴定法（相关计算）Chapter10PolarographyandVoltammetry极谱和伏安分析法整体电解和部分电解方法的区别GeneralprinciplesofPolarography经典极谱法基本原理（三电极体系）Generationo
12、fPolarographicWave极谱波的产生DiffusionCurrentatDroppingElectrodes扩散电流Interferencingcurrentinpolarography干扰电流（产生和消除）TypicalmethodsforquantitativeanalysisTypesofPolarographicWaves极谱波的类型Reversiblewavesandirreversiblewaves可逆和不可逆波Current/Voltagerelationships极谱波方程式NewTechniquesofPolarographyandVoltammetrySingl
13、e-sweepPolarography单扫描极谱法CyclicVoltammetry循环伏安法PulsePolarography脉冲极谱法StrippingVoltammetry溶出伏安法原理、特点和极谱图如何提高检测灵敏度？Chapter11IntroductiontoChromatographicSeparations色谱分离法导论Basicprocessesforchromatographicseparations色谱分离基本过程Fundamentalterms基本术语Retentionvalue保留值,Zonebandwidth区域宽度,Partitioncoefficientandr
14、atio分配系数和分配比TheoriesforChromatography色谱基本理论Platetheory塔板理论:platenumberandplateheight塔板高度和塔板数Ratetheory速率理论:VanDeemterEquation(范第姆特方程式)ColumnResolutionResolution(分离度)Fundamentalresolutionequation色谱分离基本方程式QualitativeandQuantitativeAnalysis定性和定量分析相关计算Chapter12GasChromatography气相色谱法ComponentsofGCInstrum
15、entation色谱仪构造Detectors:principle,characteristicsandapplicationsOptimizationofExperimentalConditions色谱条件选择Selectionofcarriergasanditsvelocity载气种类及流速选择Selectionofcolumntemperature:TemperatureProgramming程序升温StationaryPhasesofGasChromatography固定相TypesPolarities相对极性Selection:“likedissolveslike”相似相溶Chapte
16、r13HighPerformanceLiquidChromatography（高效液相色谱法HPLC）ApplicationanddifferenceswithGCMethodtoincreasecolumnefficiencyComponentsofHPLCGradientElutionorSolventProgramming（梯度洗脱）Detectors常用检测器原理、特点和应用FourbasictypesofHPLC（基本原理、应用）PartitionChromatography(分配色谱法)NormalandReversedPhaseChromatography正相和反相色谱，洗脱次序Bondedstationaryphase化学键合固定相polarityindexP(极性指数，相关计算)SelectionofmobileandstationaryphaseAdsorptionChromatography(吸附色谱法)Ion-ExchangeChromatography(离子交换色谱法)Size-ExclusionorgelChromatography尺寸排阻色谱法期末考试题型填空（20分，50英文）选择（20分，10个，50英文）名词解释（20分，5个，英文）简答（4题，20分）计算（2题，20分）