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1、 TensesTenses.初中英语八种时态归纳复习初中英语八种时态归纳复习一、一般现在时一、一般现在时二、一般过去时二、一般过去时三、三、一般将来时一般将来时四、四、现在进行时现在进行时五、现在完成时五、现在完成时六、六、过去进行时过去进行时八、过去将来时八、过去将来时 七、过去完成时七、过去完成时to clean the room1.一般现在时：一般现在时：2.一般过去时：一般过去时：3.现在进行时现在进行时：4.过去进行时：过去进行时：5.现在完成时：现在完成时：6.过去完成时：过去完成时：7.一般将来时：一般将来时：8.过去将来时：过去将来时：We We _ the room _ th
2、e room every day.We _ the room just now.We _ the room just now.We _ the room now.We _ the room now.We _ the room at 5:00We _ the room at 5:00Yesterday afternoon.Yesterday afternoon.We _ the room already.We _ the room already.We _ the room before We _ the room before he arrived.he arrived.We _ the ro
3、om tomorrow.We _ the room tomorrow.He said he _ the room next.He said he _ the room next.cleancleaned are cleaning were cleaning have cleaned had cleaned will clean would clean 概念：概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的 某种 状况。Back时时间间状状语语：always,usually,often,sometimes,every week(day,year,month),once a week,on Sundays
4、,etc.基本结构基本结构：be动词；行为动词1.The boy usually _(play)football after school.2.There _(be)many people in the world.3.The sun _(rise)in the east and _(set)in the west.一般现在时一般现在时否定形式：否定形式：am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加dont,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesnt，同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还
5、原行为动词。1.He does his homework every day.(改为否定句）He _ _his homework every day.2.Mr.Smith has a meeting every week.(改为否定）Mr.Smith _ _a meeting every week.doesntdodoesnthave1.I often go shopping on Sundays.2._ you often _ shopping on Sundays?2.Tom always has a shower in the morning.3._ Tom always _ a sho
6、wer in the morning?DogoDoeshave 知识扩展：一般现在时表将来知识扩展：一般现在时表将来1）下列动词：下列动词：come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return的一般现在时表将来。这主要用来表示在时间上已的一般现在时表将来。这主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。确定或安排好的事情。The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.When does the bus star?It stars in ten minutes.2）倒装句，表示动作正在进行，如：倒装句，表示动作正在进行，如：Here co
7、mes the bus.=The bus is coming.There goes the bell.=The bell is ringing.3）在时间或条件句中。在时间或条件句中。When Bill comes(不是不是will come),ask him to wait for me.Ill write to you as soon as I arrive there.4）在动词在动词hope,take care that,make sure that等后等后。I hope they have a nice time next week.Make sure that the window
8、s are closed before you leave the room1.They usually have lunch at factory.They usually have lunch at factory_ _?2.The boy hardly knows anything about it.The boy hardly knows anything about it,_ _?donttheydoeshe反义疑问句：反义疑问句：肯定的陈述句+否定的疑问句；否定的陈述句+肯定的疑问句。特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句的语序。1.He weighs 70 kilogra
9、ms.How much does he weigh?2.We have a class meeting once a week.How often do you have a class meeting?概念：概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。时间状语：时间状语：ago,yesterday,the day before yesterday,last week(year,night,month),in 1989,just now,at the age of 5,one day,long long ago,once upon a time,etc.基本结构：基本
10、结构：be动词；行为动词Back否定形式：否定形式：was/were+not;在行为动词前加didnt，同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。一般过去时一般过去时用在条件句中表示与现在或将来事实不符的虚拟语气。用在条件句中表示与现在或将来事实不符的虚拟语气。If I were a bird,I would fly to Beijing.If he were here now,we could turn to him for help.1.I _ in that university ten years ago.（
11、be)2.They at home at that time.(be)3.She well when I last saw her.(not look)Back 6.you well last night?(sleep)7.It on a cold winter morning.(happen)4.Mary at school yesterday.(not be)5.They told me that the rats a real problem around here.(be not)wasweredidnt lookwasntwerentDidsleephappened概念：概念：表示现
12、阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。时间状语：时间状语：now,at the moment,these days,etc.或引起对方注意的词，如：look,listening,stop talking,等。基本结构：基本结构：am/is/are+doing 否定形式：否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.一般疑问句一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。Back现在进行时现在进行时 1.表示现在表示现在(指说话人说话时指说话人说话时)正在发生的事情。例正在发生的事情。例如：如：We are waiting for you.2.习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未习惯进行：表示长期
13、的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。例如：必正在进行。例如：Mr.Green is writing another novel.(说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。)She is learning piano under Mr.Smith.3.表示渐变的动词有：表示渐变的动词有：get,grow,become,turn,run,go,begin等。等。The leaves are turning red.Its getting warmer and warmer.4.与与always,constantly,forever 等词连用，表示反复等词连用，表示
14、反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。You are always changing your mind.知识扩展：不用进行时的动词知识扩展：不用进行时的动词知识扩展：不用进行时的动词知识扩展：不用进行时的动词 1)1)事实状态的动词。事实状态的动词。事实状态的动词。事实状态的动词。如：如：have,belong,cost,include,contain,matter,weigh,measure,continue I have two brothers.This house belongs to my sister.2)
15、2)心理状态的动词。心理状态的动词。心理状态的动词。心理状态的动词。如：如：know,realize,think see,believe,suppose,imagine,agree,recognize,remember,want,need,forget,prefer,mean,understand,love,hate I need your help.He loves her very much.3)3)瞬间动词。瞬间动词。瞬间动词。瞬间动词。如：如：accept,receive,complete,finish,give,allow,decide,refuse.I accept your ad
16、vice.4)4)系动词。系动词。系动词。系动词。如：如：seem,remain,lie,see,hear,smell,feel,taste,get,become,turn You seem a little tired.Back1.It is six oclock now.Jack _newspapers.(deliver)2.It is late at night._the twins still _TV?(watch)3.Dont shout.Our teachers _an important meeting in the next room?(have)4.A:Where is yo
17、ur monitor?B:He _a model ship in the classroom.(make)5._you_ better today?(feel)6.Spring is here.It_warmer and warmer.(get)概念：概念：1、表示过去某一时刻或某段时间正在发生或进行的行为或动作。时间状语：时间状语：at that time,this time yesterday,at eight oclock last night,from May to October last year 等。基本结构：基本结构：was/were+doing否定形式：否定形式：was/we
18、re+not+doing.一般疑问句：一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。Back过去进行时过去进行时 2、表示过去的一个动作发生的时候，另一个动作正在进行。以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。1.-_ he _ TV this time yesterday?-No,he _.(watch)2.They _(not do)homework when I got back.3.When I called him,he _(have)dinner.Back4.While Mary _(work)as a waitress,her friends _(study)at univer
19、sity.概念：概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或某个从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。时间状语时间状语：already,yet,never,ever,just,before,twice recently,lately,in the past few years,since for,etc.基本结构：基本结构：have/has+done 否定形式：否定形式：have/has+not+done.一般疑问句一般疑问句:把 have或has 放于句首。Back现在完成时现在完成时1.She _(finish)doing her homework yet.2.The rai
20、n_(stop).Shall we go on with our football match?3.-_ you _(wait)long?-No,just a few minutes.4.I _(not see)her for three years.5.I _(be)here since last October.6.Look!I _(catch)a big fish.Back概念：概念：在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生的动作，即“过去的过去”。时间状语：常与时间状语：常与by,before 等构成的短语连用，也可与等引导的从属句连用。基本结构：基本结构：had+done否定形式：否定形式：
21、had+not+done一般疑问句：一般疑问句：had放于句首Back过去完成时过去完成时1.By the end of that year Henry_(collect)more than a thousand foreign stamps.2.They _(reach)the village before 6 p.m.3._you _(get)everything ready before your mother came back yesterday?4.When the police got there,the thief _(go)away.5.He said she _(work)
22、as a reporter since 1995.Back概念：概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。时间状语：时间状语：this evening,tomorrow,next day(week,month,year),soon,before long,in a few minutes,sooner or later,this coming Sunday,etc.基本结构：基本结构：am/is/are/going to+do；will/shall+do否定形式：否定形式：am/is/are+not;will+not+do/shall+not+do一般疑问句：一般疑问句：b
23、e放于句首；will/shall提到句首Back一般将来时一般将来时决定和安排也表示决定和安排也表示自然现象自然现象观点意识和主观意图观点意识和主观意图shall用于第一人称，常被用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。所代替。will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。Which paragraph shall I read first？Will you be at home at seven this evening?2)be going to+不定式，表示将来。不定式，表示将来。a.主语的意图，即将做某事或打算做某事。主语的意
24、图，即将做某事或打算做某事。What are you going to do tomorrow?b.计划，安排要发生的事。计划，安排要发生的事。The play is going to be produced next month.c.有迹象要发生的事有迹象要发生的事Look at the dark clouds;there is going to be a storm.3)be+不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。We are to discuss the report next Saturday.4)be about to+不定式，意为马上做
25、某事。不定式，意为马上做某事。He is about to leave for Beijing.注意：注意：注意：注意：be about to 不能与不能与tomorrow,next week 等表示明确将来时的时间等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。状语连用。be going to/willbe going to/will的用法之比较：的用法之比较：的用法之比较：的用法之比较：用于条件句时，用于条件句时，be going to表将来，表将来，will表意愿。表意愿。例如：例如：If you are going to make a journey,youd better get ready for
26、 it as soon as possible.Now if you will take off your clothes,we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror.be tobe to和和和和be going to be going to 的用法之比较：的用法之比较：的用法之比较：的用法之比较：be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事。而表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事。而be going to 则表示主观的打算或计划。例如：则表示主观的打算或计划。例如：I am to play football tomorrow a
27、fternoon.(客观安排客观安排)Im going to play football tomorrow afternoon.(主观安主观安排排)1.We _(help)Grandma Li with the housework this coming Saturday.2.What _we _(do)next?3._ you _(help)him with his lessons tonight?4.There _(be)a football match tomorrow afternoon.5.We _(not plant)trees along the river this year.
28、6.I_(tell)him the news as soon as he comes here.7.I _(go)for a picnic if it rains.8.They say that it _(be)good weather tomorrow.Back概念：概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。时间状语：时间状语：the next day(morning,year),the following day/week/month基本结构：基本结构：was/were/going to+do；would/should+do否定形式：否定形式：was/were/not+go
29、ing to+do;would/should+not+do一般疑问句：一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；would/should 提到句首。Go过去将来时过去将来时 1.He said he _(not come)back the next day.2.He told me that he _(not be)a teacher when he grew up.3.They never knew what _(happen)to the world in a hundred years.4.I wasnt sure if he _(speak)at the meeting.5.He prom
30、ised he _(help)us with the work.Back.几种常见时态的相互转换几种常见时态的相互转换 英语中的几种时态在一定情况下可以互相转换，以下是几种常见的转换形式：一、一般过去时与现在完成时的转换 在现在完成时中，延续性动词能与表示一段时间的状语连用，瞬间动词却不能。但是，可用别的表达方式：瞬间动词用于“一段时间+ago”的一般过去时的句型中；瞬间动词可改成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语，与一段时间连用；瞬间动词用于“It is+一段时间+since+一般过去时”的句型中，表示“自从以来有时间”的意思，主句一般用it is来代替It has been;瞬间动词用于“Som
31、e time has passed since+一般过去时”的句型中。Go 1.Two years has passed since he joined the League.BackIt is two years since he joined the League.2.He has been in the League for two years.He joined the League two years ago.二、一般现在时与现在进行时的转换 在一般现在时中，at加上名词表示“处于某种状态”，如at work（在工作）,at school（上学、上课）等。此短语可与进行时态转换。e.
32、g.Peter is at work,but Mike is at play.=Peter is working,but Mike is playing.三、现在进行时与一般将来时的转换 在现在进行时态中go,come,leave,start,arrive等动词常与表示将来的时间状语连用表示将要发生的动作。如：I am coming,Mum!意为“我就来，妈妈！”e.g.The train is leaving soon.=The train will leave soon.四、“be going to+动词原形”与“will(shall)+动词原形”结构的转换 “be going to+动词
33、原形”、表示打算、计划要做的事；将来时“will(shall)+动词原形”结构在书面语中，当主语为第一人称时，常用助动词shall。在口语中，所有人称都可以用will。e.g.We are going to visit the Great Wall next Sunday.=We shall visit the Great Wall next Sunday.中考动词时态考点分析中考动词时态考点分析 一、根据时间状语确定时态的原则1.Hurry up!The play for ten minutes.A.has begun B.had begun C.has been on D.began 析
34、1.C。since后接时间的起点，for后接时间段，主句动词用现在完成时，应注意瞬间动词与延续性动词的使用。二、在复合句根据时态呼应确定时态的原则 2.Do you know if back next week?If he back,please let me know.A.he comes;will come B.will he come;comes C.he will come;comes D.will he come;will come 析 2.C。if既可引导宾语从句，也可引导状语从句。充当宾语从句的连接词时，相当于whether，词义是“是否”。充当状语从句的连接词时，词义是“如果”
35、。从时态看，if引导宾语从句时谓语动词的时态应根据主句的时态作相应的变化；引导表示将来动作或状态的条件句时，若主句用一般将来时，则从句通常用一般现在时表示将来。三、根据上下文已有时态信息点确定时态的原则3.When this kind of computer?-Last year.A.did;use B.was;used C.is;used D.are;used 析 3.B。此例由下句的时间状语推断出一般过去时态，并且要考虑到被动语态。四、利用上下文语意确定时态的原则4.Hi!Lin Tao.I didnt see you at the party.-Oh,I ready for the ma
36、ths exam.A.am getting B.was getting C.got D.have got 析 4.B。此例由didnt,at the party推断出应用过去进行时。五、时态中的“特殊”对策的原则 5.The teacher told us yesterday that December 25 Christmas Day.A.is B.was C.has been D.will be Go析 5.A。有些动词其动词的时态是“违背常理”的。如宾语从句表示的是一个客观事实或客观真理时，其时态不受主句限制而用一般现在时表示。.中考实战题练兵中考实战题练兵A)A)用所给词的正确形式填空
37、用所给词的正确形式填空用所给词的正确形式填空用所给词的正确形式填空:1.1.MrMr Brown Brown will will go go fishing fishing if if it it (not(not rain)rain)tomorrow.tomorrow.2.I think he 2.I think he (be)back in a week(be)back in a week3.Who 3.Who (knock)at the door?(knock)at the door?-I dont know.Let me go and see.-I dont know.Let me g
38、o and see.4.4.Bill Bill is is strict strict with with himself.himself.He He never never (leave)(leave)todays todays work work for tomorrow.for tomorrow.5.5.-your your uncle uncle (return)(return)the the video video tapes tapes to to MrMr Fox?Fox?-No.Theyre still in his bedroom.-No.Theyre still in hi
39、s bedroom.doesnt raindoesnt rainwill bewill beis knockingis knockingleavesleavesHasHasreturnedreturned6.By the end of last term,they 6.By the end of last term,they (work)there for ten(work)there for ten years.years.7.Mr.Wang 7.Mr.Wang (read)a newspaper in the office at this (read)a newspaper in the
40、office at this time yesterday.time yesterday.8.Mr.Green and his wife 8.Mr.Green and his wife (live)in London for a few years (live)in London for a few years before they before they (come)to work in China in 2001.(come)to work in China in 2001.9.They never knew what 9.They never knew what (happen)to
41、the world in a (happen)to the world in a hundred years.hundred years.1010.About 400 years ago,Galileo(.About 400 years ago,Galileo(伽利略伽利略伽利略伽利略)proved that the earth)proved that the earth (go)around the sun.(go)around the sun.had workedhad workedwas readingwas readinghad livedhad livedcamecamewouldw
42、ould happenhappengoesgoesGoB)根据汉语意思，完成下列句子根据汉语意思，完成下列句子:1.When I got to the cinema,(电影已 经开始了).2.(有一场音乐会)a concert tomorrow afternoon.3.Its three years since he (入团).4.Please let me know (他一回来).5.I (正要入睡)when there was a loud knock at the door.the film had already been on the film had already been onThere is going to be/will beThere is going to be/will bejoined the Leaguejoined the Leagueas soon as he comes backas soon as he comes backwas just falling asleepwas just falling asleepThats all for today.Goodbye!