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1、20222023学年佛山市普通高中高三教学质量检测（一）英语2022. 12本试卷共8页满分120分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项：1答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改 动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本 试卷上无效。因不考听力，试卷从第二部分的“阅读”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATota
2、l Solar Eclipse 2023 AustraliaOne of natures most remarkable events-a total solar eclipse（日 蚀）一will take place on the western edge of Australia on April 20th, 2023 and we have chosen the perfect way for you to enjoy this event: on a cruise（航游）at sea.There have been only five total solar eclipses in
3、Australia over the past century and this is the first hybrid eclipse in more than 1000 years. Unlike other cruises for this event, ours has the well-known astronomer Abigail Beall to accompany you. You will have the best possible view of the event as well as enjoying lectures and stargazing on land
4、and at sea. Abigail will be on hand throughout, giving lectures on the history and science of eclipses, the black hole at the centre of the galaxy-along with providing many opportunities for guided stargazing. Plus, there will be additional talks from the Astronomical Society of Australia. Click her
5、e for detailed arrangements of the tour.Single occupancyPer guest based on two people sharingInterior cabin 2,4291,699Oceanview cabin 3, 2292, 199If you wish to add a third adult or child （o your room, please ask for a quote.Alongside the cruise, you can also explore some of Australias best scientif
6、ic and natural phenomena with a series of tailored add-on tours covering astronomy on the cast coast and visits to Uluru. Sydney, the Great Barrier Reef and much more. On the Iasi day of （he tour, we can send you back to the airport for your return journey home, or you can join one of our add-on tou
7、rs. Click here for full details about add-on tours.I. What makes the cruise different from others?A. A specialists guidance.B. A talk with astronomers.C. A chance for stargazing D. A meeting with astronauts.2. How much should a couple pay for a tour in a Ocean view cabin?A. 3,229.B. 2, 199.C. .6,458
8、D. 4,398.3. What is the purpose of the text?A. To celebrate a historic event.B. To advertise a special cruise.C To introduce a travel agency.D. To explain a natural phenomenon.BDcvezas mother was on the waiting list fbr a kidney transplant（肾移植）.Deveza wanted to donate one of her own kidneys-but she
9、was turned down because she might develop the same health problems as her mother in later life.Deveza came up with a different plan. In 2017, she started the worlds first paired exchange of different organs between living donors, exchanging half her liver（肝）fbr someone elses kidney. A case study of
10、the organ exchange has now been published, and the surgeons who were involved are calling for more exchanges like this. “You can imagine the enormous impact fbr mixed organ extended chains,M says John Roberts, a surgeon at University of California, San Francisco.Most organ transplants come from peop
11、le who have died, but there are never enough organs. As most people can manage with just one of their kidneys, people with kidney failure are increasingly receiving donated organs from relatives or friends. If someone wants to donate but iheii* immune（免疫的）system is unsuited, doctors may be able to f
12、ind pairs of would-be donors who can each give a kidney to the others relative.When Deveza was looking into such chains, she came across research describing the idea of trading a kidney with the only other organ generally taken from a living donorthe liver. She suggested the idea to many hospitals b
13、efore she finally contacted Roberts, who saw the ideas potential.Deveza was assessed to be in good enough health to donate part of her liver. 1（ then took 18 months to find Annie Simmons, in Idaho, whose liver was unsuitable to use as a transplant fbr her sister with severe liver disease. They drew
14、up a plan: Simmons would donate a kidney to Deveza5s mother, and in return, Deveza would give half her liver to Simmons sister. The hospital gave the go-ahcad and the four operations took place on the same day successfully.The team hope that the ground-breaking case will inspire more people to consi
15、der doing the same. Roberts says that direct exchanges involving two donors could enable up to thirty extra living-donor liver transplants a year-a ten percent increase.4. What did Deveza do to save her mother?A. Carrying out a case study.B. Calling for kidney donations.C. Launching a medical experi
16、ment.D. Trading half her liver fbr a kidney.5. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?A. Patients desperation to survive.B. Several sources of organ donation.C. Current situation of organ transplants.D. Doctors efforts to improve organ transplants.6. What can be inferred about the organ exchange be
17、tween Deveza and Simmons?A. It discouraged organ donation.B. It brought two families together.C. It met with widespread approval.D. It produced a desirable outcome.7. What is the best title for the text?A. My Liver, Your KidneyMothers Love, Our Happiness8. Organ Transplant: Blessing for PatientsD Or
18、gan Exchange: Major Medical AdvancesCIts no secret now that the more time we spend on social media, the more we feel dissatisfied with ourselves. We tend to compare ourselves to influences and celebrities- so its easy to understand how that can affect our confidence.But, how often have you found you
19、rself comparing your life to your friends? Engaging with social media shared by our friends can be more damaging than looking at content shared by celebrities, new research has found.The study looking at how social media affects body image found that any social media engagement was significantly ass
20、ociated with lower appearance satisfaction. Additionally, it found that engaging with content posted by people (he participants knew was more (han twice as damaging as looking at contenl posted by strangers, including celebrities.Viren Swami, Professor of Social Psychology at Anglia Ruskin Universit
21、y, believes (his is partly because we know its hard to attain the lives of celebrities or influences, but when wcrc comparing ourselves to our friends, it feels like we should- or could-live the way they do.u One possible explanation is that people may perceive a post showing appearance as being muc
22、h more attainable if it comes from someone they know, adding expectation or pressure on the person engaging in the post, “ he said. At the same time, people may be more critically engaged with posts by the likes of models and celebrities, and therefore perceive the images they share to be more unrea
23、listic.”This is not just confined to body image though. We all have one area in our lives that triggers(触 发)us. Maybe youve been searching fbr a new job fbr months and you find yourself on social media, envying your school friend who just landed their dream role. Maybe.All this is to say the obvious
24、: wc only see part of peoples lives -and if its getting you down, youre probably comparing your insides to other peoples outsides. Everyone has their struggles and life is indeed not perfect fbranyone. So, put down your phone, get offline, be thankful and try to live your own life. 8. What did the n
25、ew study find?A. Social media invites unfavorable comments.B. Friends posts affect us more than celebrities,.C. Celebrities have a negative influence on our life. D. Body image causes more concern than social life.9 Why are we more likely to compare with our friends according to Swami?A. They serve
26、as role models. B. We know the way they live., C. Their lifestyles arc accessible. D. We are curious about their life. 10. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 6 probably mean? A. Restricted.B. Related.C. Devoted.D. Exposed.11. What does the author suggest people do?A. Find your dream and figh
27、t for it.B. Stop comparing and be yourself.C. Be grateful and lead a perfect life.D. Stop complaining and get down to work.DGiven that the dictionary definition of curiosity is “the desire to know something”, it may be of little surprise that much research has concerned its benefits for education.Co
28、nsider a study at the University of California at Davis in 2014. The researchers first asked each participant to rate their curiosity about learning the answers to a series of questions, such as “What does the term dinosaur actually mean?” The participants then lay in an fMRI brain scanner （扫描仪）whil
29、e the same questions were presented, followed shortly after by the answers. The participants were then tested on （heir recollection of （he facts an hour later.The effects of curiosity on later recall were striking. When the participants were highly curious about a fact, they were 30% more likely to
30、recall it. And this seemed to correspond to heightened activity in areas of the midbrain that release dopamine （多巴月安）.Dopamine is normally associated with reward, but animal studies suggest that it can also enhance the formation of new neural（神经的）connections. It looked as if the feeling of curiosity
31、 was helping prepare the brain to absorb the new and important information, and this then resulted in a more stable memory.Interestingly, the researchers found that the dopamine hit, arising from initial curiosity, could even enhance the memory of incidental information that had no direct relevance
32、to the primary question. To demonstrate this, they had presented random faces alongside the answers to the questions and, an hour later, checked whether the participants still recognized the faces. The analyses showed that the participants were far more likely to remember 04/8the face if it had acco
33、mpanied a question that had awakened their curiosity.This additional, and unexpected, memory boost could be extremely useful whenever were trying to learn something new and complicated. Were unlikely, after all, to find every single element of our studies interesting. But if we can develop some curi
34、osity about at least some of the facts, we may find that the rest of the material also sticks far more easily.12. Which aspect of curiosity did the study focus on?A. Ils scientific definition.B. Its unique characteristics.C. Ils influences on memory.D. Its benefits for brain health.13. What was the
35、purpose of presenting questions to the participants first?A. To assess their learning ability.B To awaken their passion for learning.C. To measure their curiosity about the questions.D. To refresh their memory of extinct wild animals.14. What can be learned about dopamine according to Paragraph 3?A.
36、 It blocks memory.B. It facilitates learning.C. It promotes friendship.D. Il cures neural disorder.15 Which message about learning docs the unexpected finding deliver?A. Generate interest in study.B. Locus on essential information.C. Make learning materials related.D. Attach importance to memorizati
37、on.第二节（共5小题：每小题2. 5分，满分125分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。Camping Tips &Tricks for a Fun TripMany people idealize camping trips as being this easy, effortless encounter with destinations rich with natural landscapes and nights under the stars twinkling in the sky above. 16 Thats why wev
38、e prepared the best camping tips for you!Plan accordingly, and then plan again. When youre out in the middle of nowhere, you have to be equipped to nature challenges. 17 Therefore, a plan for unexpected weather changes is essential to a successful camping trip. For example, consider packing extra su
39、ppliers like blankets. While that might seem like a huge inconvenience, the biggest and real issue occurs when you need something you dont have.Know what you need. 18 Not all beginner campers will need the top-of-thc-linc, latest supplies.Bui you should have at least （he basics! That includes a dece
40、nt tent with enough room for people camping with you, a good sleeping bag appropriate for the season, and other supplies like food and water. Youd better create a convenient checklist that lays out everything that you should consider.19 When youre far away from the major conveniences we rely upon li
41、ke an urgent care center, police stations, and emergency rooms, you should always remember that safety is your first priority! 20 A first aid kit is a great starting point, but its certainly not the end of maximizing your safety eftbrts. Depending on where you plan to camp, youll want to grab these
42、items that cover you in most emergency situations: a pocket knife, a fire starter, and a safety whistle.Ready to go camping? Now you know what to expect and how to prepare for your next camping trip, so you actually have funrain or shine!A. Always choose a safe campsite.B. Never leave home without s
43、afety in mind.C. We encourage you to create a safety supply kit.D. Camping doesnt have to be complicated or expensive.E. A clear 3-day forecast can easily shift into a sudden heavy rain.F. To maximize your comfort, always bring appropriate clothes for cold and rain.G. But for beginner campers, those
44、 expectations can rapidly turn into a mess of reality.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Growing up, my parents never forced me and my brother out of our house in Hounslow, but we werent 21 to live （here forever.My family always had a special 22 for me.
45、 Our parents encouraged us to spend time together: meals were eaten as a family and TV viewing was 23. When 1 went to university al 18,1 knew mymessy student apartments were 24 -my real home was back in Hounslow and I was 25 that I could return whenever I wanted to.When I was 19, my muni passed away
46、. In the following months, I would come back 26 checking in on my dad and 27 him to go shopping and start cooking proper meals. Three years later, I was28 and I moved back. As I looked for work, 1 would 29 the meals were eaten together.30, two sad men living in a house are less of a family. My dad w
47、anted me to get on and live my life rather than stay trapped in our sorrow. Eventually, in 2018,1 got a 3. It was time for me to gain32, and I packed up and left.Next year will be 1（） years since my mum died. Our family home is 33. My mums pictures havebeen replaced with new photographs; her clothes
48、 and scent are gone. But, I am 34 that things havebecome different. Tve realized that the home my mum created isnt just a（n）35- it is something she instilled （灌输）in us.21. A. encouragedB. remindedC. allowedD. persuaded22. A. planB. pullC. requestD. pressure23. A. guaranteedB. sharedC. favoredD. scheduled24. A. inconvenientB. disturbingC. ordinaryD. temporary25. A. concernedB. convincedC. gratefulD. hopeful26. A. secretlyB. hesitantlyC. regularlyD. randomly27. A. urgingB. instructingC. invitingD. forcing28. A. out of tou