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1、2023届河南省郑州外国语学校高三1月调研4英语试题一、阅读理解The Secure ChildM.DStanley Greenspan, M.D. CHILDPublisher: Da Capo Press; ReprintPrint list price: ? 5.99Kindle price: ? 2. 99, save ?3.00In this book, Stanley Greenspan offers a set of guiding principles to help parents of children from preschoolers to teenagers - so
2、 that they feel secure in their homes, their?schools, and in the society at large. He also explains childrens behavior that signals reaction to stress and fears and gives parents concrete suggestions to help children handle their anxieties.Building Healthy MindsBy Stanley Greenspan, M.D. &Nancy Lewi
3、sPublisher: Da Capo PressPrint list price: ?7.99Kindle price: ? 4.49, save ?3.50The book applies Dr. Greenspans developmental theories to a childs everyday life with practical, delightful observations and advice. Every parent wants to raise a bright, happy and moral child, but until Stanley Greenspa
4、n did much research on the building blocks of such qualities, no one could show parents how and when these qualities begin. In this book Dr. Greenspan identifies the six key experiences that make it possible for children to reach their full potential.The Learning TreeBy Stanley Greenspan, M.D. , Nan
5、cy Thorndike GreenspanPublisher: Da Capo PressPrint list price: 711.99Kindle price: ? 7. 99, save ?4.00Using the metaphor （隐喻）of a tree, Dr. Stanley Greenspan explains that the roots represent how children take in the world through what they hear, see, smell, and touch. The trunk represents thinking
6、 skills through which children grow both academically and socially. The branches childrens basic abilities to read, write, dotake him.A. whereverB. howeverC. whicheverD. whateverNo wonder some people dont show sympathy for the victim of the accident. She have observedthe traffic rules.A. mustB. shou
7、ldC. needD. wouldand out of breath, we reached the top of the mountain and stopped the beautifulscenery.A. Exhausting; to admireB. Exhausting; admiringC. Exhausted; to admireD. Exhausted; admiring五、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号单词的正确形式。The hardships involved in building the Great Wall are beyon
8、d imagination. Large numbers of people had to leave their homes and families to go to the north. 61 they worked hard for years. Of the legends about the Great Wall, the story of Lady Meng Jiang is the most 62 (move). Lady Meng Jiang lived during the reign of the First Emperor of Qin. After her husba
9、nd 63( call) up to build the Great Wall, she missedhim so much 64 she traveled many miles to see him but only 65 (tell) that her husband had died and was buried under the Wall. She was 66( extreme) sad and cried for three days and nightsuntil the Great Wall fell down one section after another.Over t
10、he past centuries, the Great Wall 67 (become) a symbol of unity and 68 (strong) for Chinese people. It symbolizes that the great achievement can be made with 69 common will and joined effort. For example, the national anthem, composed during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, called
11、on people to build our new Great Wall 70 our flesh and blood”.六、告知信/通知71.由于疫情(Covid-19)原因，你所在国际学校原定下周举行的生命科学周(Life Sciences Week)将 改为网上进行。你受学生会委托写一则英文通知。内容包括：1 .变更原因；2.具体活动；3.期待参与。 注意：1,词数100左右；.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考答案:16. B?17. F?18. D?19. E?20. C21. C?22. A?23.21. C?22. A?23.B?24. D?25. B?26. C?27. D
12、?28. B?29. A?30. C?31. D?32.D?33. D?34. C?35. C?36. A?37. C?38. B?39. A?40. AD41. BD42. BD43. BD44. CA45. BA46. BA47. AB48. BD49. DB50. Cwhere?62. moving?63. was called?64. that?65. to be told?66. extremely?67. has become?68. strength?69. a?70. with 71. One possible version:NoticeDue to the on-going
13、 concerns regarding COVID-19, we have decided to move our Life Sciences Week, scheduled for May 22-26, to a fully virtual experience.Life Sciences Week is a five-day exploration of the natural world. Lectures to be delivered by distinguished professors will provide you with more insights into rare s
14、pecies of flora and fauna. Besides, you can watch documentaries to get a unique and intimate glimpse into the secretive lives of germs. There will also be a digital exhibition featuring students9 paintings and photographic works, where you will be awed by the beauty of our community.The full list of
15、 events is now available at our school website. Please join us online for an exciting and rewarding experience!The Students9 Union math, and organize their work. Both parents and early learning professionals will especially welcome the part on finding and dealing with learning problems early.The Cha
16、llenging ChildBy Stanley Greenspan, M.D. &Jacqueline SalmonPublisher: Da Capo PressPrint list price: ? 5. 99Kindle price: ? 4. 24, save ?1.75Most children fall into five basic types that come from inborn physical characteristics: the sensitive child, the self-absorbed child, the defiant （反叛的）child,
17、the inattentive child, and the active / aggressive child.Stanley Greenspan, M. D. , is the first to show parents how to match their parenting to the challenges of their particular child.1. Which book saves the most on its Kindle edition?A The Challenging Child.B. The Learning TreeC. Building Healthy
18、 Minds.D. The Secure Child.2. What common theme do the four books carry?A.The types of children.B.Childrens learning abilities.C.Advice on educating children.D.Childrens moral development.3. . What can we know about Stanley Greenspan?A He wrote the four books on hisown.B.He has been working in Da Ca
19、po Press.C.Hes the first to study childrens types.D.He wrote Building Healthy Minds based on his study.Im an American-born Chinese. I wouldnt say Im more American than Chinese or vice versa. My character was equally molded by both cultures. For a long time, I was comfortable with being from two cult
20、ures. I was fluent in “Chinglish”.However, as I grew up, something unexpected rose, causing a parallel tension between the two corresponding cultures. During Chinese events when I was in China, the host would sometimes make fun of America. My relatives would look at me and laugh, asking me how I fel
21、t. But how could I respond to a question like that? If I said I was uncomfortable, it would just make me seem even more American in their eyes. But I couldnt pretend to laugh either. So, I often just stayed quiet and smiled.Sometimes, Id leave China feeling less Chinese than when I went in.This past
22、 summer, on my way back to Rochester, a man at the airport kept asking my father and I where we were from. When I told him I was from the United States, he didnt seem to believe me.He then went on to ask the terrible question, But like where are you really from, like, where were you born?” And no ma
23、tter how specific our answers were, the man still seemed a little doubtful. He then went on to ask us if we knew where Tampa, Florida was and if we knew anything about it. Its moments like these when I realize that sometimes my appearance makes it hard for me to seem fully American.These experiences
24、 made me question if I was more Chinese or American.I felt like I was neither. So, if I wasnt completely one culture or the other, what was I? In China, I would feel more American, while in America, I would feel more Chinese. There was no balance between my two cultures.But this doesnt mean that I d
25、ont embrace （拥抱）both my identities. I love both my Chinese cultural identity and my American one. I just need to learn to love them together.4. How did the author feel about his identity at the very beginning?A. Special.B. Confident. C. Confused.D. Ridiculous.5. Why did the author feel less Chinese
26、when he left China?A. Because he found it hard to remain quiet and have a big smile.B. Because he was unable to speak fluent Chinese at his hometown.C. Because he had lost face in front of his relatives and friends.D. Because he was treated as an American by his Chinese relatives.6. What made the ma
27、n at the airport keep questioning where the author was from?A. His cultures. B. His experience. C. His look.D. His air tickets.7. What could be the best title of the passage?A - Being Culturally HomelessB. A Boy with Two IdentitiesC. A Chinese Boy Born in AmericanD. Better Chinese than AmericanPsych
28、ologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their consequences, argue that rewards can improve performance at work and school. Some other researchers who study various
29、aspects of mental life, believe that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on approval and gifts from others.?The latter view has gained many supporters, especially among educators. But the careful use of small monetary rewards sparks creativity in grade-school children, accordi
30、ng to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psychology .?“If kids know theyre working for a reward and can focus on a relatively challenging task, they show the most creativity/ says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. But its easy to kill creativity by giving
31、 rewards for poor performance or creating too much desire for rewards.”Eisenberger hold the view that a teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands out high grades for ordinary achievement ends up with uninspired students. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing effor
32、ts to tighten grading standards and restore failing grades at major universities .?In earlier grades, the use of so-called token economics, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points toward valued rewards, shows promise in raising effort and creativity, the De
33、laware psychologist claims.8. Psychologists are divided with regard to their attitudes toward.A the choice between moral encouragement and monetary rewardsthe appropriate amount of external monetary rewardsB. the study of relationship between actions and their consequencesthe effects of external rew
34、ards on students performance9. Which of the following can best raise students creativity according to Robert Eisenberger?A. Assigning them tasks they have not dealt with before.B Assigning them tasks which require inventiveness.C. Giving them rewards they really deserve.D. Giving them rewards they h
35、ope for.10. The underlined phrase “token economics” （Sentence 1, Paragraph 5） probably refers to.A. ways to develop economyB. systems of rewarding studentsC. approaches to solving complex problemsD. methods of improving performance11. What is the authors attitude towards the topic?A. OpposedB. Suppo
36、rtive C. ObjectiveD. DoubtfulBacteria and fungi （真菌）might call to mind the images of diseases and spoiled food, but they also do a lot of good. The billions of microbes （微生物）in a handful of dead leaves, for example, act as natures recyclers and regenerate nutrients needed for the next generation of
37、plants to grow.“If it werent fbr bacteria and fungi, wed be surrounded by masses of dead trees and plant matter. So they actually do a really important job.said Sydney Glassman, an assistant professor of the University of California, Riverside.While microbial communities are the engines driving the
38、breakdown of dead plants and animals, little is known about whether they are equipped to handle big changes in climate. In a paper published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Glassman and his colleagues examined what happens after microbial communiti
39、es move into new climate conditions. The study is a first step toward understanding the vulnerability of these ecosystems to climate change.To mimic （模仿）a warming planet, the researchers chose five study sites that differ in climate along the San Jacinto Mountains, three of which are in natural rese
40、rves operated by the University of California. While we know that climate influences how fast microbes can recycle plant material, we dont know how important the particular types of microbes are to recycling,said Jennifer Martiny, co-author of the study.To move the microbial communities around, the
41、researchers contained the microbes in nylon containers with tiny holes. These microbial cages were filled with dead grass and live microbes sourced from each study site.The containers allowed water and nutrients-but not microbes-to move in and out. The amount of grass decayed by the caged microbes w
42、as measured at 6, 12, and 18 months.The study confirmed previous results that sites with moderate climates saw the most rot and therefore were the most effective places for nutrient recycling. Quite surprisingly, however, the source of the microbes also affected the amount of rot. For example, when
43、moved into the drier bushes, grassland-sourced microbes outperformed the bush residents by as much as 40 percent.“We expected to see a home-field advantage9 situation where every microbial community decomposed （分 解）best at its own site, but that wasnt the case J Glassman said. While we know that mic
44、robes decompose plants more slowly in hotter and drier environments, we are just now learning that specific microbial communities play an independent role in decomposition, and it is yet to be seen how these communities will be affected by climate change and desertification.12. The author regards ba
45、cteria and fungi as.A.a double-edged swordB.a natural chemical weaponC.a requirement for evolutionD.a threat to biological diversity13. Which can explain the underlined word “decayed in paragraph 5?A.Totally absorbed.B.Regularly recycled.C.Greedily swallowed.D.Gradually destroyed.14. What can we inf
46、er from the study?A. Climate affects the speed of microbes, recycling plant material.B Microbes from other sites can perform better than the local ones.C. Researchers have found out how desertification impacts microbes.D. Microbes in drier bushes outperformed grassland-sourced microbes.15. Which is
47、the best title of the passage?A. A way to avoid dead trees and plant matterNutrient-recycling microbes may feel the heatB. Home-field advantage doesnt apply to microbesHow climate change improves natures ability to recycle 二、七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。16 But science may have just pr
48、oved them right - because beautiful women are more likely to havedaughters than their plainer counterparts, according to a study. As parents tend to pass on genes that determine looks, this could result in handsome men becoming rather thin on the ground.17 For example,Yasmin Le Bon is signed to the same modelling agency as daughter Amber, and Jerry Halls daughters Elizabeth and Georgia Jagger have both taken to the catwalk. Dr Satoshi Kanazawa, of the London Scho