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1、2023年黑龙江大学英语考试模拟卷（8）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.ABecause they are lack of education.BBecause their parents are not strict with them.CBecause they meet the pressures of entering adulthood.D
2、Because they are encouraged to abuse the alcohol. 2.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.ACouples.BNeighbors.CColleagues.DFriends 3.A Crisis of Confidence for Masters of the Universe Meltdown. Collapse. Depression. Panic, The words would seem to apply equally to the g
3、lobal financial crisis and the effect of that crisis on the human psyche (精神). Of course, it is too soon to judge the tree psychiatric(精神上的) consequences of the economic breakdown; it will be some time before epidemiologists(流行病专家) can tell us for certain whether depression and suicide are on the ri
4、se. But theres no question that the crisis is leaving its mark on individuals, especially men. One patient, a fund analyst, came to me recently in a state of great anxiety. Its bad, but it might get a lot worse, I recall him saying. The anxiety was expected and appropriate: he had lost a great deal
5、of his (and others) assets, and like the rest of us he had no idea where the bottom was. I would have been worried if he hadnt been anxious. Over the course of several weeks, with the help of some anti-anxiety medication, his panic subsided as he realized that he would most likely survive economical
6、ly. But then something else emerged. He came in one (lay looking subdued and plopped(扑通一声落下 ) down in the chair. Im over the anxiety, but now I feel that Im a loser, He was not clinically depressed: his sleep, appetite and ability to enjoy himself outside of work were unchanged. This was different.
7、The problem was that his sense of success and accomplishment was intimately tied to his financial status; he did not know how to feel competent or good about himself without this external measure of his value. He wasnt the only one. Over the last few months, I have seen a group of patients, all men,
8、 who experienced a near collapse in their self-esteem, though none of them were clinically depressed. Another patient summed it. up: I used to be a master-of-the-universe kind of guy, but this cut me down to size. I have plenty of female patients who work in finance at high levels, but none of them
9、has had this kind of psychological reaction. I cant pretend this is a scientific survey, but I wonder if men are more likely than women 1o respond lifts way, At the risk of trading in gender stereotypes, do men rely disproportionately more on their work for their self-esteem than women do Or are the
10、y just more vulnerable to the inevitable narcissistic injury that comes with performing poorly or losing ones job A different patient was puzzled not by his anxiety about the market, but by his total lack of self-confidence. He had always had an easy intuitive feel for finance. But in the wake of th
11、e market collapse, he seriously questioned his knowledge and skill. Each of these patients experienced a sudden loss of the sense of mastery in the face of the financial meltdown and could not judge their success or failure without the only standard they knew -a financial profit. The challenge of ma
12、intaining ones self-esteem without recognition or reward is daunting. Chances are that if you are impervious to self-doubt and go on feeling good about yourself in the face of failure, you have either won the temperamental sweepstakes or you have a real problem tolerating bad news. Of course, the re
13、lationship between self-esteem and achievement can be circular. Some argue that the best way to build self-esteem is to tell people at every turn how nice, smart and talented they are. That is probably a bad idea if you think that self-esteem and recognition should be the result of accomplishment; y
14、ou feel good about yourself, in part, because you have done something well. On the other hand, it is hard to imagine people taking the first step without first having some basic notion of self-confidence. On Wall Street, though, a rising tide lifts many boats and vice versa, which means that there a
15、re many people who succeed-or fail-through no merit or fault of their own. This observation might ease a sense of personal responsibility for the economic crisis, but it was of little comfort to my patients. I think this is because for many of them, the previously expanding market gave them a sense
16、of power along with something as strong as a drug-thrill. The human brain is acutely attuned(使相合) to rewards like money, sex and drugs. It turns out that the way a reward is delivered has an enormous impact on its strength. Unpredictable rewards produce much larger signals in the brains reward circu
17、it than anticipated ones. Your reaction to situations that are either better or worse than expected is generally stronger to those you can predict. In a sense, the stock market is like a vast gambling casino where the reward can be spectacular, but always unpredictable. For many, the lure of investi
18、ng is the thrill of uncertain reward. Now that thrill is gone, replaced by anxiety and fear. My patients lost more than money in the market. Beyond the rush and excitement, they lost their sense of competence and success. At least tempoAthey were master-of-the-universe guysBthey were not successful
19、and accomplished without financial statusCthey didnt have clinical depressionDthey didnt feel confident about themselves without financial status 4.Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.AIt has invented a new medicine.BIt has provided a new guideline of prevention.CIt has a
20、rranged the treatment for the women.DIt distributed the medicines among women. 5.A Crisis of Confidence for Masters of the Universe Meltdown. Collapse. Depression. Panic, The words would seem to apply equally to the global financial crisis and the effect of that crisis on the human psyche (精神). Of c
21、ourse, it is too soon to judge the tree psychiatric(精神上的) consequences of the economic breakdown; it will be some time before epidemiologists(流行病专家) can tell us for certain whether depression and suicide are on the rise. But theres no question that the crisis is leaving its mark on individuals, espe
22、cially men. One patient, a fund analyst, came to me recently in a state of great anxiety. Its bad, but it might get a lot worse, I recall him saying. The anxiety was expected and appropriate: he had lost a great deal of his (and others) assets, and like the rest of us he had no idea where the bottom
23、 was. I would have been worried if he hadnt been anxious. Over the course of several weeks, with the help of some anti-anxiety medication, his panic subsided as he realized that he would most likely survive economically. But then something else emerged. He came in one (lay looking subdued and ploppe
24、d(扑通一声落下 ) down in the chair. Im over the anxiety, but now I feel that Im a loser, He was not clinically depressed: his sleep, appetite and ability to enjoy himself outside of work were unchanged. This was different. The problem was that his sense of success and accomplishment was intimately tied to
25、 his financial status; he did not know how to feel competent or good about himself without this external measure of his value. He wasnt the only one. Over the last few months, I have seen a group of patients, all men, who experienced a near collapse in their self-esteem, though none of them were cli
26、nically depressed. Another patient summed it. up: I used to be a master-of-the-universe kind of guy, but this cut me down to size. I have plenty of female patients who work in finance at high levels, but none of them has had this kind of psychological reaction. I cant pretend this is a scientific su
27、rvey, but I wonder if men are more likely than women 1o respond lifts way, At the risk of trading in gender stereotypes, do men rely disproportionately more on their work for their self-esteem than women do Or are they just more vulnerable to the inevitable narcissistic injury that comes with perfor
28、ming poorly or losing ones job A different patient was puzzled not by his anxiety about the market, but by his total lack of self-confidence. He had always had an easy intuitive feel for finance. But in the wake of the market collapse, he seriously questioned his knowledge and skill. Each of these p
29、atients experienced a sudden loss of the sense of mastery in the face of the financial meltdown and could not judge their success or failure without the only standard they knew -a financial profit. The challenge of maintaining ones self-esteem without recognition or reward is daunting. Chances are t
30、hat if you are impervious to self-doubt and go on feeling good about yourself in the face of failure, you have either won the temperamental sweepstakes or you have a real problem tolerating bad news. Of course, the relationship between self-esteem and achievement can be circular. Some argue that the
31、 best way to build self-esteem is to tell people at every turn how nice, smart and talented they are. That is probably a bad idea if you think that self-esteem and recognition should be the result of accomplishment; you feel good about yourself, in part, because you have done something well. On the
32、other hand, it is hard to imagine people taking the first step without first having some basic notion of self-confidence. On Wall Street, though, a rising tide lifts many boats and vice versa, which means that there are many people who succeed-or fail-through no merit or fault of their own. This obs
33、ervation might ease a sense of personal responsibility for the economic crisis, but it was of little comfort to my patients. I think this is because for many of them, the previously expanding market gave them a sense of power along with something as strong as a drug-thrill. The human brain is acutel
34、y attuned(使相合) to rewards like money, sex and drugs. It turns out that the way a reward is delivered has an enormous impact on its strength. Unpredictable rewards produce much larger signals in the brains reward circuit than anticipated ones. Your reaction to situations that are either better or wor
35、se than expected is generally stronger to those you can predict. In a sense, the stock market is like a vast gambling casino where the reward can be spectacular, but always unpredictable. For many, the lure of investing is the thrill of uncertain reward. Now that thrill is gone, replaced by anxiety
36、and fear. My patients lost more than money in the market. Beyond the rush and excitement, they lost their sense of competence and success. At least tempoAhis anxiety about the marketBhis easy intuitive feel for financeChis lack of self-confidenceDhis knowledge and skill 6.Questions 11 to 18 are base
37、d on the conversation you have just heard.AThe woman forgot to invite Linda.BThe woman has made a perfect preparation.CLinda may help her in preparing the menu.DThe woman has invited many friends. 7.Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.AThe mental disorder is very serious.
38、BMany people are not as serious as theyve been told.CThe symptoms are easy to be defined.DMore and more people are caught by the psychological disorder. 8.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.AHe will practice the songs beforehand.BHe will drink some beers before sing
39、ing.CHe will give the microphone to the other friends.DHe is an outgoing person. 9.Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.ABefore 19th centuryBDuring World War TwoCIn 1978.DIn 1953. 10.If you dream in color, youre not alone: the majority of people today claim to have. colorf
40、ul dreams. But it wasnt always thus. Research conducted in the early part of the last century consistently found that people reported dreaming most often in black and white. According to Eva Murzyn at the University of Dundee, there are at least two possible explanations for this strange anomaly(反常)
41、. The first is methodological. The early studies tended to use questionnaires, whereas more modern studies use dream diaries (filled in upon rising in the morning) or so-called REM-awakening, which involves interrupting peoples dream-filled periods of sleep to find out what they were dreaming about.
42、 Peoples memories of their dreams are likely to be less accurate using the questionnaire approach and more likely to reflect lay(世俗的) beliefs about the form dreams generally take. The second explanation has to do with black and white television and film. Its possible that the boom in black and white
43、 film and television during the first half of the last century either affected the form of peoples dreams at that time, or affected their beliefs about the form dreams generally take. According to Murzyns findings, its the explanation based on media exposure that carries more weight. She used both q
44、uestionnaire and diary methods to study the dreams of 30 older (average age 64) and 30 younger people (average age 21). The methodological technique made no difference to the type of dreams people reported. Crucially, however, across both questionnaires and diaries, the older participants (who had h
45、ad significant early life exposure to black and white media) reported experiencing significantly more black and white dreams over the last ten days than the younger participants (22 per cent vs 4 per cent). Another finding was that older participants reported black and white dreams and color dreams
46、to be of equal vividness. By contrast, the younger participants reported that the quality of black and white dreams was poorer. This raises the possibility that the younger participants didnt really have any black and white dreams at all, but were simply labeling poorly remembered dreams as black an
47、d white. Several awkward questions are left unanswered by this study. Its not clear if the older participants really are experiencing more black and white dreams or if its their memories or beliefs about dreams that is influencing their reports.A disadvantage for the questionnaires method is that_.A
48、peoples dreams were not completedBpeople cant remember their dreams exactlyCit has no connection with peoples diariesDit provides too many choices for people to choose 11.Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.AThey may have a talk with the doctor.BThey may check the symptoms against the guideline.CThey may have a physical examination in the hospital.DThey may answer the questions