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1、2023年甘肃美国护士资格认证(CGFNS)考试考前冲刺卷本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.The nurse is performing a painless, noninvasive procedure to measure arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2). What procedure is itA. Incentive spirometry.B. Arterial blood gas (ABG) measurement.C. Peak
2、 flow measurement.D. Pulse oximetry. 2.A primigravida client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is in labor at term. In preparing her nursing care plan, the nurse should include which of the following nursing diagnosesA. Risk for fetal or maternal injury related to the crisis of childbea
3、ring.B. Risk for infection related to suppressed immune status.C. Risk for deficient fluid volume related to dehydration.D. Risk for fetal injury related to uteroplacental insufficiency. 3.When reporting to the surgeon that a chest tube is malfunctioning, the nurse is ordered to reposition the tube
4、and obtain a chest radiograph. The nurse shouldA. inform the surgeon this isnt within her scope of practice.B. report the surgeon to the Ethics Committee.C. report the surgeon to the nursing supervisor.D. follow the order as requested by the surgeon. 4.A 16-year-old student has been admitted to your
5、 psychiatric unit after fainting in physical education class. She has a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa, weighs 88 lb (40 kg), and is 54 (1.6 m) tall. She has been weighing herself several times per day at home and has lost 30 lb (13.5 kg) in the past 3 months. Which nursing diagnosis would be most ap
6、propriate for the clientA. Disturbed thought processes.B. Impaired adjustment.C. Imbalanced nutrition. Less than body requirements.D. Ineffective sexuality patterns. 5.A 7-year-old boy is hospitalized with cystic fibrosis. To help him manage secretions and avoid respiratory distress, the nurse shoul
7、dA. perform chest physiotherapy every 4 hours.B. give pancreatic enzymes as ordered.C. place the child in an oxygen tent and have oxygen administered continuously.D. serve a high-calorie diet. 6.The nurse is caring for a client who has hemoconcentration after fluid loss. Which IV fluids would be the
8、 most appropriate fluid replacement therapy for this clientA. Distilled water.B. Dextrose 5% in water (D5W) only.C. DSW with 40 mEq of potassium chloride.D. Dextrose 10% in salin 7.The nurse is preparing to remove a previously applied topical medication from a client. The rationale for removing prev
9、iously applied topical medications before applying new medications is toA. decrease the possibility of absorption on the nurses skin.B. allow distribution of medication.C. prevent soiling of the clients clothes.D. avoid administering more than the prescribed dos 8.A client has been prescribed 75 mg
10、of amitriptyline (Elavil) at bedtime and 15 mg of phenelzine (Nardil) three times per day. Which nursing action takes priorityA. Teaching the client about the adverse effects.B. Calling the physician and questioning the order.C. Instituting dietary restrictions.D. Taking baseline vital signs. 9.The
11、nurse is administering sublingual nitroglycerin to a client with chest pain. The nurse should place the medicationA. in the cheek.B. on the tip of the tongue.C. under the tongue.D. under the lower lid of the ey 10.A 4-month-old infant is brought to the pediatrician by his parents because theyre conc
12、erned about his frequent respiratory infections, poor feeding habits, frequent vomiting, and colic. The physician notes that the baby has failed to gain expected weight and recommends that the baby have a sweat test performed to detect possible cystic fibrosis. To prepare the parents for the test, t
13、he nurse should explain thatA. the baby will need to fast before the test.B. a sample of blood will be necessary.C. a low-sodium diet is necessary for 24 hours before the test.D. a low-intensity, painless electrical current is applied to the skin. 11.The nurse is teaching a new group of mental healt
14、h aides. The nurse should teach the aides that setting limits is most important forA. a depressed client.B. a manic client.C. a suicidal client.D. an anxious client. 12.A 15-year-old primigravida gave birth 2 days ago. She tells the nurse that having her own little baby will be wonderful. Which nurs
15、ing response would best evaluate the accuracy of the clients expectationsA. Tell me what your day will be like after you take your baby home. B. Will anyone be available to help you at home with the babyC. Have you had any experience taking care of babiesD. What are you planning to do with your baby
16、 when you return to school 13.The nurse has a client at 30 weeks gestation who has tested positive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). What should the nurse tell the client when she says that she wants to breast-feed her neonateA. Encourage breas-feeding so that she can get her rest and get
17、healthier.B. Encourage breast-feeding because its healthier for the neonate.C. Encourage breast-feeding to facilitate bonding.D. Discourage breast-feeding because HIV can be transmitted through breast milk. 14.The nurse is assigned to care for a postoperative client who has diabetes mellitus. During
18、 the assessment interview, the client reports that hes impotent and says that hes concerned about its effect on his marriage. In planning this clients care, the most appropriate intervention would be toA. encourage the client to ask questions about personal sexuality.B. provide time for privacy.C. p
19、rovide support for the spouse or significant other.D. suggest referral to a sex counselor or other appropriate professional. 15.A 26-year-old primigravida is in labor. Her cervix is 5 cm dilated and 75% effaced; the fetus is at 0 station. The client requests medication to relieve the discomfort of c
20、ontractions, and the physician prescribes an epidural regional block. What position should the nurse help the client to assume when the epidural is administeredA. Lithotomy.B. Supine.C. Prone.D. Lateral. 16.A client is admitted for detoxification after a cocaine overdose. The client tells the nurse
21、that he frequently uses cocaine but that he can control his use if he chooses. Which coping mechanism is he usingA. Withdrawal.B. Logical thinking.C. Repression.D. Denial. 17.The nurse is administering warfarin (Coumadin) to a client with deep vein thrombophlebitis. Which laboratory value indicates
22、warfarin is at therapeutic levelsA. Partial thromboplastin time (PTT) to 2 times the control. B. Prothrombin time (PT) to 2 times the control. C. International normalized ratio (INR) of 3 to 4.D. Hematocrit of 32%. 18.The nurse is caring for a client who is suicidal. When accompanying the client to
23、the bathroom, the nurse shouldA. give him privacy in the bathroom.B. allow him to shave.C. open the window and allow him to get some fresh air.D. observe him. 19.The nurse provides fluid replacement for a client with burns on 35% of his body. It has been 12 hours since the burns occurred. His blood
24、pressure is 85/60 mmHg. His pulse is 124 beats/minute. Urine output was 25 mL during the past hour. What orders should the nurse expect to receive from the physicianA. Maintain IV fluids at the present rate, and continue to reassess vital signs and urine output hourly.B. Increase the IV rate, and co
25、ntinue to reassess vital signs and urine output hourly.C. Decrease the IV rate, and continue to reassess vital signs and urine output hourly.D. Administer a vasoconstrictor, and reassess vital signs and urine output hourly. 20.The nurse is teaching a client about using vaginal medications. The nurse
26、 should instruct the client toA. use a tampon after insertion to increase medication absorption.B. release and pull up on the applicator before removal.C. never refrigerate suppositories.D. use only a water-soluble lubricant when inserting a suppository. 21.Which finding is considered normal in a ne
27、onate during the first few days after birthA. Weight loss of 25%.B. Birth weight of 2,000 to 2,500g.C. Weight loss then return to birth weight.D. Weight gain of 25%. 22.A multigravida in her 34th week of gestation presents in the emergency department complaining of vaginal bleeding. Which of the fol
28、lowing should be the nurses first actionA. Establish IV access.B. Assess fetal heart rate (FHR) and maternal blood pressure.C. Prepare the client for a cesarean delivery.D. Assess maternal heart rate and respiratory rat 23.The nurse administers racemic epinephrine to a child. Ten minutes after admin
29、istration, the nurse should be alert forA. respiratory distress.B. profound tachycardia.C. signs of improved oxygenation.D. diminished cyanosis. 24.When inserting a urinary catheter, the nurse can facilitate the insertion by asking the client toA. initiate a stream of urine.B. breathe deeply.C. turn
30、 to the side.D. hold the labia or shaft of penis. 25.The nurse walks into the room of a client who has had surgery for testicular cancer. The client says that hell be undesirable to his wife, and he becomes tearful. He expresses that hes spoiled a happy, satisfying sex life with his wife, and says t
31、hat he thinks it might be best if he would just die. Based on these signs and symptoms, which nursing diagnosis would be most appropriate for planning purposesA. Situational low self-esteem.B. Unilateral neglect.C. Social isolation.D. Risk for loneliness. 26.A 4-year-old girl is admitted to the hosp
32、ital to rule out leukemia. Which of the following would be the best room assignmentA. With a 4-year-old girl who has rheumatoid arthritis.B. With a 5-year-old boy who is having a tonsillectomy.C. With a 4-year-old girl who has leukemia.D. Alone in a private room.27.A clients blood glucose level is 4
33、5 mg/dL. The nurse should be alert for which signs and symptomsA. Coma, anxiety, confusion, headache, and cool, moist skin.B. Kussmauls respirations, dry skin, hypotension, and bradycardia.C. Polyuria, polydipsia, hypotension, and hypernatremia.D. Polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, and weight loss. 2
34、8.The nurse is caring for a client infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Whats the major infection control measure to reduce MRSA and other nosocomial pathogens in a health care settingA. Using antibacterial soap when bathing clients with MRS.B. Conducting culture surveys
35、 periodically.C. Ensuring that personnel wash their hands before and after contact with every client.D. Using specific housekeeping practices for environmental cleanin 29.The client is to receive an IV infusion of 3000 mL of dextrose and normal saline solution over 24 hours. The nurse observes that
36、the rate is 150mL/hour. If the solution runs continuously at this rate, the infusion will be completed inA. 12 hours.B. 20 hours.C. 24 hours.D. 50 hours. 30.Which of the following assessments indicates fetal distressA. Fetal scalp pH of 7.14.B. Fetal heart rate (FHR) of 144 beats/minute.C. Accelerat
37、ion of FHR with contractions.D. Long-term variability. 31.The nurse is caring for a client whos hypoglycemic. This client will have a blood glucose levelA. below 70 mg/dL.B. between 70 and 120 mg/dL.C. between 120 and 180 mg/dL.D. above 180 mg/dL. 32.The nurse-manager of a hospital unit holds monthl
38、y staff meetings. During these meetings, she maintains control over the meeting and agenda, resists consensus decision making, and uses discipline and coercion to elicit desired behavior from staff. This manager uses what type of leadership styleA. Autocratic.B. Democratic.C. Participative.D. Laisse
39、z-fair 33.Which client has the highest risk of ovarian cancerA. 30-year-old woman taking oral contraceptive pills.B. 45-year-old woman who has never been pregnant.C. 40-year-old woman with three children.D. 36-year-old woman who had her first child at age 22. 34.Which procedure or practice is associ
40、ated with surgical asepsisA. Hand washing.B. Nasogastrie (NG) tube irrigation.C. Colostomy irrigation.D. IV catheter insertion. 35.The nurse is providing postprocedure care for a client who underwent percutaneous lithotripsy. In this procedure, an ultrasonic probe inserted through a nephrostomy tube
41、 into the renal pelvis generates ultra-high-frequency sound waves to shatter renal calculi. The nurse should instruct the client toA. limit oral fluid intake for 1 to 2 weeks.B. report the presence of fine, sandlike particles through the nephrostomy tube.C. notify the physician about cloudy or foul-
42、smelling urine.D. report bright pink urine within 24 hours after the procedur 36.The nurse is providing home care to a client with failing vision due to macular degeneration. The nurse is concerned about the clients safety. Which of the following activities would help to lessen the clients risk of f
43、allingA. Arranging pieces of furniture close together so the client can use them for guidance and support.B. Encouraging the client to wear a medical identification bracelet that describes the clients visual deficit.C. Installing a flashing light to indicate when the phone or doorbell is ringing.D.
44、Installing handrails in hallways, in bathrooms, and on steps. 37.The nurse is performing wound care. Which of the following practices violates surgical asepsisA. Holding sterile objects above the waist.B. Considering a 1 (2.5 cm) edge around the sterile field as being contaminated.C. Pouring solutio
45、n onto a sterile field cloth.D. Opening the outermost flap of a sterile package away from the body. 38.A client with a neurogenic bladder is beginning bladder training. Which of the following nursing actions is most importantA. Set up specific times to empty the bladder.B. Force fluids.C. Provide ad
46、equate roughage.D. Encourage the use of an indwelling urinary catheter. 39.The nurse is providing care for an immobilized client. For this client, the most appropriate and most effective nursing intervention would beA. getting the client out of bed and into a chair for 30 minutes, twice daily.B. avoiding repositioning the client if hes comfortable.C. repositioning the client on alternate sides at least every 2 hours.D. positioning the client with the greatest pressure at the bony prominenc 40.The nurse is developing