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1、2023年安徽在职攻读硕士联考考试真题卷（3）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.Regular child care provided outside home or by someone other than the mother does not in itself undermine healthy emotional connections between mothers and their 15-month-old infants, according to a lo
2、ng-term national study. The finding holds even if care begins during the first 3 months after birth and runs for 30 hours or more per week. Among infants who receive unkind and unresponsive care from their mothers, however, the mother-child relationship may be damaged. This research helps us put apa
3、rt complexities regarding child care that have not previously been studied in detail, contends Jay Belsky, a psychologist. The investigation consists of 1,153 children and their families living in or near Boston. The youngsters, no more than 1 month old when they entered the study in 1991, will be t
4、racked until the age of 7. Experimenters administered questionnaires to mothers in their homes and videotaped baby caretakers interacting with the kids at ages 1, 6, and 15 months. Independent observers rated the quality of each child care efforts and noted infant nervousness. Unlike most previous s
5、tudies, this one allows researchers to observe each caretakers personality at child nursing, and kids emotional reaction by the equipment.Jay Belsky implies that the study of child care _.Awas never carded out in the pastBwas not much done in detail in the pastCwas greatly ignored by psychologists a
6、nd researchersDwas interesting, but very difficult to make discovery 2.Experts predict that Chinas healthcare market will have an annual growth of 6 to 8 per cent in the next few years, making it one of the potentially most prosperous. In Shanghai, annual medical expenditure is estimated to be 16 bi
7、llion yuan (U. S. 93 billion). With an increasingly (31) population, the growing consumption power and longer life (32) of local residents, the medical market bas great opportunities. However, limited medical resources cannot meet peoples needs (33) financial deficits in State-owned hospitals. (34)
8、, there is room for a range of different medical organizations. As is the case with many State-owned enterprises, public hospitals in the past half century have learned a lot of bad habits: (35) management, over-staffing and bureaucratic operating procedures. Being a member of World Trade Organizati
9、on (WTO), China has to (36) its promise to open the health industry to foreign capital in coming years. By then, public hospitals will be facing fierce competition from Western giants they have never prepared for. So its quite urgent (37) them to learn how to operate as an enterprise and how to surv
10、ive in the competitive market economy of the future. As a (38) , the healthcare sector was first opened to domestic private investors. Since the first private hospital opened in 1999, private investors from Shenzhen, Sichuan and Zhejiang provinces have been scrambling to enter Shanghai. (39) show th
11、at about 20 private hospitals have been set up in the city, although this number, (40) with more than 500 public hospitals, is still quite low.Adue toBdue inCdueDdue of 3.Successful innovations have driven many older technologies to extinction and have resulted in higher productivity, greater consum
12、ption of energy, increased demand for raw materials, accelerated flow of materials through the economy and increased quantities of metals and other substances in use per person. The history of industrial development is full of examples. In 1870, horses and mules were the prime source of power on U.
13、S. farms. One horse or mule was required to support four human beings-a ratio that remained almost constant for many decades. At that time, had a national commission been asked to forecast the horse and mule population for 1970, its answer probably would have depended on whether its consultants were
14、 of an economic mm of mind. Had they been economists, they would have recognized that the power of steam had already been harnessed to industry and to land and ocean transport. They would have recognized further that would be only a matter of time before steam would be the prime source of power on t
15、he farm. It would have been difficult for them to avoid the conclusion that the horse and mule population would decline rapidly.In the second paragraph, the author suggests that economists would _.Aconsult the national commission on the economyBplan the economy through yearly forecastsCconsider the
16、influence of technological innovation importantDvalue the economic contribution Of farm animals 4. A Quiet student offered room in private house. Share bath and kitchen. $ 50 weekly excluding gas/electricity B Professional couple, 3 children, 2, 4 and 6, offer single room, rent-free, to student will
17、ing to baby-sit 3 evenings weekly, occasional weekends. Live as family. C Double room suitable 2 students sharing. Cooking facilities, share bathroom. Non-smokers only. $ 70 each weekly, excluding gas/electricity. D Teacher going on 3-month study course abroad willing to let comfortably furnished fl
18、at in prestige block to responsible students. 2 doublebedrooms, 1 single. Use of gmden. Rent $ 70 each, weekly, inclusive. No late parties. INTERESTED CONTACT: Joan Benson, student accommodation officer. Room 341 Moff Building. Fri. 10:00 a. m. -5:00 p. m.A student accepting the offer in B _.Ahad be
19、tter have some experience of child careBwould have no free time at allCmust be a member of this large familyDwould be able to live everyday cheaply 5.Successful innovations have driven many older technologies to extinction and have resulted in higher productivity, greater consumption of energy, incr
20、eased demand for raw materials, accelerated flow of materials through the economy and increased quantities of metals and other substances in use per person. The history of industrial development is full of examples. In 1870, horses and mules were the prime source of power on U. S. farms. One horse o
21、r mule was required to support four human beings-a ratio that remained almost constant for many decades. At that time, had a national commission been asked to forecast the horse and mule population for 1970, its answer probably would have depended on whether its consultants were of an economic mm of
22、 mind. Had they been economists, they would have recognized that the power of steam had already been harnessed to industry and to land and ocean transport. They would have recognized further that would be only a matter of time before steam would be the prime source of power on the farm. It would hav
23、e been difficult for them to avoid the conclusion that the horse and mule population would decline rapidly.What is the authors attitude toward changes brought on by technological innovationAHe is excited about them.BHe is disturbed by them.CHe questions their usefulness.DHe accepts them as natural.
24、6.Experts predict that Chinas healthcare market will have an annual growth of 6 to 8 per cent in the next few years, making it one of the potentially most prosperous. In Shanghai, annual medical expenditure is estimated to be 16 billion yuan (U. S. 93 billion). With an increasingly (31) population,
25、the growing consumption power and longer life (32) of local residents, the medical market bas great opportunities. However, limited medical resources cannot meet peoples needs (33) financial deficits in State-owned hospitals. (34) , there is room for a range of different medical organizations. As is
26、 the case with many State-owned enterprises, public hospitals in the past half century have learned a lot of bad habits: (35) management, over-staffing and bureaucratic operating procedures. Being a member of World Trade Organization (WTO), China has to (36) its promise to open the health industry t
27、o foreign capital in coming years. By then, public hospitals will be facing fierce competition from Western giants they have never prepared for. So its quite urgent (37) them to learn how to operate as an enterprise and how to survive in the competitive market economy of the future. As a (38) , the
28、healthcare sector was first opened to domestic private investors. Since the first private hospital opened in 1999, private investors from Shenzhen, Sichuan and Zhejiang provinces have been scrambling to enter Shanghai. (39) show that about 20 private hospitals have been set up in the city, although
29、this number, (40) with more than 500 public hospitals, is still quite low.AAs a resultBBeing resultCBe a resultDAs the result 7.Regular child care provided outside home or by someone other than the mother does not in itself undermine healthy emotional connections between mothers and their 15-month-o
30、ld infants, according to a long-term national study. The finding holds even if care begins during the first 3 months after birth and runs for 30 hours or more per week. Among infants who receive unkind and unresponsive care from their mothers, however, the mother-child relationship may be damaged. T
31、his research helps us put apart complexities regarding child care that have not previously been studied in detail, contends Jay Belsky, a psychologist. The investigation consists of 1,153 children and their families living in or near Boston. The youngsters, no more than 1 month old when they entered
32、 the study in 1991, will be tracked until the age of 7. Experimenters administered questionnaires to mothers in their homes and videotaped baby caretakers interacting with the kids at ages 1, 6, and 15 months. Independent observers rated the quality of each child care efforts and noted infant nervou
33、sness. Unlike most previous studies, this one allows researchers to observe each caretakers personality at child nursing, and kids emotional reaction by the equipment.The main difference between the investigation and the previous ones is that _.Athe researchers started with only one month old infant
34、sBthe observers could rate the quality of child care efforts and analyzed them soonCthe researchers were able to give the questionnaires to mothers in their homesDvideo equipment enabled researchers to observe what was happening directly 8. A Quiet student offered room in private house. Share bath a
35、nd kitchen. $ 50 weekly excluding gas/electricity B Professional couple, 3 children, 2, 4 and 6, offer single room, rent-free, to student willing to baby-sit 3 evenings weekly, occasional weekends. Live as family. C Double room suitable 2 students sharing. Cooking facilities, share bathroom. Non-smo
36、kers only. $ 70 each weekly, excluding gas/electricity. D Teacher going on 3-month study course abroad willing to let comfortably furnished flat in prestige block to responsible students. 2 doublebedrooms, 1 single. Use of gmden. Rent $ 70 each, weekly, inclusive. No late parties. INTERESTED CONTACT
37、: Joan Benson, student accommodation officer. Room 341 Moff Building. Fri. 10:00 a. m. -5:00 p. m.For two students ad D would be more economical than ad C because _.Athey would share a roomBthe basic expenses are cheaperCthere are no extras except for foodDthere is free use of the garden 9.Experts p
38、redict that Chinas healthcare market will have an annual growth of 6 to 8 per cent in the next few years, making it one of the potentially most prosperous. In Shanghai, annual medical expenditure is estimated to be 16 billion yuan (U. S. 93 billion). With an increasingly (31) population, the growing
39、 consumption power and longer life (32) of local residents, the medical market bas great opportunities. However, limited medical resources cannot meet peoples needs (33) financial deficits in State-owned hospitals. (34) , there is room for a range of different medical organizations. As is the case w
40、ith many State-owned enterprises, public hospitals in the past half century have learned a lot of bad habits: (35) management, over-staffing and bureaucratic operating procedures. Being a member of World Trade Organization (WTO), China has to (36) its promise to open the health industry to foreign c
41、apital in coming years. By then, public hospitals will be facing fierce competition from Western giants they have never prepared for. So its quite urgent (37) them to learn how to operate as an enterprise and how to survive in the competitive market economy of the future. As a (38) , the healthcare
42、sector was first opened to domestic private investors. Since the first private hospital opened in 1999, private investors from Shenzhen, Sichuan and Zhejiang provinces have been scrambling to enter Shanghai. (39) show that about 20 private hospitals have been set up in the city, although this number
43、, (40) with more than 500 public hospitals, is still quite low.AdissufficientBunsufficientCirsufficientDinsufficient 10.Regular child care provided outside home or by someone other than the mother does not in itself undermine healthy emotional connections between mothers and their 15-month-old infan
44、ts, according to a long-term national study. The finding holds even if care begins during the first 3 months after birth and runs for 30 hours or more per week. Among infants who receive unkind and unresponsive care from their mothers, however, the mother-child relationship may be damaged. This rese
45、arch helps us put apart complexities regarding child care that have not previously been studied in detail, contends Jay Belsky, a psychologist. The investigation consists of 1,153 children and their families living in or near Boston. The youngsters, no more than 1 month old when they entered the stu
46、dy in 1991, will be tracked until the age of 7. Experimenters administered questionnaires to mothers in their homes and videotaped baby caretakers interacting with the kids at ages 1, 6, and 15 months. Independent observers rated the quality of each child care efforts and noted infant nervousness. U
47、nlike most previous studies, this one allows researchers to observe each caretakers personality at child nursing, and kids emotional reaction by the equipment.Which of the following is not TRUE of the investigationAIt will last at least 7 years.BCooperation from the mothers is also necessary.CSome i
48、ndependent observers play a part.DResearchers paid site visits to see a caretakers personality and kids emotional reaction. 11.Experts predict that Chinas healthcare market will have an annual growth of 6 to 8 per cent in the next few years, making it one of the potentially most prosperous. In Shanghai, annual medical exp