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1、2023年青海职称英语考试真题卷（6）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.B第二篇/BB Supermarket/B Most supermarkets need a very large floor area, sometimes at least ten times as big as that of an ordinary shop. There are usually two doors, one as an entrance and the other as an ex
2、it. The rest of the side facing the street is largely of plate glass, with goods or advertising material displayed. The other three walls are normally decorated in light colours, giving an impression of cleanliness (清洁)and brightness. Most supermarkets are on one floor only. Goods being stored in ro
3、oms at the back or upstairs. At right-angles to the window stretch long structures about six feet high with a number of shelves on each side. Similar shelf units or frozen food containers extend round the walls. Broad aisles(通道)between the shelf units and ample(足够的)space between them and the window
4、and also the far wall allow room for the circulation of many people. Individual commodities(商品), in tins, bags, boxes or other containers, are stacked (堆放) in groups on the shelves, and each group is labelled with a price ticket. Metal baskets near the entrance are taken by the shoppers who collect
5、in them the goods they select from the shelves. Between the shelf units and the window in one half of the shops are a number of small counters about three feet high. Beside each sits a cashier (现金出纳员), who operates a machine for reckoning, detailing the cost of each customers purchases. The customer
6、 places the basket at one end of the counter so that it can be emptied by the cashier who records the price of the commodities one by one, before putting each on a moving section of the counter top. The goods are collected and packed into the customers bag by another assistant at the end of the coun
7、ter. The cashier finally hands a printed slip recording all prices to the customer, who pays the total, collects the bag and leaves.A supermarket usually has _. Alots of rooms for shoppers to sit inBlots of rest rooms for shoppers to useClots of rooms where new varieties of goods are on displayDampl
8、e space for shoppers to move round 2.B第三篇/BB Changes in the American Family/B How much change has really occurred in the American family and what are the implications of these changes First, the household size has changed greatly since 1790. From 1790 to 1978 the mean family size was cut in half fro
9、m 5.79 persons to 2.81 persons. In 1790 almost 63 percent of all persons lived in the households of five or more people. By 1978 the size accounted for a little over 14 percent of all households. By the end of the 19th century a majority of Americans were living in urban areas, and the family was ve
10、ry much influenced by the rapid development of industrialization. With the arrival of immigrants, the urban population was increasingly heterogeneous(由不同成分组成的). This challenges the exclusiveness of any single family pattern. In the 20th century, the ideal American family consisted of a husband and w
11、ife living with dependent children. They lived in a household of their own provided for by the husbands earnings. The wife was responsible for emotional maintenance of the marriage and for raising the children and running the household. The major change in the family in this century has been due to
12、married women entering the work force. This, at least for periods of time. has taken the woman out of her full-time involvement in the home. Of all husband and wife families about 40% have both in the work force at any given time. In the past the identity of the individual was submerged in the famil
13、y. In general, reputation in the community came from the family. Today, however, whatever individuals achieve is usually assessed on its own merit, and family has little relevance. Individuals make it or dont make it essentially on their own. A sociologist describes another way in which the American
14、 family has changed. Today, in the Western world, the major burdens that are a part of the family system are emotional ones. But in the 19th century the family was much more involved with economic needs and tasks; family and relatives were valued for providing assistance during crisis.What does the
15、sociologist want to say about the burdens of the American family AThey are forever on the shoulders of the husband.BThey are much eased by the growing income of the family.CThey have shifted from economic needs to emotional balances.DThey are involved in providing assistance to relatives. 3. 阅读下面这篇短
16、文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。 B Coming Soon to a Theater near You!/B What are special effects Do you enjoy movies that use a lot of special effects Dinosaurs (恐龙) from the distant past! Space battles from the distant future! There has been a revolution in special effects, and it has transformed the
17、 movies we see. The revolution began in the mid-1970s with George Lucass Star Wars, a film that stunned (使震惊) audiences. That revolution continues to the present with dramatic changes in special effects technology. The company behind these changes is Lucass Industrial Light Magic (ILM). And the man
18、behind the company is Dennis Muren, who has worked with Lucas since Star Wars. Murens interest in special effects began very early. At the age of 6, he was photographing toy dinosaurs and spaceships. At 10, he had an 8-millimeter movie camera and was making these things move through stop-motion. (St
19、op-motion is a process in which objects are shot with a camera, moved slightly, Shot again, and so on. When the shots are put together, the objects appear to move.) Talk to Muren and youll understand what ILM is all about; taking on new challenges. By 1989, Muren decided he had pushed the old techno
20、logy as far as it would go. He saw computer graphics(图像)(CG)technology as the wave of the future and took a year off the master it. With CG technology, images can be scanned into a computer for processing, for example, and many separate shots can be combined into a single image. CG technology has no
21、w reached the point, Muren says, where special effects can be used to do just about anything so that movies can tell stories better than ever before. The huge success of Jurassic Park and its sequel (续集), The Lost World, the stars of which were computer-generated dinosaurs, suggests that this may ve
22、ry well be true.By the stop-motion process, many separate shots can be combined into a single image. AA. RightBB. WrongCC. Not mentioned 4. 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题。 B第一篇/BB Benefits of Educating Girl/B The benefits of educating girls are numerousto individual girls both when
23、 they are young and when they become adult women, to their future families, and to society as whole. Education enables women to contribute more fully to the social and economic development of their societies. A girls education is also an investment in future generations. The more educated a mother i
24、s, the more likely are her childrenparticularly her daughtersto roll and stay in school. The higher level of education attained by women is strongly associated with lower child death. Experts believe more educated women practice better hygiene and nutrition(营养),use health services more frequently, a
25、nd survive better. Woman with more schooling tend to be healthier themselves. Perhaps reflecting their improved ability to avoid frequent childbearing (分娩)and to take advantage of available health services during pregnancy(怀孕). The educational level achieved by women, like family planning services,
26、has the most powerful influence on family size. The impact of education on family size is strongest and most consistent for women who have completed some secondary schooling. Educating girls is three times more likely to lower family size than educating boys. Education appears to affect family size
27、in many ways. More educated women not only want fewer children than their less educated husbands, but also are more likely to use effective contraception(避孕) successfully and to limit their families to the number of children, which contribute to smaller family size. Family size is ideal and child de
28、ath rates are lowest, therefore, in countries that combine strong family planning and health programs with high levels of education for women.It can be concluded from the passage that educating girls _. Ahas great influence on boys growthBis helpful to the stability of familiesCcan raise womens soci
29、al statusDcontributes to the development of society 5. 阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。 B Dried Foods/B Centuries ago, man discovered that removing moisture U (51) /U food helped to preserve it, and that the easiest way to do this was to expose the food to the sun and wind. In th
30、is U (52) /U the North American Indians produce dried meat and make it into cakes, the Scandinavians make U (53) /U fish and the Arabs make dried dates. All foods contain U (54) /U, cabbage and other leaf vegetables contain as much as 93% water, potatoes and other root vegetables 80%, lean meat 75%,
31、 and fish anything from 80% to 60% depending U (55) /U how fatty it is. If this water is U (56) /U, the activity of the bacteria which causes food to go bad is stopped. Now day most foods are dried mechanically. The most common U (57) /U of such drying is to put food in chambers. This is the usual m
32、ethod for drying such things U (58) /U vegetables, minced meat, and fish. Liquids such as milk, coffee, tea, soups and eggs may be dried U (59) /U pouring them over a heated horizontal steel cylinder or by spraying them into a chamber through U (60) /U a current of hot air passes. In the first U (61
33、) /U,the dried material is scraped off the roller as a thin film which is then broken up into small pieces, though still relatively coarse flakes. In the second process it falls to the bottom of the chamber as a fine powder. Where U (62) /U pieces of meat and vegetables are required, as in soup, the
34、 ingredients are dried separately and then mixed. Dried foods take up less room and weigh less U (63) /U the same food packed in can or frozen, and they are U (64) /U to climbers, explorers and soldiers in battle, who have little storage space. They are also popular with housewives U (65) /U it take
35、s so little time to cook them. Usually it is just a matter of replacing the dried-out moisture with boiling water. AwithBonCinDfor 6.B第二篇/BB Supermarket/B Most supermarkets need a very large floor area, sometimes at least ten times as big as that of an ordinary shop. There are usually two doors, one
36、 as an entrance and the other as an exit. The rest of the side facing the street is largely of plate glass, with goods or advertising material displayed. The other three walls are normally decorated in light colours, giving an impression of cleanliness (清洁)and brightness. Most supermarkets are on on
37、e floor only. Goods being stored in rooms at the back or upstairs. At right-angles to the window stretch long structures about six feet high with a number of shelves on each side. Similar shelf units or frozen food containers extend round the walls. Broad aisles(通道)between the shelf units and ample(
38、足够的)space between them and the window and also the far wall allow room for the circulation of many people. Individual commodities(商品), in tins, bags, boxes or other containers, are stacked (堆放) in groups on the shelves, and each group is labelled with a price ticket. Metal baskets near the entrance
39、are taken by the shoppers who collect in them the goods they select from the shelves. Between the shelf units and the window in one half of the shops are a number of small counters about three feet high. Beside each sits a cashier (现金出纳员), who operates a machine for reckoning, detailing the cost of
40、each customers purchases. The customer places the basket at one end of the counter so that it can be emptied by the cashier who records the price of the commodities one by one, before putting each on a moving section of the counter top. The goods are collected and packed into the customers bag by an
41、other assistant at the end of the counter. The cashier finally hands a printed slip recording all prices to the customer, who pays the total, collects the bag and leaves.Who empties the basket AThe shopper.BThe customer.CThe cashier.DThe purchaser. 7. 阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最
42、佳答案。 B Dried Foods/B Centuries ago, man discovered that removing moisture U (51) /U food helped to preserve it, and that the easiest way to do this was to expose the food to the sun and wind. In this U (52) /U the North American Indians produce dried meat and make it into cakes, the Scandinavians ma
43、ke U (53) /U fish and the Arabs make dried dates. All foods contain U (54) /U, cabbage and other leaf vegetables contain as much as 93% water, potatoes and other root vegetables 80%, lean meat 75%, and fish anything from 80% to 60% depending U (55) /U how fatty it is. If this water is U (56) /U, the
44、 activity of the bacteria which causes food to go bad is stopped. Now day most foods are dried mechanically. The most common U (57) /U of such drying is to put food in chambers. This is the usual method for drying such things U (58) /U vegetables, minced meat, and fish. Liquids such as milk, coffee,
45、 tea, soups and eggs may be dried U (59) /U pouring them over a heated horizontal steel cylinder or by spraying them into a chamber through U (60) /U a current of hot air passes. In the first U (61) /U,the dried material is scraped off the roller as a thin film which is then broken up into small pie
46、ces, though still relatively coarse flakes. In the second process it falls to the bottom of the chamber as a fine powder. Where U (62) /U pieces of meat and vegetables are required, as in soup, the ingredients are dried separately and then mixed. Dried foods take up less room and weigh less U (63) /
47、U the same food packed in can or frozen, and they are U (64) /U to climbers, explorers and soldiers in battle, who have little storage space. They are also popular with housewives U (65) /U it takes so little time to cook them. Usually it is just a matter of replacing the dried-out moisture with boiling