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1、 一、定义 冠词是一种虚词，不能单独使用，只能放在名词前，帮助说明名词的含义。冠词可以分为两种：a,an 称为不定冠词；the 称为定冠词；另外有些特殊场合不用冠词，即通常所指的零冠词。二、具体用法 我们可以用以下口诀来记忆：泛指用 a/an，单数可数；特指用 the，不特不 the。【注】（1）泛指用 a/an，单数可数泛指的可数名词单数前要用 a/an。如：I want an apple.（2）特指用 the如果是特指，那么无论是可数名词单数、复数或不可数名词前均要用 the。如：The pencil is mine./I dont like the pencils on the desk
2、.（3）不特不 the不特指则不用 the，包括泛指的可数名词单数前用 a/an，泛指的可数名词复数前不用冠词，泛指的不可数名词前也不用冠词三种情况。如：I like monkeys./I dont like bread.1、不定冠词 不定冠词 a 和 an 表示“一个”之意，和可数名词单数连用。a 用于以辅音音素开头的单数名词前，an 用于以元音音素开头的单数名词前。不定冠词的具体用法如下：用于可数名词单数形式之前，表示人或事物的类别。My mother is a nurse.我母亲是个护士。用于初次提到某人或某物，但不具体说明哪个人或哪个物。We see a tiger in the zo
3、o.我们在动物园里看到一只老虎。用于表示数量“一，意思和 one 差不多，但不如 one 强烈。His uncle will be back in a week.他叔叔一周后回来。泛指某人或某物 A boy is waiting for you.有个男孩在等你。用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事 A Liu is looking for you outside.用于序数词前，表示“再一”“又一”，相当于 another。Dont worry.You can try a second time.别着急，你可以再试一次。用在某些物质名词或抽象名词前，“一阵，一场”等 a hea
4、vy rain,a strong wind 用于习惯用语或固定短语中。a bit(一点),a little(一点),a few(几个),a lot(许多),a kind of(一种),a pair of(一副、一双),a number of(大量的),a piece of(一张、一片),half an hour(半小时),have a good time(玩得开心),have a cold(感冒),make a noise(发出嘈杂声),have/take a(rest 等)(休息)一会儿,等等。记忆口诀 不定冠词 a 或 an，表“一”但不强调“一”；人或事物首次提，单位名词前“每一”；表示
5、有人、有某物，何人何物不具体；强调类别任一个，习惯用法记心里。2、定冠词 定冠词 the 与指示代词 this，that 同源，有“这（那）个”的意思，但语气比 this，that 弱，表示某个或特定的人或物。可用于一下场合：用于指某个或某些特定的人或物 The woman in a green shirt is our English teacher.用于表示上文已经提到的人或物。There is a boy in the garden.The boy is Zhou Huas younger brother.用于指双方共知的人或物。Where is the key,Jack?In the
6、drawer.用于世界上独一无二的事物前。The earth goes around the sun.用于序数词前。I think the first lesson is very difficult.用于形容词或副词的最高级前，但副词最高级前可以省略。在含有比较级的句子中，表示两者之 间“较的一个”时，需要加定冠词 the。Tom is the tallest in his class.用在复数姓氏前面表示一家人或夫妇二人。The Greens are shopping.格林夫妇正在购物。与某些形容词连用，表示一类人或物。We should look after the old.我们应该照顾
7、老人。用于江河、海洋、湖泊、山脉、群岛等地理事物的名称前。The Yellow River 黄河 用于方位名词前。China is in the east of the world.中国在世界的东方。记忆口诀：特指双熟悉，上文已提及，世上独一无二，序数最高级，某些专有名，习语及乐器。3、零冠词 名词前已经有作定语用的物主代词、指示代词、不定代词或所有格修饰时。This schoolbag is mine.名词复数表示某一类人或事物时。These are horses.在球类、棋类、语言、学科和三餐的名词前。Some students are playing basketball;some ar
8、e reading English.在表示州名、国名、人名的名词前。Russia is the largest country in the world.当不可数名词表示一般概念或类别时。Paper is made from wood.纸是由木头制成的。在假日、星期、季节、月份等名词前。Womens Day is on March 8th.在由一个人充任的称呼、头衔前，表示自己家庭成员的名词或称谓语前。Aunt Li is a worker.李阿姨是个工人。记忆口诀 代词限定名词前，专有名词不可数，复数名词表泛指，学科球类三餐饭，季节星期月份前，颜色语种和国名，称呼习语及头衔。三、常考易错点
9、1、乘飞机去北京花了史密斯一家人一个小时。误 It takes Smiths a hour to go to Beijing by a plane.正 It takes the Smiths an hour to go to Beijing by plane.析 表示“一家人”用结构“the+姓氏复数”；our 一词的第一个字母不发音，它是以元音音素开头的，所以“一小时”要用 an hour；用介词 by 表示“乘坐”某种交通工具时，交通工具名词前不加任何冠词。2、表示世界上独一无二的事物的名词前一般加定冠词 the;但如果名词前有修饰语，也可能用不定冠词 a,an。the world,a p
10、eaceful world the moon,a bright moon 3、表示一日三餐的名词前面一般不用冠词，但前面如果有了定语修饰，也可能用不定冠词 a,an。Have you had supper?We had a wonderful supper.4、表示乐器的名词前一般用定冠词 the,但前面如果出现定语修饰，也可能用不定冠词 a,an。He starts his day by playing the violin.He is playing a borrowed violin.5、介词与表示交通工具的名词连用表示笼统的方式，前面一般不用冠词，但如果名词的前面出现了修饰语，前面需加
11、冠词。He went to the station by car.He went to the station in a black car.6、表示语言的名词前一般不用冠词，但后面如果出现 language 一词，前面需加定冠词 the。English=the English language French=the French language 有无定冠词意思迥异 英语中有些名词，如 bed,class,hospital,school,church 等，当不强调这次词所表示的场所，只强调它们的专门作用时，前面不带定冠词；否则要加定冠词。如：1.at table 在进餐 at the tab
12、le 在桌旁 2.at desk 做读书或做作业 at the desk 在书桌旁 3.at school 在上学，在求学（是学生）at the school 在学校里（不一定是学生）4.at sea 在海上航行 at the sea 在海边 5.in class 在上课 in the class 在班里 6.in prison 坐牢 in the prison 在监狱 7.in bed 卧床，睡觉 in the bed 在床上 8.in front of 在的前面 in the front of 在的前部 9.go to bed 去睡觉 go to the bed 到床边或床前 10.go
13、to hospital 入院治疗 go to the hospital 去医院（不一定是病人）11.go to church 去教堂做礼拜、做祷告 go to the church 去教堂（为了别的目的）12.go to school 去上学（不强调场所）go to the school 到学校去（开家长会等）【训练】一、单项选择 1、Great Wall is longest wall in the world .A.The,the B.A.a.C.The,a 2、Hurry up，or well be late Take your timeits just_short distance f
14、rom here to_cinema A；the Bthe；a Ca；the D；a 3、Its just a short distance from here to _ restaurant.A.a B.an C.the D.不填 4、Its just a short distance from here to _ restaurant.A.a B.an C.the D.不填 5、How do you like your holiday in Mount Tai?We enjoyed it very much._ sight is very beautiful.A.A B.An C.The
15、D./6、Doing exercise an hourday helps keep us fit Aa Ban Cthe 7、Do you know a spaceship flies at about nineteen kilometers _ second?A.the B.a C./D.an 8、Lin Shuhao is _ good basketball player in the NBA.A./B.a C.an D.the 9、I like _ color of your coat.Ill buy _ blouse like this color.A.the;the B.a;a C.
16、the;a D.a;the 10、It is a good habit to go to _ bed early and get up early.A.a B.an C.the D.不填 11、Whats in the box?There is apple and some oranges in it.A.a B.an C.The 12、My cousin Andy can play piano very well,but he isnt good at playing basketball.A.the;the B./;the C.the;/D./;/13、This is 3-D printe
17、r.And this is an artificial(人工的)ear.Can you believe that scientists printed this artificial ear by this 3-D printer?A.a B.an C.the D./14、Lets play soccer.Good idea!Do you have _ soccer ball?A.a B.an C.不填 15、This is a useful dictionary,I think.So it is,and its _ unusual one.A.the B.an C.a D.不填 16、wom
18、an in red had baby on Childrens Day.A./,a,the B.The,a,/C.A,the,/D.The,a,the 17、Excuse me,is there _ bank near here?Yes,its over there,next to _ hotel.A.an,the B.the,an C.a,the D.the,a 18、Mum,I want to buy _ new toy car.But _ old one is still running,isnt it?A.the;the B.the;an C.a;the D.a;an 19、My si
19、ster likes playing _ piano,but she doesnt like playing _ football.A.the,the B./,the C.the,/D.a,an 20、The house is very nice.Has it got _ garden?A./B.a C.an D.the 二、根据需要，在必要的地方填入冠词。1.Winter is _coldest season of _ year.2.They often play _football before _supper.3.Is it _English jeep?No,its _Chinese c
20、ar.4.I often get to _ school at about 7：30 in _morning and I have _lunch in _ middle of _day.5.He sleeps in _ daytime,and works at _night.6._worker and _writer was born in this town.7.June 1st is _Childrens Day.8._second question is _easiest of all.9.Beijing is _ capital of _ China.10.Do you know _ Mr.Wang?