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1、苏教版小学五年级英语语法归纳及语法练习 情态动词 一、can,could 过去式 1 表示能力体力、知识、技能;Can you lift this heavy box 体力 Mary can speak three languages.知识 Can you skate 技能 Can 只有一般现在时和一般过去式；2 表示请求和允许;-Can I go now -Yes,you can./No,you cant.3 表示客观可能性客观原因形成的能力;Theyve changed the timetable,so we can go by bus instead.This hall can hold
2、 500 people at least.4 表示推测惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度,用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中;Can this be true This cant be done by him.How can this be true 二should,1 should,表示 应该 劝告、建议和命令;1.I should help her because she is in trouble.1.You should go to class right away.2.Should I open the window 3 表示推测 Should 客观推测,must 主观推测;1.He must be
3、 home by now.断定他已到家 2.He should be home by now.不太肯定 一 用适当的情态动词填空;1.Must I stand up No,you _.2._ I speak something Yes,you _.3._ I leave the park now No,you _ stay here.4.My grandmother is ill.I _ stay at home and look after her.5._ you like some juice 6.They _ take more exercise.7._ you tell me the
4、way to the museum 8.The watch _ tell us the right time.9._ you like to go boating with us 10._ we play chess next weekend(二)按要求改写句子;(三)1.She can walk quickly.(四)I _ _quickly.否定句(五)2.You have to finish the work now.一般疑问句(六)_ I the work now No,you _.(七)3.They can paint the wall well.一般疑问句(八)_ they _ t
5、he wall well(九)4.Tom must carry the box into the room.否定句(十)Tom _ _ carry the box into the room.(十一)5.She should reach the station early.否定句 (十二)She _ _ reach the station early.三 单项选择;1.you like some bread A.Would B.Could C.Can 2.We throw the waste in the.cant B.dont C.mustnt e should more flowers,a
6、nd we shouldnt cut any flowers.A.plant B.planting C.plants I have some water ,you have.B.Yes,you can.C.Yes,certainly.we work on the farm ,we do.,we shall.right.you have something to announce ,we would.,Id like.,of course.I help you ,you can.,I can do it.like some oranges.人称代词和物主代词 要点归纳：人称代词 I like y
7、ou.我喜欢你;You like me.你喜欢我;He likes her.他喜欢她;She likes him.她喜欢他;We like you.我们喜欢你们;You like us.你们喜欢我们;They like us.他们喜欢我们;We like them.我们喜欢它们;上面这些简单的句子里,like 前面的人称代词都是主格,你可以把 like 换成别的动词,比如play with 和玩、look at 看着等等,读着玩玩儿,你认为哪个动词好玩就换成哪个;形容词性物主代词 有：my 我的、your 你的、his 他的、her 她的、its 它的、our 我们的、your 你们的、the
8、ir 他们的;之所以叫它们形容词是因为他们必须放在名词前面;物主则表示它们是物的主人;如：我们的老师 our teacher、我的汽车 my car、你的裤子 your trousers、他的风筝 his kite、她的椅子her chair、它的腿 its legs、你们的学校 your school、她们的聚会 their party;名词性物主代词 有 mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,yours,theirs 依次表示我的、你的、他的、她的、它的、我们的、你们的、他她、它们的;注意除了 mine 每个单词后面都有一个“s”;因为他们本身是名词性,所以后面不能再跟
9、名词,否则就犯了重复的错误;比如我们可以说my book,但不能说 mine book；her dress 而不是 hers dress;This is my book.The book is mine.这是我的书;这书是我的;That is your desk.Thats yours.那是你的课桌;那是你的;This is his cup.Its his.这是他的杯子;是他的;That is her skirt.The skirt is hers.那是她的短裙;那短裙是她的;Thats its banana.The banana is its.那是它的香蕉;那香蕉是它的;This is ou
10、r classroom.Its ours.这是我们的教室;是我们的;This is their basketball.Its theirs.这是他们的篮球;是他们的;-主 格 宾 格 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 -一单 I 我 me 我 my 我的 mine 我的 -一复 we 我们 us 我们 our 我们的 ours 我们的 -二单 you 你 you 你 your 你的 yours 你的 -二复 you 你们 you 你们 your 你们的 yours 你们的 -三单 he 他 him 他 his 他的 his 他的 -she 她 her 她 her 她的 hers 她的 -it
11、它 it 它 its 它的 its 它的 -三复 they 他们 them 他们 their 他们的 theirs 他们的 -一主格 I you he she it we you they 1.在句子中可以作主语,放于句首,后接动词;1 _ am a student.2 _ comes from China,but _ comes from American.3 _ is my aunt.二宾格 me you him her it us you them 1.在句子中可以作宾语,用于句尾,动词之后;1 The boy in the photo is _.2 Let _ to play foot
12、ball.3 We often go to visit _.2.在句子中可以作宾语,用于句尾,介词之后;1 The pen of _ is the same with _.2 Come with _.3 The teacher wants you to return that book of _.3.人称代词作表语时,一般用宾格,特别是在日常会话中;“Who is knocking at the door”“Its _.”-“谁在敲门”-“是我;”三形容词性物主代词 my your his her it our your their 1.形容词性物主代词一般位于名词前,用作定语,限定该名词的意
13、义;1 _ book is over there.2 I ate all _ sandwiches yesterday.3 Tell Tom not to forget _ book.四名词性物主代词 mine yours his hers its ours yourrs theirs 1.名词性物主代词在句中独立使用,即不后接名词,其句法作用相当于一个名词,即“形容词性物主代词+名词”;1 My bag is bigger than _.=My bag is bigger than _ _.2 _ is a great country.我们的国家是一个伟大的国家;用作主语,一般用于正式文体
14、3 I forgot to bring my dictionary.Could I use _ 我忘了带词典,我可以用一下你的吗用作动词的宾语 4 He wasnt in my room.He might be in _.他刚才不在我的房间;他可能在自己的房间;用作介词的宾语 5 Whose book is this Its _.这是谁的书是她的;用作表语 6 Jack is a friend of _.杰克是我的一个朋友;用于双重所有格 2.名词性物主代词用作主语时,谓语动词的数应随所指者的数而定;1Is this pencil _ or _ Its _.Hers is in her bag
15、.Hers=Her pencil-这支铅笔是你的还是她的是我的;她的铅笔在她包里;3用于 of 后面;He visited a friend of _ yesterday.综合练习：一、用适当的人称代词填空 1.2.China is a developing country._ lies in the east of Asia.2.Professor Wang sets _ a good example.We must learn from _.3.4.What day is _ today _ is Thursday.4.How far is the thunder _ is three k
16、ilometers away.5.I own a blue bike.The red one doesnt belong to _.6.These new houses are so nice._ are very expensive.7._ say that those old houses will be rebuilt.8.Is _ the milkman at the door Yes,thats _.9.The fishermen caught a lot of fish,didnt _ 10.Ling Ling is a girl._ studies in a primary sc
17、hool.Her brother lives with 11._ and helps _ to prepare the lessons.12.The ship is lying at anchor 停泊._ comes from Shanghai.13.This photo of your mother is very much like her.I like _.14.Mike is my classmate._ is good at physics.15.Kate wants a glass of milk.Will you pass it to _ 16.Whats the weathe
18、r like today _ is cloudy.二、用形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词填空 1.I ate all _ sandwiches yesterday.Can I have one of _ 2.George has lost _ pen.Ask Mary if是否 she will lend him _.3.Jack has a dog and so have I._ dog and _ had a fight 打架.4.Mr.and Mrs.Green and a friend of _ are coming to see us.5.Mary wants to know if是
19、否 youve seen a pair of gloves of _.6.We are going to Paris to stay with a French friend of _.三、用适当的人称代词和物主代词填空 A.从括号内选择正确的代词填空 1.Your football clothes are on the desk.Please put _they,them,their,theirs away.2.We,Us,Our,Ours_ English teacher is Mrs.Green.We all like _she,her,hers.3.I,Me,My,Mine_ cant
20、 get my kite.Could you help _I,me,my,mine 4.Tom cant get down from the tree.Can you help _he,him,his 5.Her kite is broken.Can _you,your,yours mend it 6.We cant find our bikes.Can you help _we,us,our,ours 7.These are _he,him,his planes.The white ones are _I,me,mine.B.填入正确的人称代词和物主代词 1.This isnt her kn
21、ife._ is green.2.These are your books,Kate.Put _ in the desk,please.3.You must look after _ things.4.Wei Fang,is that _ ruler Yes,its.5.They want a football.Give _ the green one,please.6.Its Lin Taos bag.Give _ to _.7.Is this pencil-box Li Leis No,_ is very new.8.This box is too heavy.I cant carry _
22、.Dont worry,Let _ help _.9._ is a boy _ name is Mike.Mikes friends like _ very much.10.My sister is in _ room._ is a teacher.11.Jane is a little girl._ mother is a nurse.12.We are in _ classroom._ classroom is big.13.My father and mother are teachers._ are busy 14.You are a pupil.Is _ brother a pupi
23、l,too 四、用括号中的适当形式填空 A 1Are these _youpencils Yes,they are _our.2Whose is this pencil Its _I.3I love _theyvery much.4She is_Iclassmate.5Miss Li often looks after_shebrother.6Are these _theybags No,they arent _their.They are _we.B1.This bike is my sisters.It belongs to _ 她的;2.This isnt my book._我的 is
24、in the bag.3.They quarrelled among _ 他们.4.You and I understand _ 彼此 perfectly.5.If there are _一些 new magazines in the library,take some for me.五、根据句意用适当的人称代词、物主代词填空：1.Mary works in a book store._ likes_ work very much.2.John and I are in the same school._ go to school together.3.Everybody likes that
25、 sport,do_ 4.She is a friend of_.We got to know each other two years ago.5.Her sister makes all_ own dresses.6.I have many friends.Some of_ are good at English.7.May I use_ bike_ is broken.8.Everybody is here except Ann and _ friend Jane._ are in the library now.六、选择填空 1.Whos singing over there _ is
26、 Sandys sister.D.This 2._ will spend the summer holiday in Hawaii.A.She,you and I B.You,she and I C.I,you and she D.Her,me and you 3.Between you and _,he is not a real friend.A.me B.I C.he D.his 4.My uncle bought a new bike for _.A.theirs B.they C.me D.I 5.Mr Smith often praises _ for his progress i
27、n studies.A.he B.him C.I D.me 6.-Heres a postcard for you,Jim Oh,_ is from my friend,Mary.A.he B.itC.she D.its 7.Dont shake the young tree._ leaves are falling off.You should look after _.A.It,its B.Its,it C.Its,it D.It,it 8.Little Baby knows that he should not take the things that do not belong to
28、_.A.he B.his C.her D.him 9.Will anyone go on a trip with him Not _.A.I B.me C.mine D.he 10.Among those lovely toys,the brown toy dog was given by _.A.he B.his C.him D.hes 特殊疑问句-对划线部分提问 特殊疑问词 意思 用法 What 什么 对物体、东西、动作、提问 When 什么时候 对大概笼统时间提问 What time 几点 对具体时间点提问 Where 哪里 对地点提问 Who 谁 对人提问 Whose 谁的 对事物主人
29、提问 How 怎样 对情况以及方式提问 How many 多少 对数量提问提问可数的 How much 多少 对数量或钱提问不可数的 What color 什么颜色 对颜色提问 What day 星期几 对星期几提问 How old 多大了 对年龄提问 Whats the date 什么日期 对日期的提问 对划线部分提问的步骤：1.根据划线部分的内容选择合适的特殊疑问词,划线部分删去;2.将特殊疑问词放在句首,将原句中有be动词或情态动词提到特殊疑问词后,第一人称改第二人称,大写改小写,句号改疑问号,其他照抄;She is a doctor.Who is she 3.如果原句中既没有 be 动
30、词也没有情态动词时,则借助于助动词 do 或 does,主语为第三人称单数时借助助动词 does,大写改小写,句号变问号,第一人称改第二人称;当主语为第三人称单数时,原句中的动词三单要还原;注意：当划线部分为一个动作时,则确定用特殊疑问词 what,划线部分内容不能直接去删掉,而是用相应的 do 或 doing 代替,当划线部分为一般现在时时,用 do 代替,当划线部分为现在进行时时,则用 doing 代替;特殊疑问句练习：一、选择正确的单词填空 who,where,when is that pretty girl She is my sister.are Jack and Tom They
31、are behind you.do you go to school I go to school from Monday to Friday.has a beautiful flower John has a beautiful flower.are they They are my parents.is my mother She is in the living room.are you going We are going to the bakery面包坊.do Jim and Wendy play ball They play ball in the afternoon.does h
32、e jog He jogs in the park.are you from Im from Changchun city.二、就画线部分提问 is my father.are under the tree.often watch TV after dinner.晚饭后 提示：饭后强调的是时间问题;swims in the swimming pool.游泳池 flies in the sky.often brush my teeth in the evening.likes to play with Bill.s father plays badminton 羽毛球 every weekend
33、.supermarket is near the school.laptop 笔记本电脑 is on the table.has a pair of earrings 耳环.flowers are in the flower pot 花盆.grandpa took us to the zoo.put the gold fish 金鱼 into the fish tank 鱼缸.monkey sleeps at night.三用 what time,what color,what day,what 填空;1.A:_ _ is it B:It is nine oclock.2.A:_ _ does
34、 your mother get up B:My mother gets up at 6:30.3.A:_ _ do you go to bed B:I go to bed at 10:00.4.A:_ _ do Diana and Fiona have supper B:Diana and Fiona have supper at 18:00.5.A:_ _is it B:It is purple.6.A:_ _ is the sky B:The sky is blue.7.A:_ _ is your coat B:My coat is black.8.A:_ _ is the dog B:
35、The dog is white.9.A:_ _ is today B:Today is Monday.10.A:_ _ is tomorrow B:Tomorrow is Tuesday.11.A:_ _ was yesterday 昨天 B:Yesterday was Sunday.12.A:_ _ do you like B:I like red.13.A:_ is this This is a computer 电脑.14.A:_ are you doing B:We are playing basketball.15.A:_ does your mother do B:My moth
36、er is a policewoman.16.A:_ are those B:Those are peppers辣椒.17.A:_ is in the box B:A lovely doll is in the box.18.A:_ is on the table B:The apple is on the table.19.A:_ is in the classroom The blackboard is in the classroom.20.A:_ _ _ B:Mary is hungry.21.A:_ _ _ _ _ B:My favorite color is pink.22.A:_
37、 _ _ _ B:Nick is playing table tennis.四连线：Match 1.Whats on the chair There is a book in the bag.2.How is your father These are apples.3.What are these I go to school by bus.4.What is in the bag The radio is on the chair.5.How do you go to school My father is fine.6.How much is it I wash my face in t
38、he morning.7.What time is it I have two hands.8.When do you wash your face It is four oclock.9.How many hands do you have It is 5 RMB人民币.do you have lunch I have lunch at noon.句型转换练习:一、按要求完成句子要求：A：改为一般疑问句 B：改为否定句 1.I am a student.A:B:2.They are English cars.A:B:3.This is a pencil-box.A:B:4.Its name
39、is Polly.A:B:5.These are my English books.A:B:6.I know his name.A:B:7.Please look after your cat.A:B:8.There is some money in the purse.A:B:9.There are many apples on the tree.A:B:10.You can go to have a look.A:B:11.Come here,please.A B:二、回答句子 A：肯定回答 B：否定回答 1.Are you a teacher A:B:2.Is this your rul
40、er A:B:3.Are those banana trees A:B:4.Is there a picture on the wall A:B:5.Are there any trees on the hill A:B:6.Can you see a bird in the sky A:B:7.Do you know Mr Wang A:B:三、单复数句变换把单数的句子变成复数,复数的变成单数：1.Is this your box:2.There is a boy in the picture.3.That is his new book.4.It is a Chinese car.5.Sh
41、e is a woman worker.6.We have many old pictures.7.Are those English books 8.They are Japanese students.9.Who are those men over there 10.They are some policemen.四、将下列句子改为选择疑问句：1.Tom is in Class Three.用 Class Two_ Tom in Class Three _ Class Two 2.Sam is eleven.用 twelve_ Sam eleven _ twelve she in Tea
42、m Two Is she in Team Three 合并 girl is Lucy.用 Lily_ the girl Lucy _ Lily 5.Your English teacher is a man.用 a woman_your English teacher a man _ a woman 6.The tree is big.用 small_ the tree big _ small 7.My brother is a doctor.用 a teacher_ your brother a doctor _ a teacher 8.Those are apples.用 pears_ t
43、hose apples _ pears 9.There are some sheep on the hill.用 dogs_ there _sheep or _ on the hill 五、就划线部分提问：1.Your book is here._ _ your book 2.Im thirteen.3.Bill is in Class Five._ _ _Bill _ is in Row Nine._ _ _ she _ 5.Thats a map in English._ _ in English 6.Seven and eight is fifteen._ _ seven and eig
44、ht 7.They are boxes _ _ they 8.The woman is Mrs.Read _ _ the woman 9.Mr.Zhang is at home._ Mr.Zhang flowers are near the window._ _ the flowers flowers near the window are purple._ _ are purple flowers near the window are purple._ are purple isnt at school today._ isnt at school today are some books
45、 under the tree._ _ under the tree are fifty books on the desk._ _ _are there on the desk is a child in the tree._ _ _ are there in the tree father is a doctor._ is _ father is fine._ is he is five._ _ is he apples are green._ _ are those apples green apples are mine._ _ are _ are their shoes._ _ are these 23.Its twelve oclock now._ _ _ _now 24.Kate is Mr.Greens daughter._ _ is Kate like the pictures in this book._ _you like in this book s seven ten now._ _ _ _now Leis uncle is a policeman.am Kates brother.Green is an English teacher.Sally is their Chinese teacher.