英语人教版七年级下各单元知识点和语法18793.pdf

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1、七年级下 unit1 一、短语:短语归纳 1.play chess 下国际象棋 2.play the guitar 弹吉他 3.speak English 说英语 4.English club 英语俱乐部 5.talk to 跟说 6.play the violin 拉小提琴 7.play the piano 弹钢琴 8.play the drums 敲鼓 9.make friends 结交挚友 10.do kung fu 练(中国)功夫 11.tell stories 讲故事 12.play games 做嬉戏 13.on the weekend/on weekends 在周末 14 sho

2、w sth to sb=show sb sth 把某物给某人看 用法集萃 典句必背 1.Can you draw Yes,I can./No,I cant.2.What club do you want to join I want to join the chess club.3.You can join the English club.4.Sounds good./That sounds good.1.play+棋类/球类 下棋,打球 2.play the+西洋乐器 弹/拉乐器 3.be good at doing sth.=do well in doing sth.擅长做某事 4.be

3、 good with sb.和某人相处地好 5.need sb.to do sth.须要某人做某事 6.can+动词原形 能/会做某事 5.I can speak English and I can also play soccer.6.Please call Mrs.Miller at 555-3721.二、短语和语法:1.Can you play the guitar 你会弹吉他吗?Yes,I can.是的,我会。No,I cant.不,我不会。情态动词 can 的用法:情态动词无人称和数目的改变,不能独立运用作谓语,后面必需接动词原形,情态动词和动词原形一起构成谓语。常用的情态动词有:c

4、an,may,must,need。含情态动词的句子一般疑问句是把情态动词提到句首,否认句是在情态动词后加 not。play the guitar“弹吉他”,play 后加乐器名词时,乐器名词前要加 the,“play+the+乐器”表示“弹奏某种乐器”。play 后加球类名词时,球类名词前不加 the,“play+球类名词”表示“踢、打某种球”。2.Can you speak English 你会说英语吗?speak English“说英语”,“speak+语言”表示“说某种语言”。say it in English“用英语说它”,如:Can you say it in English 3.I

5、 want to join the art club.我想参加艺术俱乐部。(1).join 是动词,意为“参与,参加”,后面接表示团体、俱乐部或组织的词作宾语,意为“参加某种团体、俱乐部或组织,并成为其中的一员”。若想表示参加某项活动、聚会、竞赛等时,要加介词 in。join 还可以用于“join sb(in doing sth)”构造中,意为“参加到某人中(一起做某事)”。(2).对俱乐部的名称进展提问时,疑问词用 What club,如:I want to join the art club.对划线局部进展提问时,答案是:What club do you want to join 4.Wh

6、at can you do 你会干什么?What can you do 是对主语会干的动作进展提问。如:He can play the piano.(对划线局部进展提问)答案是:What can he do 5.Are you good with kids 你和孩子们相处的好吗?be good with sb 意为“和某人相处的好”,be good for 意为“对有好处”,be good at意为“擅长”6.Come and join us!来参加我们吧!Come and join us!是祈使句,以动词原形开头。come 和 join 是并列关系,用连词 and 相连。7.Can you

7、help kids with swimming 你能扶植孩子们游泳吗?help sb with sth/doing sth 意为“扶植某人干某事”8.Musicians Wanted for School Music Festival 为学校的音乐节聘请音乐家 职业名词+wanted 表示“聘请”9.Can you play the piano,the trumpet,the drums or the guitar 你会弹钢琴、吹喇叭、敲鼓还是会弹吉他?这是一个选择疑问句,并列的选项用 or 连起来,选择疑问句不能用 Yes或 No 答复,只能答其中的一个选项。如:Are you in Cla

8、ss 1 or Class 2 Im in Class 1./Im in Class 2.10.We want two good musicians for our rock band.我们想为我们的摇滚乐队聘请两个音乐家。for our rock band 意为“为我们的摇滚乐队“11.I can do Chinese kung fu.我会表演中国功夫。do Chinese kung fu 意为“表演中国功夫”,其中的 do 是实意动词。12.You can be in our school music festival.你可以参与我们学校的音乐节。be in 意为“参与,参加”13.Ple

9、ase call Zhang Heng at 622-6033.请给张恒打 拨打622-6033。call sb at+号码 意为“给某人打 拨打号 14.Whats your address 你的地址在哪里?问“你的地址在哪里?”疑问词是 what 而不是 where.如:Whats your e-mail address 15.Can you play the guitar well 你弹吉他会弹得很好吗?play the guitar well“弹吉他弹得好”,well 是 good 的副词,用来修饰实义动词 play,修饰实义动词要用副词。16.Come and show us.来出示

10、给我们看。show sth to sb=show sb sth“把某物给某人看”如:Show your photo to me.=Show me your photo.情态动词的用法(1)Can 情态动词 can 有确定的词义,但不能独立存在,它必需及动词原形一起构成谓语。情态动词 can 没有人称和数的改变。其详细用法如下:1.表示能、会,指脑力或体力方面的实力。例如:I can speak English.我会讲英语。Jim can swim but I cant.吉姆会游泳,但我不会。2.表示可能,常用于否认句或疑问句中,指某种可能性。例如:Han Mei cant be in the

11、classroom.韩梅不行能在教室里。Can he come here today,please 请问他今日能到这里来吗?3.表示可以,常用于口语中,指答应或恳求做某事。例如:Can I have a cup of tea,please 请问我可以喝一杯茶吗?You can go out.你可以出去了?补充:can 在口语中可以代替 may,表示答应或可以。cant 在口语中代替 mustnt 时,表示制止或不准。例如:You cant play football in the street.不准在公路上踢足球。情态动词 can 的过去式 could,用于如今时,可使语气更委婉、更客气。例如

12、:Could you help me with my English 你能扶植我学习英语吗?情态动词 can 的根本句型 1.确定句型为:主语+can+动词原形+其它。例如:They can play basketball.他们能打篮球。She can dance.她会跳舞。You can go to watch TV.你可以去看电视了。2.否认句型为:主语+can not(cant/cannot)+动词原形+其它。表示某人不能(不会。不行能)做。其中 cant 是 can not 的缩略式,英国多写成 cannot。例如:You cannot pass the ball like this.

13、你不能像这样传球。I cant ride a motorbike.我不会骑摩托车。3.疑问句句型分为:一般疑问句句型和特殊疑问句句型两种类型。一般疑问句句型为:Can+主语+动词原形+其它。表示某人会(能。可以)做吗?,用于口语时,常表示恳求或答应。其确定答语用Yes,主语+can.作答;否认答语用No,主语+cant.作答。留意答语中作主语的人称代词,应依据问句中的主语作相应的改变。其改变规则为:第一人称问,则第二人称答;第二人称问,则第一人称答;第三人称问,第三人称答。例如:-Can you sing an English song for us 你可以为我们大家唱一首英语歌吗?-Yes.

14、行。(留意在 Yes 后面常省略 I can)-Can I skate我可以滑冰吗?-Yes,you can.可以。-Can she climb hills 她能爬山吗 -No,she cant.不,她不能。特殊疑问句句型为:a.Who+can+动词原形+其它。该句型中 who 相当于主语。例如:-Who can sing in English in your class 你们班上谁会用英语唱歌?-Lily can.莉莉会。b.特殊疑问词(作定语)+名词+can+主语+动词原形+其它。该句型中的特殊疑问词常用 how many,how much 等。例如:-How many boats can

15、 you see in the river 你能看见河中有多少只船吗?-Only one boat.仅有一只。c.特殊疑问词+can+主语+动词原形+其它。该句型中的特殊疑问词常用what,where,when 等,一般用确定陈述句作答。例如:-What can you see in the picture 你能在图画中看到什么?-I can see some birds and two big trees in it.我能看到一些鸟儿和两棵大树。(2)Need 作为情态动词的“need”的用法及其他情态动词“can”,“may”,“must”的用法根本一样:在限定动词词组中总是位居第一,没有

16、非限定形式,即没有不定式、-ing 分词或-ed 分词等形式;第三人称单数如今时没有词形改变;情态动词之间是互相排挤的,即在一个限定动词词组中只能有一个情态动词。下面是“need”作为情态动词的用法:一、need 表示“须要”或“必需”,通常用于否认句和疑问句。例如:1You neednt do it again你不须要再做了。2He neednt worry about it这件事他无需担忧。3Need he do this homework first?他须要先做这些作业吗?Yes,he must.no,he neednt.4Need they fill in the form?他们须要填

17、表吗?.单项选择(15 分)()1.My sister likes playing the guitar,but she cant play _.A.nice B.good C.well ()2.Are you good _ swimming Yes,and I think I can help kids _ it.A.with;in B.with;with C.at;with()3.He wants _ the English club.A.to join B.to be C.be in ()4.My father cant play _ basketball.He can play _ p

18、iano.A.the;the B./;the C.the;/()5.Why do you want to _ the English club Because Mr Li in the club is good _ us.A.have;with B.join;with C.join;at ()6.My brother doesnt like playing basketball _ watching TV.A.and B.but C.or ()7.Can you speak Chinese,Tom Yes,but only _.A.lots of B.many C.a little ()8._

19、 do you want to join The music club.A.What club B.When C.What ()9.Hi!Can I help you _.I want to join the club.A.No,thanks a lot B.Great C.Yes,please ()10._ He can do Chinese kung fu well.A.Can he do Chinese kung fu B.What can he do C.Does he want to join the Chinese kung fu club ()11.-What can you d

20、o -I can _.A.play the guitar B.play violin C.swimming D.join the club ()12.-Can Tom help kids _ swimming -Yes,can.A.x B.with C.for D.to ()13.-_ do you want to join the chess club -Because I like chess very much.A.Who B.How C.Why D.What ()14.What is the first day of the week A.Monday B.Friday C.Satur

21、day D.Sunday ()15.I can swim well.I want to join the _ club.A music B chess C swimming D、musician 1Gina wants to j _ the music club.2Can you s _ English 3I can play the guitar but cant play the p _.4.Can you h _ kids with swimming 用所给单词适当形式填空 41.Can you help kids with _(dance)Yes,I can.42.They want_

22、(join)the baseball club.43.Can you _(sing)44.The girl likes music.She wants to be a _ (music).45.Do you want to join the_ (swim)club 46.Are you good with_ (kid),Jim 47He wants to join the_(dance)club.48.She can _(play)basketball.49.She can help _(I)with _(I)English.50.I need _(buy)a pen UNIT2 Unit 2

23、 What time do you go to school 短语归纳 1.what time 几点 2.go to school 去上学 3.get up 起床 4.take a shower 洗淋浴 5.brush teeth 刷牙 6.get to 到达 7.do homework 做家庭作业 8.go to work 去上班 9.go home 回家 10.eat breakfast 吃早饭 11.get dressed 穿上衣服 12.get home 到家 13.eitheror 要么要么 14.go to bed 上床睡觉 15.in the morning/afternoon/

24、evening 在上午/下午/晚上 16.take a walk 漫步 17.lots of=a lot of 很多,大量 18.radio station 播送电台 19.at night 在晚上 20.be late for=arrive late for 迟到 用法集萃 典句必背 1.What time do you usually get up I usually get up at six thirty.2.Thats a funny time for breakfast.3.When do students usually eat dinner They usually eat d

25、inner at a quarter to seven in the evening.4.In the evening,I either watch TV or play computer games.1.at+详细时间点 在几点(几分)2.eat breakfast/lunch/dinner 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭 3.thirtyhalf past+基数词 点半 4.fifteena quarter to+基数词 差一刻到点 5.take a/an+名词 从事活动 6.from to 从到 7.need to do sth 须要做某事 5.At twelve,she eats lots of

26、fruit and vegetables for lunch.6.She knows its not good for her,but it tastes good.7.Here are your clothes.二、主要句式:What time do you usually get up?I usually get up at six thirty.What time does Rick eat breakfast?He eats breakfast at seven oclock.When does Scott go to work?He always goes to work at el

27、even oclock.He is never late.Thats a funny time for breakfast.三、语言点:1.get 相关词组辨析:get up 起床;get on 上(车、船等);get off:下(车、船等)2.interested 及 interesting 单词 含义 用法 Interested 感爱好;对感爱好 通常修饰“人”,通常用于be/get/feel/become interested in 构造中 Interesting 令人感爱好的;好玩的 通常修饰“物”3.oclock 的用法:指“点钟”,用在整点之后。Eg:six oclock 4.fu

28、n 及 funny 区分:两者含以上有差异:funny 表示“好玩的,滑稽的”,它指的是一种滑稽而可笑的“好玩”,侧重点是让人确定好玩或发笑。(1)询问时间 when/what time(2)时辰表达 一、整点表达法:基数词+oclock 表示整点,留意 oclock 须用单数,也可以省略。如:8:00 eight oclock 10:00 ten (oclock)二、几点几分 表达法:“顺读法”-即用基数词按钟点+分钟的依次干脆写出时间。如:2:05 two o five 6:18 six eighteen 7:30 seven thirty 10:52 ten fifty-two “倒读法

29、”-即用基数词按分钟+介词+钟点的依次写出时间。1)30 分以前,分钟+past+钟点 如:3:25 twenty-five past three 7:14 fourteen past seven 12:07 seven past twelve 2)30 分以后,(60分钟)+to+(钟点+1)如:8:46 fourteen to nine 5:37 twenty-three to six 1:58 two to two 3)15 整分用 quarter 表示,30 分钟用 half 表示。如:4:15 a quarter past four 8:45 a quarter to nine 6:

30、30 half past six 三、若想表示上午,可在时间后加上 am 或 a.m.。如:six thirteen a.m.(上午六点十三分)。若想说明是下午,在时间后加上 pm 或 p.m.。如:four oclock p.m.(下午四点)等。四、若表示的时间不够精确,可在时间前加上介词 about。如:about eight(大约八点)等。五、在时间前面应用介词 at 来表示“在”。如:at nine 在九点钟,at about five thirty p.m.大约在下午五点三 十五分等。unit3 短语归纳 1.get to school 到达学校 2.take the subway

31、乘地铁 3.ride a bike 骑自行车 4.how far 多远 5.from home to school 从家到学校 6.every day 每天 7.take the bus 乘公共汽车 8.by bike 骑自行车 9.bus stop 公共汽车站 10.think of 认为 11.between and 在和之间 12.one 11-year-old boy 一个 11 岁的男孩 13.play with 和玩 e true 实现 15.have to 不得不 用法集萃 典句必背 1.How do you get to school I ride my bike.2.How

32、far is it from your home to school 3.How long does it take you to get to school 4.For many students,it is easy to get to school.5.There is a very big river between their school and the village.HOW 开头的特殊疑问 句 1 询问动作执行的方式手段,“怎样”1.take to=go to by 乘去 2.How do/does(sb)get to 是怎样到的?3.How far is it from to

33、 从到有多远?4.It takes sb.some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间。5.How long does it take to do sth.花费多长时间?6.It is+adj.+to do sth.做某事是.7.Thanks for+n./Ving 感谢你(做)某事。2 询问动作执行的程度“怎样”3 询问身体 4 第一次见面 how do you do 5how about 征求意见 6how many/how much/how old/how far/how long/how often/how soon unit 4 短语归纳 1.on time 准时,

34、按时 2.listen to 听 3.in class 在课上 4.be late for 做迟到 5.have to 不得不 6.be quiet 宁静 7.go out 外出 8.do the dishes 清洗餐具 9.make breakfast 做早饭 10.make(ones)bed 铺床 11.be noisy 吵闹 12.keep ones hair short 留短发 13.play with sb.和某人一起玩 14.play the piano 弹钢琴 15.have fun 玩得兴奋 16.make rules 制订规则 用法集萃 1.Dont+动词原形+其他,不要做某

35、事。2.help sb.(to)do sth.扶植某人做某事 3.too many+可数名词复数 太多的 4.practice doing sth.练习做某事 5.be strict with sb.对某人要求严格 6.be strict in sth.对某事要要求严格 7.leave sth sp.把某物忘在某地 8.keep+宾语+形容词 使保持某种状态 9.learn to do sth.学会做某事 10.have to do sth.不得不做某事 典句必背 1.Dont arrive late for class.上课不要迟到。2.Can we bring music players

36、to school 我们可以带音乐播放器到学校吗?3.And we always have to wear the school uniform.并且我们总是不得不穿校服。4.There are too many rules!有太多的规则!5.Dont leave the dirty dishes in the kitchen!不要把脏盘子留在厨房里!6.I have to keep my hair short.我不得不留短发。祈使句 祈使句指的是表示吩咐、恳求、建议或劝说的句子。其主语 you 常省略,谓语动词用原形,句末用感慨号或句号,读降调。1.确定的祈使句 (1)动词原形+其他 Sta

37、nd up,please.=Please stand up.请起立。(2)Be+adj.Be careful!=Look out!=Take care!留神/留神!(3)Lets+动词原形 Lets go to school together.咱们一起上学去吧。2.否认的祈使句 (1)Dont+动词原形 Dont stand up.别站起来。Dont be careless.别马虎。Dont let them play with fire.别让他们玩火。(2)Lets(let sb)+not+动词原形 Lets not say anything about it.对于这件事,咱们什么也别说。L

38、et them not play with fire.别让他们玩火。(3).在公共场合的提示语中,否认祈使句常用 No+名词/V-ing 形式构造,表示制止做某事 例如:NO PHOTOS!制止拍照!(4)在 Be 动词引起的确定祈使句前加 Dont,构成 Dont be+其它成分(形容词、名词或介词短语等)。(5)例如:Dont be careless.不要马虎。留意:在这种句型中 be 不能省略;否认副词 not 不行置于 be 之后。3.祈使句的反意疑问句 (1)确定祈使句的反意疑问句反问局部用 will you 或 wont you。Please open the door,will/

39、wont you 请把门翻开,好吗?(2)否认祈使句的反意疑问句反问局部只用 will you。Dont be late again,will you 别再迟到了,行不行?(3)以 lets 开头的祈使句反意疑问句反问局部用 shall we。Lets turn on the TV,shall we 我们把电视翻开,好吗?只有以 lets 开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问局部才用shall we,而 let us 开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问局部应为 will you 或 wont you.如:Let us stay here,will/wont you 请(你)让我们留在这好吗?unit 5

40、 短语归纳 1.kind of 有几分,有点儿 2.be from/come from 来自于 3.South Africa 南非 4.all day 成天 5.for a long time 很长时间 6.get lost 迷路 7.places with food and water 有食物和水的地方 8.cut down 砍倒 9.in(great)danger 处于(极大)危急之中 10.twelve years old 十二岁 11.things made of ivory 由象牙制成的东西 用法集萃 典句必背 1.Why do you like pandas 你为什么宠爱熊猫?Be

41、cause theyre kind of interesting.因为它们有点儿好玩。2.Why does John like koalas 约翰为什么宠爱树袋熊?Because theyre very cute.因为它们特别得意。3.Why dont you like tigers 你为什么不宠爱老虎?Because theyre really scary.因为它们真的吓人。4.Where are lions from 狮子来自哪里?Theyre from South Africa.它们来自南非。5.Elephants can walk for a long time and never g

42、et lost.大象能走很长时间并且从不迷路。6.They can also remember places with food and water.它们也能记住有食物和水的地方。7.But elephants are in great danger.但是,大象处于极大危急之中。8.People cut down many trees so elephants are losing their homes.1.Why 为什么?Because 因为 2.let sb.do sth.让某人做某事 3.want to do sth.想要做某事 4.one of+名词复数 之一 5.forget to

43、 do sth.遗忘要做某事 6.forget doing sth.遗忘做过某事 7.help sb.(to)do sth.扶植某人做某事 8.be friendly to sb.对某人友好 人们砍倒了很多树,因此,大象慢慢失去它们的家园。9.Today there are only about 3,000 elephants(over 100,000 before)如今仅有大约 3000 头大象(之前超过 10 万头大象)。10.Isnt she beautiful 她莫非不漂亮吗?1 形容词的作用和用法 形容词是指用来修饰、说明名词或不定代词,表示人或物的性质、特征和状态。一般放在它所修饰

44、的名词前作定语,也可独立作表语或宾语补足语等。i.作定语:This is an interesting story.Kitty is a clever cat.ii.作表语:Yao Ming is very tall.Our classroom is big and bright.iii.作宾语补足语:Dont make your hands dirty.Were trying to make our school beautiful.留意:a.有些形容词只能作表语。如:alone,afraid,asleep 等。如:That old man feels alone because his c

45、hildren are out.Im afraid he cant come.b.形容词及不定代词 something,anything,nothing,everything等连用时,要放在这些词后面。如:There is something wrong with my DVD machine.Its nothing serious.c.某些形容词可以和定冠词连用,表示一类人或事物,其作用相当于一个名词。如:the young(年轻人),the poor(穷人),the rich(富人)d.假设有两个以上的形容词修饰同一个名词时,其前后排列依次一般如下:限定词(a/the,this/some/

46、her)+数量词(先序数词后基数词)+观点+大小+形态+新旧+颜色+产地+材料+名词。如:a big old German computer 2WHY(1)询问缘由 what for(2)征求意见 why not.UNIT 6 短语归纳 1.watch TV 看电视 2.read a newspaper 看报纸 3.talk on the phone 通过 交谈 4.listen to music 听音乐 5.use the computer 运用电脑 6.make soup做汤 7.wash the dishes 洗餐具 8.kind of 有点儿 用法集萃 典句必背 1.Why are y

47、ou doing 你在做什么?Im watching TV.我在看电视。2.Whats she doing 她在做什么?Shes washing her clothes.她在洗她的衣服。3.What are they doing 他们在做什么?Theyre listening to a CD.他们在听一张 CD 唱片。4.Are you doing your homework 你在做你的家庭作业吗?1.What+be+主语+doing 正在做什么?主语+be+doing sth.正在做某事。2.Id love/like to do sth.我情愿做某事。3.any other+可数名词单数 其

48、他任何一个 4.wish to do sth.盼望做某事 Yes,I am./No,Im not.Im cleaning my room.是的,我在做。/不,我没有。我在清扫我的房间。5.Zhu Hui misses his family and wishes to have his moms delicious zongzi.朱辉思念他的家人并盼望吃上他妈妈的可口粽子。如今进展时 1.定义:表示如今或现阶段正在进展的动作。常及 now,these days 等时间状语连用,句首有 Look!/Listen!等提示语。Im visiting my friends now.Look!He is

49、sitting there.2.根本构造:be 动词(am,is,are)+动词的如今分词构成(动词-ing)确定句:be+doing 否认句:be+not doing 一般疑问句:Be 动词提早到句子开头+主语+doing 记忆口诀:如今进展主动宾,be+动词-ing 要记清;助动词(am,is,are)跟着主语变,am,is,are+-ing;变疑问,助动词(am,is,are)后主语跟,变否认,助动词(am,is,are)后 not 跟。例句:确定句:I am working.He is working.They are working.否认句:I am not working.He i

50、s not working.They are not working.疑问句:Are you working Is he working Are they working 回 答:Yes,I am.Yes,he is.Yes,they are.No,Im not.No,he isnt.No,they arent.留意:如今进展时的特殊用法:1)如今进展时及 always 连用时,往往含有赞扬、厌恶、责怪等感情色调。如:He is always working hard.他总是特别努力地工作。(表示赞扬)2)come,go,begin,start,leave 等动词常用如今进展时表示将要发生的动

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