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1、大学英语（B）考前辅导交际用语一.一.题型及分值题型及分值二.二.备考注意的几个方面备考注意的几个方面三.三.三三.交际功能分类练习交际功能分类练习四.四.四四.语法句型分类练习语法句型分类练习一.一.考试题型及分值考试题型及分值二.五道选择题，按日常会话内容设计，目的是检验在不同的情景中运用英语进行交际的能力。每题3分，占试卷总分的15%。内容相对简单，但是要仔细，全部选项看完后再选。5分钟内完成。二二.备考应注意的几个方面备考应注意的几个方面 1 熟悉常见情景中的交际句型熟悉常见情景中的交际句型 日常交际中，人们为了获取所需的信息或达到交际的目的，在特定的情景中使用不同的交际功能的句型，熟
2、悉掌握这些句型有助于了解说话人的意图及题目的考点在，为选出正确的答案奠定良好的基础。2.2.根据规律来判断选择根据规律来判断选择在熟悉交际功能句型的基础上，找出答语或上 下文的一些规律，如“礼貌原则”、“利他原则”、时态、句型一致、肯定或否定的一致等规律来帮助自己作出正确的判断与选择A.A.礼貌原则礼貌原则 在任何场合、表达什么看法在任何场合、表达什么看法/情感，发话情感，发话/发问和应发问和应答都要有礼貌，表达不同看法或批评意见，也要委答都要有礼貌，表达不同看法或批评意见，也要委婉间接表达，使对方听起来不刺耳，例如：婉间接表达，使对方听起来不刺耳，例如：Do you think I can
3、use your car for one day?_ A.Im afraid not.B.No,you cant.C.I wont let you do that.D.Absolutely not.B.B.利他原则利他原则 英语国家的一种习俗，要尽可能为对方提供帮助英语国家的一种习俗，要尽可能为对方提供帮助和方便，对别人遇到的好事和方便，对别人遇到的好事/成功要表示高兴，坏成功要表示高兴，坏事要表示难过事要表示难过/惋惜，在交际用语中也要体现出来惋惜，在交际用语中也要体现出来这种倾向，例如：这种倾向，例如：I am going to the City Hall,can you tell me
4、how to get there,madam?A.No,you dont knowB.I dont know.C.Yes,you will.D.Sorry,I am new here too.But you can ask the policeman over there.C.文化遵从原则 要有跨文化视角，克服本民族的习惯思维，用得要有跨文化视角，克服本民族的习惯思维，用得体、符合对方习惯的方式来应答。例如：体、符合对方习惯的方式来应答。例如：Mary,your dress is really beautiful.How is John?_.A.Thank you very muchB.No,
5、no,John is not badC.Thank you.He is fine D.Dont say that.Its ugly.John is good3.3.按照英语的文化习惯选答案按照英语的文化习惯选答案 英汉两种语言之间存在一定的文化差异，在做题时，应按照英语的习惯来选择答语，如接电话时的答语，反意疑问句的答语，情态动词MUST的否定性答语等。三、根据交际功能分类练习三、根据交际功能分类练习 为了帮助大家更好的学习掌握交际用语，下面把常见的一些交际用语进行分类归纳总结，希望通过这些练习，大家能熟悉了解，并逐渐培养自己的分析判断和运用交际语言的能力。一、提出请求，征求许可一、提出请求，
6、征求许可MayI?Wouldyou?Can/couldI?Doyouthink?Yes/Sure/CertainlyOfcourseThatsOK/Allright（肯定）ImafraidImsorryYoudbetternotIdratheryoudidnt.（注意拒绝方式比较委婉，要给出原因）1.Hello,mayItalktotheheadmasternow?2.A.Sorry,heisbusyatthemoment.B.No,youcantC.Sorry,youcantD.Idontknow2.DoyouthinkIcouldborrowyourdictionary?A.Yes,you
7、mayborrowB.Yes,goonC.Yes,helpyourselfD.Itdoesntmatter3.MayIseeyourticketsandpassports,please?A.No,youcantB.Yes,youcanC.Hereyouare(Heretheyare)D.No,theyaremine4.Canyouturndowntheradio,please?A.Oh,IknowB.Imsorry,IdidntrealizeitwasthatloudC.IllkeepitdownnexttimeD.Pleaseforgiveme5.CanIborrowyourcamerafo
8、raweek?A.Sure,hereyouareB.Yes,youcanborrowC.Yes,bringitwithyouD.Itdoesntmatter(05/12真题)6.CouldIborrowyourCDofEnglishsongs?A.No,Iamnotavailable.B.B.Imsorry.Itsnotathandnow.C.C.Itsverykindofyou.D.D.Thankyouverymuch.E.（06/11真题）特别要注意题目中含有mind时的回答，mind意为“介意”，不介意时要用否定回答，特别留心！例如：Wouldyoumindchangingseatswi
9、thme?A.Yes,youcanB.OfcourseIliketoC.No,IdontmindD.Certainly,pleasedoDoyoumindtellingmewhereyourefrom?A.Certainly.ImfromLondon.B.Sure.IwasborninLondon.C.Notreally,youcandoit.D.Certainlynot.ImfromLondon.Itscoldinhere.DoyoumindifIclosethedoor?A.WithpleasureB.Yes,pleaseC.OfcoursenotD.Thankyou(05/12真题)Il
10、lbeawayonabusinesstrip.Wouldyoumindlookingaftermycat?Notatall._A.Ivenotime.B.Idrathernot.C.Idlikeit.D.Idbehappyto.（06/11真题）二）提供、寻求帮助二）提供、寻求帮助Can/CouldIhelpyou?（常为服务业人员用语）IsthereanythingIcandoforyou?Doyouwantmeto?WhatcanIdoforyou?Letmedo/carry/help?（肯定回答）Thanks.Thatwouldbenice/fine.Thatsverykindofyou
11、.Thankyouforyouhelp.No,thanks/thankyou(否定回答，注意拒绝方式)ThankyouallthesameThatsverykindofyou,but（寻求帮助及回答）IwonderifyoucouldhelpmePleasegivemeahandCanyouhelpmewithmy?Certainly/OfcourseYes,whatcanIdoforyou1.CanIhelpyouwithyoursuitcase?2.A.Ihavenoidea3.B.No,no.Icancarryitmyself4.C.Thatsagoodidea5.D.Thankyou.
12、Icanmanagemyself2.CanIhelpyoutogetitdown?A.NoproblemB.Yes.LetsgetitC.Thanks.Itssoniceofyou.D.ItsnotroubleatallCanIhelpyouwithyourluggage?A.Thankyou.IcanmanageitmyselfB.Noway.IcandoitmyselfC.No,IdontneedyourhelpD.Youdoyourthings,please(05/12真题)三）提出建议、劝告Youdbetter(not)Shallwe?Youshould/oughttoLetsWhat
13、/Howabout?Whynot?Whydontyou?Sure/GreatThatsagoodideaNo,thanks1.Thereisanhourtogo.Couldweseatsomewheretohaveadrink?2.A.HaveatryB.sure3.C.DontgopleaseD.No,Icant4.2.Whataboutanothercoffee?5.A.No,thanksB.YouresokindC.YesofcourseD.Sorryforthetrouble3.Whataboutgoingforawalk?A.WalkingisgoodtoyouB.Thatsallr
14、ightC.So,doID.Whynot?Agoodidea.4.Inmyopinion,youdbettertakeacoupleofdaysoff.A.IwilltakeyouradviceB.LetmeseeC.NevermindD.Imafraidso四）邀请与约会Willyoucometo?Wouldyouliketo?IdliketoinviteyoutoYes,IdlovetoYes,itsverykind/niceofyouIdloveto,but(拒绝要给理由！)Areyou/Willyoubefree?Howabouttomorrow?Shallwemeetat?Yes,t
15、hatsallrightYes,IllbefreethenAllright.SeeyouthenNo,Iwontbefreethen.2.Wearegoingtohaveadancingpartytonight.Wouldyouliketojoinus?A.Yes,itsverykindofyouB.Ofcoursenot.IhavenoideaC.No,IcantD.Thatsallset3.Canyoucomeoverfordinnerwithus?A.Idloveto,butIhaveameetingtonightB.ItdoesntmatterC.No,IdontlikeD.Oh,th
16、atsoundswell4.Ihavegottwoticketsforthematch.Shallwegoandwatchittogether?A.TheticketsmustbeexpensiveB.ThematchmustbeexcitingC.Whynot?LetsgoD.TheplaceistoofarawayWillyougoonapicnicwithustomorrow?A.Yes,butIllhaveEnglishclasses.B.Sorry,IhaveanappointmentwithDr.Brown.C.ImafraidIhavenoidea.D.Iwont.Itskind
17、ofyou.(06/5)五）感谢、祝贺、称赞Thankyou(verymuch)ThanksalotManythanksThanksforNotatallYourewelcomeIts/ThatsallrightDontmentionit(回答要真诚)CongratulationsWelldoneHowbeautiful回答时不要自谦，表示感谢Thankyouverymuchforgivingmesomuchhelp.A.NothankyouB.YourewelcomeC.OKD.Thanks(06/3)Thankyoueversomuchforthebookyougaveme.A.Notha
18、nksB.ImgladyoulikeitC.Yes,itisgoodD.No,itsnotsogood（06/3）YouvegivenusawonderfulChinesedinner,Mrs.Wang.（感谢加恭唯）A.Oh,IdontthinkIcookedverywell.B.Imgladyouenjoyedit.C.Comeagainwhenyouarefree.D.Itsnotnecessaryforyoutosayso.（06/5）2.Iwasworriedaboutchemistry,butMr.BrowngavemeanA!A.Dontworryaboutit.B.Congra
19、tulations!Thatsadifficultcourse.C.Mr.Brownisverygood.D.Goodlucktoyou.3.Congratulations!Youwonthefirstprizeintodaysspeechcontest._A.Yes,IbeattheothersB.No,no.IdidntdoitwellC.ThankyouD.Itsapleasure4.Welldone.Congratulationsonyoursuccess.A.ThankyouverymuchB.Oh,no,noC.No,IdidntdoverywellD.Sorry,Icouldnt
20、beanybetter(07/4)5.Youhavelovelychildren.A.No,no,theyarenot.B.Oh,no,noC.YouaretalkingtoomuchD.Thanks（07/4）Whatabeautifuldressyourewearing!A.No,thanksB.ThankyouC.Yes,itisD.Sorry,itisnt(05/12)六）歉意、同情Imsorryfor/aboutExcusemeforImafraidThatsallrightItdoesntmatterThatsnothingThatsOK.ImsorrytohearWhatapit
21、y/shame!1.Oh,sorrytobotheryou.2._3.A.Thatsokay4.B.No,youcant5.C.Thatsgood6.D.Oh,Idontknow2.Excuseme.IdontwanttointerruptyoubutA.CanIhelpyou?B.Certainly,howdareyouC.ItsquiteallrightD.Yes,youdid3.Oh,Imsorry.ButIpromiseIllbecarefulnexttime.A.ItsnothingatallB.Oh,nevermind.ItdoesntmatterC.ThankyouD.There
22、arenoquestionsSorry,Ihavekeptyouwaiting.A.ThatsallrightB.IdontcareC.ImsadD.No,notatallE.(05/12)4.MygrandmotherstakenillandIvegottogodowntothehospital.A.WearegoingtothesameplaceB.Verysorrytohearit.IhopeitsnothingseriousC.Really?D.Letmegowithyou七）问候与告别Howareyou?Howseverything?Fine,thankyou,andyou?Very
23、well,thankyouJustsosoImafraidImustbeleavingnow.Ithinkitstimeforustoleavenow.GoodnightGoodbyeSeeyoulater/tomorrow1.Hello,Sally.Howseverything?2._3.A.Goodforyou4.B.Oh,Iagree5.C.Thatsright6.D.Justsoso2.Howarethingswithyou,Bill?_A.Hello,sureB.IamterriblybusythesedaysC.MindyouownbusinessD.Seeyoulater3.Go
24、odnightandthanksagain._A.YoucantsaythatB.Oh,no.ItswhatIcandoC.HowcanyousaythatD.Goodnight4.Well,itsgettinglate.Imustbegoing.Thankyouagainforinvitingmetotheparty.A.Oh,itssolateB.ThankyouforcomingC.Oh,sosoon?D.Ireallyhadahappytime八）在商场/与服务行业人员对话WhatcanIdoforyou?May/CanIhelpyou?Iwant/IdlikeHowmuchisit?
25、Thatstooexpensive,ImafraidThatsfine.Illtakeit1.WhatcanIdoforyou,madam?2.3.A.Iwantakiloofapples4.B.Youcangoyourownway5.C.Thanks6.D.Excuseme.Iambusy2.Goodmorning,Sir.MayIhelpyou?_A.No,IdontbuyanythingB.No,IdontneedyourhelpC.Yes,IneedsomesugarD.Oh,no.ThatOK.3.Idliketobuyashirt._A.Howmuchisit?B.Thatsfin
26、eC.Whatcolordoyouwant?D.Yes,Ithinkso4.CanIhelpyou,Sir?A.Thanks,Imjusthavingalook.B.Idontmind.C.No,Imleavingsoon.D.Itsallright.九）在餐馆/就餐Whatwouldyoulike(tohave)?Wouldyoulikesomething(toeat/drink)?IdlikeTwoeggs,pleaseWouldyoulikesomemore?HelpyourselftosomeThankyou.IvehadenoughImfull,thankyouJustalittle
27、1.Wouldyouliketoordernow?2._3.A.Imfullnow4.B.Yes.Idlikefishandsoup5.C.Butthepriceishigh6.D.Itsverykindofyou2.Excuseme.Isthistabletaken?_A.WehaventbookedthedishesB.WehaventorderedthedishesC.Yes.ImsavingtheseseatsforfriendsD.Yes.Imstuffed5.Haveyougotatableforfour,Waiter?_A.WearegoingtorestaurantB.Yes,
28、sure.Thisway,pleaseC.WehavebookedtheseatsD.Herearethemenus.十）打电话与接电话Hello!Is(Tom)in?Isthat(speaking)?May/CouldIspeakto?Holdon,please.Hello,whoisit?He/SheisnthererightnowCanItakeamessageforyou?Hello,thisisspeaking1.Hi,isMarrythere,please?2._3.A.Holdon.Iwillgether4.B.No,sheisnthere5.C.Yes,sheliveshere
29、6.D.Yes,whatdoyouwant2.CouldIspeaktoHarris,please._A.Oh,howareyouB.ImJohnC.ImlisteningD.Speaking3.Hello,IdliketospeaktoMark,please._A.Yes,ImMarkB.ThisisMarkspeakingC.ItsmehereD.Thisisme4.Imsorry.Bobsnotintheoffice._A.CanyoutakeamessageformeB.AreyousureforthatC.WouldyouliketoleaveamessageD.Canyouphon
30、eme5.Hello,couldIspeaktoDonplease?_A.Whoareyou?B.Whatstheproblem?C.AreyouJane?D.Whoisspeaking?(06/5)十一）问路与指路Excuseme.Whereisthe?Excuseme.Canyoutellmethewayto?Godownthisstreet/turnright/turnleftItsaboutmetersfromhere.Gostraightaheadtillyousee1.Excuseme,sir.WhereisDr.Brownsoffice?_A.YoucantaskmeB.Pard
31、on?IhavenoideaC.PleasedontsaysoD.SorryIdontknow,butyoucanaskthemanoverhere2.Excuseme,butcanyoutellmethewaytotheairport?_A.DontaskthatB.Sorry,IamastrangerhereC.No,IcantsaythatD.No,youaredrivingtoofast3.Excuseme,isthistherightdirectionfortheschool?A.Well,no,youregoinginthewrongdirectionB.No,dontaskmeC
32、.No,IdontknowD.Dontgothisway4.Excuseme,howcanIgettothenearestsupermarket?_A.ItsnotfarfromthereB.ThesupermarketisverylargeC.ThegoodsthereareveryexpensiveD.Godownthisstreetandturnleft.十二看病、询问病情ThereissomethingwrongwithIvegotIfeelterribleIdontfeelwell.Areyoufeelingbetter?TakethismedicinethreetimesadayD
33、rinkplentyofwaterandhaveagoodrestItsnothingseriousYoullbeallright/wellsoon1.Isthereanythingserious,doctor?2._3.A.Imgoingtohaveanothercheck-up4.B.Theresultsofthebloodtestarewrong5.C.No.Juststayinbedanddrinkmore6.water7.D.Yes.Youcangohometomorrow2.Hey,Barbara.Youlooksopale._A.ImjustgettingoverthefluB.
34、ItdoesntmatterC.YoudidntsleepwelllastnightD.Imsorrytohearthat3.Areyoufeelingbettertoday,Mrs.Silver?_A.DontworryaboutmeB.JuststayinbedandhaveagoodrestC.TheremustbesomethingwrongD.Yes,thanksdoctor.ButIstillfeeldizzy十三）喜欢、同意、肯定与否Ilike/loveverymuchIdontlike/loveIhateNoproblem.Allright.IagreewithyouNo,Id
35、ontthinksoImafraidIcantagreewithyou.Imsure.Imnotsure.Perhaps/Maybe1.WhatkindofTVprogramdoyoulikebest?_A.IlikethemverymuchB.IonlywatchthematweekendC.Itshardtosay,actuallyD.Imtoobusytosay2.Ireallyenjoypopmusic.Whatsyourfavorite?_A.No,notatallB.NeitherdoIC.SodidID.Well,actuallyIlikeclassicalmusic十四）天气、
36、旅行、娱乐Whatstheweatherliketoday?Howistheweatherin?Itsfine/cloudy/windy/rainyWhat/Howaboutyour?Veryinteresting1.Niceweather,isntit?2._3.A.Imnotsure4.B.Youknowitwell5.C.Yes,itis6.D.Yes,itisnt2.Whatstheweatherlikeinyourhometown?_A.ItsaniceplaceB.IlikethefoodthereC.HeasksmeifIliketheweatherD.Itscoldinwint
37、erandhotinsummer3.Whatwasyourjourneylike?_A.ItwasterriblyinterestingB.Yes,IlikeitverymuchC.IliketravelingD.Idontliketravelingatall4.Howisthemovie?Interesting?_A.ItwasshownlateuntilmidnightB.ItwasstarredbyafewfamouspeopleC.Farfrom.IshouldhavestayedathomewatchingTV.D.Iwasseatedfarawayinthecorner5.What
38、doyouthinkaboutthisstory?_A.ThankyoufortellingmethestoryB.Yes,itsareallystoryC.IlikeitverymuchD.SodoI四四.语法句型分类练习语法句型分类练习 一）特殊疑问句一）特殊疑问句 特殊疑问句回答时要针对特殊疑问词作出相应具体的回答 1.Thatmanaloneoverthere.Whoishe?_A.HeisastudentB.HeisDoctorTookC.Adriver,IsupposeD.Hesdrunk2.WhydontyoutraveltoNewYorkonvacation?_A.Idontw
39、anttogoB.Excuseme,becauseIcantC.IwanttobutIhaventgotenoughmoneyD.BecauseImgoingtoschooltoday3.Whatsubjectsareyoustudying?_A.Yes,ImstudyhistoryB.ImstudyingnowC.ImstudyingphilosophyD.Imdoingmyhomework4.Whichlanguagedoyouspeakathome?_A.IspeakEnglishverywellB.IcanspeakEnglishandFrenchC.Englishismymother
40、tongueD.English,mostofthetime5.WhendoesthenextbusleaveforGlasgow?A.IveneverbeenthereB.ThenextoneisfasterC.TheyleaveeveryhourD.Thecityisfaraway6.Excuseme,howfaristheairportfromhere?_A.YoucantakeataxiB.ItsaboutthirtymilesC.IllflytoSidneyD.Itsonlysixhundreddollars7.Canyoutellmehowmucharadiolikethiscost
41、s?_A.IdliketobuyitB.ItsofverygoodqualityC.Abouteighty-fivedollarsD.Itdependsonhowyoulikeit8.Howoftendoyouhavelisteningclassesinaweek?A.ListeningclassesaredifficultB.LastweekandtheweekbeforeC.TheyhavenolisteningclassesD.EveryMondayandFriday10.WhatdoesyourEnglish-teacherlooklike?_A.ShelikessingingB.Sh
42、elookssadC.ShelikestostaywithusD.Shelooksmuchlikehermother二）二）.反意疑问句反意疑问句 反意疑问句是在陈述句后附简短的一般疑问句构成的问句，一般前肯定，后否定；或者，前否定后肯定）前面句中有never等否定词时也是否定句，反意部分要用肯定式。反意问句的答语应根据实际情况确定：内容是肯定的，就用yes；内容是否定的，则用no。当前面句子为否定时，尤要特别小心，不要搞错。1.Youarenotthemanagerhere,areyou?_A.Yes,ImnotB.No,IamC.Yes,IamD.No,notatall2.Suelooks
43、goodinthatnewdress,doesntshe?A.YessheisB.NosheisntC.YesshedoesD.No,shedidnt3.Joewillcometotheparty,wonthe?A.Oh,yes.IforgetB.Itsat8oclockC.Yes,hesbringinghiscousin,SandyD.Yes,itsaniceparty三三).).选择疑问句选择疑问句 选择疑问句是问话者提供两个或两个以上答案供对方择一回答的问句，答语应作出一个明确的选择1.Whatwouldyoulike,teaorcoffee?2._3.A.Yes,IwouldB.Cof
44、fee,please4.C.Yes,pleaseD.Itsverynice2.DidyoutraveltoXianbytrainorbyplane?3._4.A.Itispossibletravelbyplane5.B.Itraveleitherbytrainorbyplanes6.C.Yes,Itraveledbytrain7.D.Iflewthere四四).).省略倒装句省略倒装句 省略倒装句的对话首句是肯定句时,用So+助动词+主语构成；首句是否定句时用Neither+助动词+主语构成。1.IthinktheInternetisveryuseful.A.SodoIB.Thatsavery
45、goodideaC.NeitherdoID.Idorathergosurfingonit（06/5）2.IdontlikethesportsprogramsonSundays._A.SodoIB.NeitherdoIC.SoamID.NeitheramI3.IhavebeentotheGreatWall._A.NeitherhaveIB.SodoIC.NeitherdoID.SohaveI4.IhaventseenBellyfortenyears._A.EitherhaveIB.NeitherhaveIC.HaventID.SohaveI五五).).一般疑问句一般疑问句 一般疑问句通常用yes
46、和no来回答，时态人称要一致。1.HaveyoueverbeentoTokyo?_A.No,IdidntgotherelastyearB.No,butIhopetogotherenextyearC.TokyoisabusycityD.Yes,Iwilldoitnexttime2.Arethereanydrug-storesaroundhere?_A.Yes,thereisoneontheleftcornerB.Yes,itisC.No,itisntD.Oh,youmusthaveacold六）六）.情态动词情态动词 MUST MUST 情态动词must的否定回答，表示“不必”时用neednt1.Mustwehandinourhomeworknow?_A.Yes,youwillB.Yes,youmustntC.No,youneedntD.No,youmustnt2.MustIdothewashing-uptonight?_A.No,youmustntifyoudontwantB.LeaveitifyouareexhaustedC.Washing-upisreallyexhaustingD.Washing-upreallytakesuptime 复习用书：大学英语大学英语（B）网考直通车