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1、冠冠 词（词（C）冠词冠词不使用冠词不使用冠词定冠词定冠词不定冠词不定冠词aanthe零冠词零冠词冠词的分类冠词的分类冠词的分类冠词的分类冠词是一种虚词，修饰名词的。目标：理解冠词冠词是一种虚词，修饰名词的。目标：理解冠词a 、an、the和零冠词的基本用法。和零冠词的基本用法。特别提醒：特别提醒：不定冠词不定冠词不定冠词不定冠词a/ana/an的区别：的区别：的区别：的区别：a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前，an用在以元音音素开头的单词前，判断一个单词是元音开头还是辅音开头，要根据其读音，而不是根据首字母。如：an honest boy，a useful book There is an“f”i
2、n the word“five”.在“five”中有字母“f”。我们可以这样来记忆：不见元音不加an，不看字母看发音。(1)、在26个字母中，前面用an的字母有：a，e，f，h，i，l，m，n，o，r，s，x，其他用a。(2)、以u开头的单词，要注意区别。如：an umbrella，an unusual story，an unhappy boy，a university，a useful book 2.2.2.2.表示某人表示某人表示某人表示某人(事物事物事物事物)的某一种类的某一种类的某一种类的某一种类 My father is My father is a a driver.driver.
3、She is a girl.Do you like Do you like anan apple or apple or a a pear?pear?This is a desk.一一.不定冠词不定冠词(a,an)的用法的用法1.a用在以用在以辅音音素辅音音素开头的单词前开头的单词前 an用在以用在以元音元音音素音素开头的单词前开头的单词前e.g._book _ egg _ useful book _ underground roomaaanan3.3.表示某一事物中的任何一个（泛指）表示某一事物中的任何一个（泛指）表示某一事物中的任何一个（泛指）表示某一事物中的任何一个（泛指）An elep
4、hant is bigger than a horse.An elephant is bigger than a horse.A monkey can climb trees.A monkey can climb trees.4.4.表示数量，有表示数量，有表示数量，有表示数量，有“一一一一”的含义的含义的含义的含义,但数的概念没有但数的概念没有但数的概念没有但数的概念没有one one 强烈强烈强烈强烈.There is There is a a flower in the vase.flower in the vase.A panda has A panda has a a mouth,m
5、outh,a a nose,two eyes.nose,two eyes.We have six classes a day.5 5.有些不可数名词要表示有些不可数名词要表示有些不可数名词要表示有些不可数名词要表示“一种一种一种一种”、“一场一场一场一场”、“一堆一堆一堆一堆”时时时时,须加不定冠词须加不定冠词须加不定冠词须加不定冠词 a a heavy snow heavy snow a a strong wind strong wind make make a a fire (fire (生火生火生火生火)have)have a a good time good time 6.6.用于固定
6、词组用于固定词组用于固定词组用于固定词组 half an hour a moment ago a lot of half an hour a moment ago a lot of have a rest a little a few a pair of have a rest a little a few a pair of make a contribution to make a phone make a contribution to make a phone 7.用于用于what 引导的感叹句引导的感叹句,修饰可数名词的单数形式修饰可数名词的单数形式.What a nice girl
7、!What an interesting film it is!8、当名词前面有形容词和、当名词前面有形容词和quite，rather或或very时，不定冠词置于时，不定冠词置于quite或或rather之后，之后，very之之前。如：前。如：quite a good bookquite a good book，rather a useful rather a useful tooltool，a very interesting storya very interesting story.不定冠词的用法不定冠词的用法 歌曰：歌曰：不定冠词两变体，用不定冠词两变体，用a或或an都表都表“一一”；
8、可数名词首次提，何人何物不具体；可数名词首次提，何人何物不具体；某类人、物任一个，有时还要表某类人、物任一个，有时还要表“每一每一”。.a和和an的选用与巧记的选用与巧记歌曰：歌曰：冠词冠词 a，an两顶帽，单数名词常需要；两顶帽，单数名词常需要；单词开头发元音，单词开头发元音，an帽儿任你挑；帽儿任你挑；辅音起首戴辅音起首戴a帽，帽，记住规律莫乱套。记住规律莫乱套。注：注：a,an用在单数可数名词前。读音以用在单数可数名词前。读音以辅音音素开头的名词前用辅音音素开头的名词前用a；读音以元音；读音以元音音素开头的词前用音素开头的词前用an。定冠词定冠词(the)的用法的用法 基本用法：基本用法
9、：“特指特指”.特指某（些）人或者某（些）事特指某（些）人或者某（些）事物，以便与其他的人或物有所区别物，以便与其他的人或物有所区别1.2.3.4.e.g.The book on the desk is Jims.书桌上的那本书是吉姆的书桌上的那本书是吉姆的 The chairs are there.椅子在那里椅子在那里指谈话双方都知道的人或事物指谈话双方都知道的人或事物e.g.Where is the kite?风筝在哪儿风筝在哪儿？（双方都知道指的是哪只风筝）？（双方都知道指的是哪只风筝）Open the door,please.请把门打开请把门打开（双方都知道要打开哪扇门）（双方都知道要
10、打开哪扇门）在叙述中，上文（第二次）提到过的人或者事物在叙述中，上文（第二次）提到过的人或者事物e.g.：I can see a kite.我看见一只风筝我看见一只风筝 ：where is the kite?这个风筝在那里？这个风筝在那里？用在姓氏的复数名词前，表示用在姓氏的复数名词前，表示“一家人一家人或某某夫妇或某某夫妇”,常看成复常看成复常看成复常看成复数数数数e.g.The Blacks are watching TV at home now.TheThe Browns Browns have have gone to the Great Wallgone to the Great W
11、all.用在宇宙间独一无二的天体名词之前用在宇宙间独一无二的天体名词之前5.6.7.8.e.g.the sun the sky the moon the earth the world用在序数词和形容词最高级，及形容词用在序数词和形容词最高级，及形容词only,same，whole等前等前e.g.I live on the second floor.我住在二楼我住在二楼Skating is the best sport in winter.滑冰是冬天最好的运动滑冰是冬天最好的运动用于用于普通名词构成的专有名词）普通名词构成的专有名词）the Palace Museum the Summer P
12、alacethe Red Star Hotel thethe Great Wall the Childrens Palace Great Wall the Childrens Palace 用在表示乐器的名词之前用在表示乐器的名词之前e.g.the violin the piano the drum 9.9.用于表示方位的名词前用于表示方位的名词前用于表示方位的名词前用于表示方位的名词前 in the south(east west north-)10.用在山脉、江河、海洋、岛等名词前。用在山脉、江河、海洋、岛等名词前。如：如：the Yellow River,the West Lake,th
13、e Taiwan Island,etc.11.在一些形容词前，表示一类人在一些形容词前，表示一类人 the rich,the old ,the deaf,the young,the sick-12.用在用在(the+形容词比较级形容词比较级,the+形容词比较级形容词比较级)结构结构,表示表示”越越-越越-”.Eg.The more we learn,the better we will be.在一些习惯用语中常用定冠词在一些习惯用语中常用定冠词在一些习惯用语中常用定冠词在一些习惯用语中常用定冠词 13.e.g.in the day in the morning/afternoon/eveni
14、ng the day before yesterday the next morning/week/month/year in the sky/water/field/country in the dark in the rain in the middle(of)in the end on the right by the way go to the theatre(cinema)behind behind thethe chair all chair all thethe time time .定冠词的基本用法定冠词的基本用法 歌曰：歌曰：定冠词用法有规律，防止遗志很容易。定冠词用法有规律
15、，防止遗志很容易。特指双方都熟悉，上文已经被提及。特指双方都熟悉，上文已经被提及。世上无二仅独一，序数词和最高级。世上无二仅独一，序数词和最高级。山河海岛建筑物，姓氏复数奏乐器。山河海岛建筑物，姓氏复数奏乐器。少数形表人一类，方位名词须牢记。少数形表人一类，方位名词须牢记。普构专有惯用词，试用此诀有效率。普构专有惯用词，试用此诀有效率。零冠词的用法零冠词的用法(不用冠词）不用冠词）不用冠词）不用冠词）名词前已有名词前已有名词前已有名词前已有定语定语定语定语this,that,these,those my,your,some,any,eachthis,that,these,those my,yo
16、ur,some,any,each和和“”所有格时所有格时,不用不用不用不用冠词冠词冠词冠词。1.2.3.4.Eg.Theyre Our books .Jims pen is very expensive.复数复数名词在表示一类人或者事物时名词在表示一类人或者事物时不用冠词不用冠词不用冠词不用冠词。e.g.They are teachers.他们是老师。他们是老师。一些表示人名一些表示人名一些表示人名一些表示人名.地名等专有名词地名等专有名词地名等专有名词地名等专有名词.物质名词物质名词物质名词物质名词.称呼称呼称呼称呼.头衔前不用冠词头衔前不用冠词头衔前不用冠词头衔前不用冠词RuianRuia
17、n ,Grade ,Grade Two,Two,Mr.LiMr.Li ,Dr.LiuDr.Liu,David,meat ,milk-,David,meat ,milk-在节日在节日在节日在节日.星期星期星期星期.月份月份月份月份.季节季节季节季节.年年年年.学科等词前不用冠词学科等词前不用冠词学科等词前不用冠词学科等词前不用冠词 in in summersummer in in AugustAugust on Childrens Day on on SundaySunday study study physics physics in in 20082008 请区别：请区别：请区别：请区别：i
18、n the spring of 1945 (特指特指特指特指,加加加加thethe)在球类运动及棋类及三餐名词在球类运动及棋类及三餐名词前前不用冠词不用冠词不用冠词不用冠词。5.6.e.g.play football/basketball,have supper,have chess在街道、广场、公园、桥梁、学校、表示交通手段等前面及一在街道、广场、公园、桥梁、学校、表示交通手段等前面及一些固定搭配中些固定搭配中不用冠词不用冠词不用冠词不用冠词e.g.Wuma Street Zhongshan Park by bike at night go to school at table at wor
19、k go to bed at school at home watch TV etc.7.表示颜色、语种、国家前不用冠词表示颜色、语种、国家前不用冠词 in purple in red Japanese Britain注意注意注意注意:在有些词组中在有些词组中在有些词组中在有些词组中,有冠词和无冠词意思不同有冠词和无冠词意思不同有冠词和无冠词意思不同有冠词和无冠词意思不同EgEg:in front of in the front of :in front of in the front of There is a treeThere is a tree in front ofin front
20、of the house.the house.The teachers desk isThe teachers desk is in the front ofin the front of the classroomthe classroomHes illHes ill in hospitalin hospital.他生病他生病他生病他生病住院。住院。住院。住院。My parents workMy parents work in the hospital.in the hospital.我的父母在医院工作。我的父母在医院工作。我的父母在医院工作。我的父母在医院工作。1)at table在吃饭；
21、在吃饭；at the table在桌子旁在桌子旁2)in class在上课；在上课；in the class在班级中在班级中3)go to school去上学去上学;go to the school到那所学校去到那所学校去4)go to bed上床睡觉上床睡觉;go to the bed到床那边去到床那边去4.4.在有些词组中在有些词组中,有冠词和无冠词意思有冠词和无冠词意思不不同：同：in front of 在在前面前面 in the front of 在在范围内的前范围内的前部部There is a tree in front of the house.房房子前面有一子前面有一棵树棵树Th
22、e teachers desk is in the front of the classroom.讲台在教室的前部讲台在教室的前部 in hospital (生病生病)住院住院 in the hospital 在医院里在医院里Hes ill in hospital.他生病他生病住院。住院。My parents work in the hospital.我我的父母在医院工作。的父母在医院工作。at tableat table进餐、吃饭进餐、吃饭进餐、吃饭进餐、吃饭 at at thethe table table 在餐桌旁；在桌边在餐桌旁；在桌边在餐桌旁；在桌边在餐桌旁；在桌边at school
23、 at school 求学求学求学求学 at at thethe school school 在学校在学校在学校在学校in class in class 在上课；在课内在上课；在课内在上课；在课内在上课；在课内 in in thethe class class 在这个班在这个班在这个班在这个班go to schoolgo to school上学上学上学上学 go to go to thethe school(school(因事因事因事因事)去学校去学校去学校去学校take placetake place发生发生发生发生 take take thethe place of place of代替代
24、替代替代替in bedin bed（睡、病、躺）在床上（睡、病、躺）在床上（睡、病、躺）在床上（睡、病、躺）在床上 in in thethe bed bed（某物）在床上（某物）在床上（某物）在床上（某物）在床上on earth on earth 到底、究竟到底、究竟到底、究竟到底、究竟 on on thethe earth earth 在地球上在地球上在地球上在地球上three of us three of us 我们当中的三人我们当中的三人我们当中的三人我们当中的三人 thethe three of us three of us 我们三人（共三人）我们三人（共三人）我们三人（共三人）我们三
25、人（共三人）用定冠词与不定冠词的区别：用定冠词与不定冠词的区别：用定冠词与不定冠词的区别：用定冠词与不定冠词的区别：1.1.序数词前面用定冠词与不定冠词的区别：序数词前面用定冠词与不定冠词的区别：序数词前面用定冠词与不定冠词的区别：序数词前面用定冠词与不定冠词的区别：“the序数词”表示“第几”；“a序数词”表示“又一，再一”。如：The cake is delicious，and I would like a second one.蛋糕很好吃，我想再吃一块。2 2a number ofa number of与与与与the number ofthe number of的辨析：的辨析：的辨析：的
26、辨析：a number of 意思是“许多”，相当于a lot of；the number of意思是“的数目，的数量”，当它作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：A number of students like playing computer games.许多学生喜欢玩电脑游戏。The number of the students is about 1,500 in our school.我们学校学生的人数大约是1 500。3 3在句型在句型在句型在句型“动词人介词动词人介词动词人介词动词人介词thethe人体部位人体部位人体部位人体部位”中要用中要用中要用中要用thethe，而不用物主代词
27、。，而不用物主代词。，而不用物主代词。，而不用物主代词。如：take sb.by the hand 抓住某人的手hit sb.on the head打某人的头pat sb.on the shoulder拍某人的肩hit sb.in the face打某人的脸.零冠词的基本用法零冠词的基本用法 歌曰：下列情况不用冠，名词之前代词限；歌曰：下列情况不用冠，名词之前代词限；专有名词不可数，球类学科与三餐；专有名词不可数，球类学科与三餐；复数名词表泛指，节日月份星期前；复数名词表泛指，节日月份星期前；颜色语种和国名，称呼习语及头衔。颜色语种和国名，称呼习语及头衔。真题训练 1.Im reading _
28、 novel.It is _ interesting story.A.a;an B.a;a C.the;the D./;an 2.Did you enjoy your stay in Xian?Yes.I had _ wonderful time.A.a B.an C.the D./AA真题训练3.This morning I had _ egg and a bottle of milk for my breakfast.A.an B.a C.the D./4.There is _“h”in the word hour.A.a B.the C.an D./AC真题训练 5.-Have you
29、seen _ pen?I left it here this morning.-Is it _ black one?I think I saw it somewhere A.a;the B.the;the C.the;a D.a;a6.-Whats the matter with you?-I caught _ bad cold and had to stay at _home.A.a;/B.a;the C.a;a D.the;theAC重温语法聚焦中考重温语法聚焦中考 中考冠词考什么？中考冠词考什么？一、考查不定冠词一、考查不定冠词a 和和an 的区别的区别 -Is it _ English
30、 dictionary?-Yes,and it is _ useful one.A.a,a B.a,an C.an,a D.an,an二、考查不定冠词和定冠词的区别二、考查不定冠词和定冠词的区别 1.Theres _ dictionary on _ desk near the window.A.a,the B.a,a C.the,a D.the,the 2._ earth we live on is bigger than _ moon.A.The,a B.The,the C.An,a D.An,the CAB三、考查三、考查“零冠词零冠词”的用法的用法 1.It takes us nearl
31、y _ hour to go to Korla by _ air.A.an,a B.a,an C.an,/D.a,the 2.My uncle isnt _ old man,and he likes playing _ football.A.a,a B.an,an C.the,the D.an,/四、综合考查四、综合考查 _ car in front of our school gate is _.A.The,the Turners B.A,the Turners C./,the Turners D.The,the TurnersCDA 练习：根据需要，在空白处填写适当的冠词练习：根据需要，在
32、空白处填写适当的冠词（不用冠词的划（不用冠词的划/)1.I get up at six in _ morning.2.They will be there in half _ hour.3._ first class begins at eight.4.MR.Smith is from _ England.5.Can you see any planes in _ sky?6.You can find Miss Green in _ Room 208.7.What _ nice T-shirt it is!theanThe/the/a8.There is _“m”in _ word“mothe
33、r”.8.There is _“m”in _ word“mother”.9.Did you play _ basketball or play _ piano 9.Did you play _ basketball or play _ piano after _school?after _school?10.Turn right at _ third crossing on _ 10.Turn right at _ third crossing on _ left.left.11.They got to _ moon by _ spaceship.11.They got to _ moon b
34、y _ spaceship.12.She is _ university student,she likes 12.She is _ university student,she likes _ music of _ film._ music of _ film.ananthethe/thethe/thethethethethethe/a athethethethe8._ beef we had for dinner last night was excellent.The13.We didnt have _ history yesterday,we 13.We didnt have _ hi
35、story yesterday,we went to visit _ History Museum.went to visit _ History Museum.14._ Smiths went to _ capital of 14._ Smiths went to _ capital of _ China last year._ China last year.15.15._ beef is a kind of _ meat.16.His _ best friend flew to _ France_ last 16.His _ best friend flew to _ France_ last week.week.17._ Chinese doctor told him to take _ 17._ Chinese doctor told him to take _ three times _ day.three times _ day./thetheTheThethethe/A A/a a/