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1、InterlanguageContentsI.DefinitionII.Related ResearchIII.Characteristics of InterlanguageIV.Methods of studying Interlanguage V.ConclusionVI.ReferencesI.Definition Interlanguage refers to the separateness of a second language learner system,a system that has a structurally intermediate status between
2、 native and target language.(Selinker,1972)II.Related Research1.Foreign Research(1)In 1970sSelinker(1969):Language Transfer,interlanguage (1972):Interlanguage,fossilizationNemser(1971):approximative system（接近系统）Corder (1971):idiosyncratic dialect（特异方言）language learner language(语言学习者的语言)Adjemian(1976
3、):characteristics of interlanguage(2)In 1980sCorder(1981):Error Analysis and InterlanguageIoup and Weinberge(1987):Interlanguage PhonologyTarone(1988):Variation in Interlanguage(3)In 1990sSelinker(1992):Rediscovering InterlanguageGabriel Kasper(1993):Interlanguage PragmaticsYip(1995):Interlanguage a
4、nd Learnability,Chinese-English Interlanguage(4)In recent yearsGrady(2003):general nativism（先天论）Pienemann(2003):the multidimensional model （多元发展模式）,processibility theory（可加工行理论）2.Research in China(1)Scholars who conduct research on Chinese as a foreign language Lu jijian(1984):The Interlanguage Theo
5、ry and Chinese Pronunciation Error Analysis of Foreign LearnersLv bisong(1993):meaning and strategies Wang jianqin(1994):foreign research on interlanguage(2)Scholars who conduct research on English as a foreign language in ChinaIn1980s:introduction and evaluation,Hu zhuanglin(1984),Gui shichun(1985)
6、In1990s:overall introduction and study based on the current teaching situation in China,Yan lianrui(1996),Dai manchun (1998)III.Characteristics of interlanguage(1)Permeable(2)Systematic(3)Dynamic(4)Independent(5)Variable(6)Fossilized (1)Permeable:any rule in interlanguage system changes as the learn
7、ing process progresses.(2)Systematic:interlanguage is governed by rules which constitute the learners internal grammar systematically.(3)DynamicMother tongueABTarget languageinterlanguageStage 0Stage 1Stage 2Stage 3(4)IndependentNativelanguageTargetlanguageinterlanguage(Hammerly,1975)(5)Variable:dif
8、ferences in context(linguistic context,psychological context and microsocial context)result in different patterns of language.Interlanguage VariabilityVariability in interlanguageNon-systematic variabilitySystematic variabilityPerfornmance variabilityFree variabilityIndividual variabilityContextual
9、variabilitySituational contextLinguistic context(Based on Ellis,1985)(6)FossilizedfossilizationFossilization is a term researchers in SLA use to refer to a stage of second language development when it stops.typesIndividual fossilization and group fossilizationPermanent fossilization and temporary fo
10、ssilizationFive Processes leading to fossilization(1)Language transfer(2)Transfer of training(3)Strategies of second language learning(4)Strategies of second language communication(5)Overgeneralization (Selinker,1972)IV.Methods for studying interlanguage(1)Observation(2)Experiment(3)Comparison(4)Ana
11、lysisProblems Existing in Research MethodLightbown(1984):(1)Less related materials(2)Single situation,single method(3)Improper way of collecting dataWan jianqin(2000):(4)Less quantitative study(5)Lack of clear theoretical frameworkV.Conclusion Interlanguage theory has been raised for over twenty yea
12、rs,but its domestic research is still in low progress and there is no systematic research results.Compared with the abroad,domestic research field is quite narrow.Therefore,interlanguage research should be strengthened to guide our foreign language teaching.References1 Ellis,R.1997.Second Language A
13、cquisition.Oxford:Oxford University Press.2 Gass,S.and Selinker,L.2008.Second Language Acquisition.New York:Routledge.3 Larsen-Freeman,D.and Long.H.M.1991.An Introduction to Second Language Acquisition Research.London:Longman Group Limited.4 Saville-Troike,M.2005.Introducing Second Language Acquisition.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.5 Selinker,L.1972.Interlanguage.International Review of Applied Linguistics,10,209-231.6 林立.2007.第二语言习得：理论与实践 M.北京：高等教育出版社.7 刘颂浩.2007.第二语言习得导论-对外汉 语教学视角M.北京：世界图书出版公司.8 杨连瑞等著.2007.二语习得与中国外语教学 M.上海：上海外语教育出版社.9 杨连瑞.2010.二语习得多学科研究M.青岛：中国海洋大学出版社.