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1、Text 1Some pessimistic experts feel that the automobile is bound to fall into disuse.They see a dayin the not-too-distant future when all autos will be abandoned.Other authorities,however,think the auto is here to stay.They hold that the car will remain a leading means of urbantravel in the foreseea
2、ble future.The motorcar will undoubtedly change significantly over the next 30 years.It should becomesmaller,safer,and more economical,and should not be powered by the gasoline engine.Thecar of the future should be far more pollution-free than present types.Regardless of its power source,the auto in
3、 the future will still be the main problem in urbantraffic congestion（拥挤）.One proposed solution to this problem is the automated highwaysystem.When the auto enters the highway system,retractable（可伸缩的）arm will drop from the autoand make contact with a rail,which is similar to those powering subway tr
4、ains electrically.Once attached to the rail,the car will become electrically powered from the system,andcontrol of the vehicle will pass to a central computer.The computer will then monitor all of thecars movements.The driver will use a telephone to dial instructions about his destination into the s
5、ystem.Thecomputer will calculate the best route,and reserve space for the car all the way to the correctexit from the highway.The driver will then be free to relax and wait for the buzzer（蜂鸣器）that will warn him of his coming exit.It is estimated that an automated highway will be ableto handle 10,000
6、 vehicles per hour,compared with the 1,500 to 2,000 vehicles that can becarried by a present-day highway.(285 words)21.One significant improvement in the future car will probably be _.A)its power source B)its driving systemC)its monitoring system D)its seating capacity22.What is the authors main con
7、cern?A)How to render automobiles pollution-free.B)How to make smaller and safer automobiles.C)How to solve the problem of traffic jams.D)How to develop an automated subway system.23.What provides autos with electric power in an automated highway system?A)A rail.B)An engine.C)A retractable arm.D)A co
8、mputer controller.24.In an automated highway system,all the driver needs to do is _.A)keep in the right laneB)wait to arrive at his destinationC)keep in constant touch with the computer centerD)inform the system of his destination by phone25.What is the authors attitude toward the future of autos?A)
9、Enthusiastic.B)Pessimistic.C)Optimistic.D)Cautious.Text 2What should you think about in trying to find your career?You are probably better at someschool subjects than others.These may show strengths that you can use in your work.A boywho is good at mathematics can use that in an engineering career.S
10、o it is important to knowthe subjects you do well in at school.On the other hand,you may not have any speciallystrong or weak subjects but your records show a general satisfactory standard.Although notall subjects can be used directly in a job,they may have indirect value.A knowledge of historyis no
11、t required for most jobs but if history is one of your good subjects you will have learnedto remember facts and details.This is an ability that can be useful in many jobs.If you have had a part-time job on Saturdays or in the summer,think what you gained fromit.If nothing else,you may have learned h
12、ow to get to work on time,to follow instructionsand to get on with older workers.You may have learned to give correct change in a shop,forexample.Just as important,you may become interested in a particular industry or career yousee from the inside in a part-time job.Facing your weak points is also p
13、art of knowing yourself.You may be all thumbs when youhandle tools;perhaps you are a poor speller or cannot add up a column of figures.It is bitterto face any weaknesses than to pretend they do not exist.Your school record,for instance,may not be too good,yet it is an important part of your backgrou
14、nd.You should not beapologetic about it but instead recognize that you will have a chance of a fresh start at work.(303 words)26.Which of the following best sums up the first paragraph?A)The importance of doing well at school.B)Using school performance to help to choose a career.C)The importance of
15、being good at all subjects.D)The indirect value of schoolwork.27.The writer thinks that for a student to have a part-time job is probably _.A)a waste of time that could have been spent on studyB)useful for his future workC)a good way to earn extra moneyD)a good way to find out his weak points28.Acco
16、rding to the passage,if a students school record is not good,he _.A)will be a complete failure in his future workB)will not be able to find a suitable jobC)will regret not having worked harder at schoolD)may do well in his future work29.Which subject is supposed to have no direct value for jot hunti
17、ng?A)Mathematics.B)English.C)Technical Drawing.D)History.30.The whole passage centers on _.A)choosing a career according to what one is skilled inB)acquiring knowledge by working hard at schoolC)finding ones strong and weak pointsD)developing ones abilities useful in school workText 3As a Canadian b
18、ilingual(双语的)teacher,I agree that the Canadian bilingual schools havebeen successful in producing functionally bilingual students.However,Mr.Whelptonssuggested condition that teachers in these schools must be fully bilingual may beunnecessary.For example,primary teachers can and do function with a s
19、maller vocabularythan secondary teachers.Secondly,it is doubtful that students will use English because they understand and acceptthe objective of making English the language of the classroom which is a rather sterilemotive.One reason that Canadian bilingual programs work is because of the commitmen
20、t toWhole Language Learning,that is,children learn a language,(first or second),by using it totransmit(播送)or receive meaningful messages that are interesting,real and important.Theywant to make their needs and desires known and to understand the world around them.Bilingual programs integrate languag
21、e and content in an activity-based,child-centredmanner so that the child is motivated to use the second language as a tool to transmit andreceive messages related to social and academic interests.Mr.Whelptons third argument that all the students in one class need to be at approximatelythe same level
22、 of English proficiency(熟练)when they switch to English is unrealistic andunprofitable.How does a teacher group children who have a huge vocabulary but poorgrammar skills and others who have correct grammar but a poor vocabulary?Also,supposethe students have similar language abilities but different l
23、earning styles!Hence the conceptof co-operative learning:students with a mixture of personalities,talents and weaknesses(amore realistic reflection of life)learn better as they co-operate(合作),instead of compete,and depend on each other for support and information.(280 words)31.How would you describe
24、 the writers style?A)The passage is written in an academic style.B)The passage is written in a journalistic style.C)The passage is written in a personal style.D)The passage is written on the basis of widespread research in the areA)32.How would you describe the writers attitude towards the Canadian
25、bilingual programmes?A)Balanced.B)Unenthusiastic.C)Supportive.D)Critical.33.In paragraph 1 the writer _.A)agrees completely with Mr.Whelptons argumentB)agrees partially with Mr.Whelptons argumentC)disagrees completely with Mr.Whelptons argumentD)is overwhelmingly critical of Mr.Whelptons argument34.
26、In paragraph 2 sterile is closest in meaning to_.A)uninformative B)unusual C)stereotypical D)uninspiring35.According to the writer the Canadian bilingual programs have been a success _.A)because students accept the objective of making English the language of the classroomB)because students study in
27、classrooms where everybody is at about the same levelC)because the students can use their first language freelyD)because they work towards real life goalsText 4If sustainable competitive advantage depends onworkforce skills,American firms have a problem.Human-resourcemanagementisnottraditionallyseen
28、 as central to the competitive survival of the firmin the United States.Skill acquisition is considered anindividual responsibility.Labor is simply another factorof production to be hired rented at the lowest possiblecost much as one buys raw materials or equipment.The lack of importance attached to
29、 human-resourcemanagement can be seen in the corporate hierarchy.In an American firm the chief financial officer is almostalways second in command.The post of head ofhuman-resource management is usually a specializedjob,off at the edge of the corporate hierarchy.Theexecutive who holds it is never co
30、nsulted on majorstrategic decisions and has no chance to move up toChief Executive Officer(CEO).By way of contrast,inJapan the head of human resource management iscentral usually the second most important,after theCEO,in the firms hierarchy.While American firms often have the vast amountsspent on tr
31、aining their work forces,in fact,they investless in the skills of their employees than do eitherJapanese or German firms.The money they do investis also more highly concentrated on professional andmanagerial employees.And the limited investmentsthat are made in training workers are also much morenar
32、rowly focused on the specific skills necessary to dothe next job rather than on the basic background skillsthat make it possible to absorb new technologies.As a result,problems emerge when new breakthroughtechnologies arrive.If American workers,for example,take much longer to learn how to operate ne
33、w flexiblemanufacturing stations than workers in Germany(asthey do).the effective cost of those stations is lower inGermany than it is in the United States.More time isrequired before equipment is up and running atcapacity,andtheneedforextensiveretraininggenerates costs and creates bottlenecks that
34、limit thespeed with which new equipment can be employed.The result is a slower pace of technological change.And in the end the skills of the bottom half of thepopulation affect the wages of the top half.If thebottom half cant effectively staff the processes thathavetobeoperated,themanagementandprofe
35、ssional jobs that go with these processes willdisappear.36.Which of the following applies to the managementof human resources in American companies?A)They hire people at the lowest cost regardless oftheir skills.B)They see the gaining of skills as their employeesown business.C)They attach more impor
36、tance to workers than toequipment.D)They only hired skilled workers because of keencompetition.37.What is the position of the head of human resourcemanagement?A)He is one of the most important executives in thefirm.B)Hispostislikelytodisappearwhennewtechnologies are introduced.C)He is directly under
37、 the chief financial executive.D)He has no say in making important decisions in thefirm.38.The money most American firms put in trainingmainly goes to_.A)workers who can operate new equipmentB)technological and managerial staffC)workers who lack basic ground skillsD)top executives39.Whats the main i
38、dea of the passage?A)American firms are different from Japanese andGerman firms in human-resource management.B)Extensive retraining is indispensable to effectivehuman resource management.C)The head of human resource management must bein the central position in a firms hierarchy.D)The human resource
39、management strategies ofAmerican firms will affect their competitive capacity.40.According to the passage,the decisive factor inmaintainingafirmscompetitiveadvantageis_.A)the introduction of new technologiesB)the improvement of workers skillsC)therationalcompositionofprofessionalandmanagerial employ
40、eesD)the attachment of importance to the bottom half ofthe employeesIII.Vocabulary and Structure(15 points)Directions:Choose the best one to complete eachsentence.41.I much prefer factual books such as biographies to_ of any kind.A)imagination B)narration C)fiction D)romantics42.The storm delayed us
41、._ the storm wewould have been in time.A)But for B)If it were not C)With D)Unless43.Shaking hands is a _ way of greeting.A)conventionalB)conditionalC)originalD)conversational44.The test results are not very _.He doeswell one week and badly the next.A)consequentB)consistentC)continuousD)convince45.We
42、 believe that these illustrations will _ somelight on the point being discussed.A)show B)shine C)shed D)thrive46.There was a _ growth of the lightindustries during the last twenties years.A)considerate B)considering C)considerable D)considered47.We must revise our plan _ the light of thesechanges.A)
43、for B)in C)on D)with48.The next big _ confronting the workers isthe questions of wages.A)issue B)stuff C)question D)matter49.I know nothing about the accident _ ithappened somewhere near the highway.A)apart from B)except for C)besides D)except that50.The Americans still have several military _on the
44、 island.A)installmentsB)installC)installationsiteD)installations51.Many disagreements have _ when it cameto the sharing of their fathers estates.A)risen B)arisen C)raised D)arrived52.When they got ready,the enemy plane flew out ofthe _ of their guns.A)field B)limit C)extent D)range53.The United King
45、dom _ England,Wales,Scotland and Northern Ireland.A)constitutes B)comprises C)composes D)consists54.All the key words in the article are printed in_ type so as to attract readers attention.A)dark B)dense C)black D)bold55.Once you have made your booking and paid a_,then the cost of your holiday canno
46、t bechanged.A)deposit B)saving C)fund D)loan56.I dont like the noise of this air conditioner,but Ivelearned to _ it.A)stay with B)stand with C)go with D)live with57.We trust that you will give special care to thepacking of the goods _ they should be damagedin transit(运输).A)so that B)lest C)if D)unle
47、ss58.Inpreparingscientificreportsoflaboratoryexperiments,a student should _ his findings inlogic order and clear language.A)furnish B)propose C)raise D)present59.My father always warns me not to interfere_ matters that dont concern me.A)with B)in C)on D)about60.Extensive reporting on television has
48、helped to_ interest in a wide variety of sports andactivities.A)gather B)generate C)assemble D)yield61.The children are doing all kinds of things to win the_of their parents.A.effect B)affection C)affect D)affectation62.We spent all day trying to _ our newbookshelves with a screwdriver.A.resemble B)
49、decorate C)assemble D)transfer63.He might arrive on time,but _ are he will belate again.A)possibilitiesB)prospectsC)probabilitiesD)chances64.He _ from newspaper work to devote his fulltime to writing.A)abandoned B)quit C)withdrew D)reversed65.The work is not very profitable _ money,butI am getting v
50、aluable experience from it.A)in line with B)in regard withC)by means of D)in terms of66.To impress a future employer,one should dressneatly,be _,and display interest in the job.A)timely B)swift C)instant D)punctual67.Many novels that attempt to mirror the world arereally _ of the reality that they r