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1、2021 届云南临沧区一中高三英语上学期期末考试试题及答案解析 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A The question of whether our government should promote science and technology or the liberal arts in higher education isnt an either/or one,although the current emphasis on preparing yo
2、ung Americans for STEM(science,technology,engineering,maths)-related fields can make it seem that way.The latest congressional report acknowledges the critical importance of technical training,but also insists that the study of the humanities and social sciences must remain central elements of Ameri
3、cas educational system at all levels.Both areas are the key to producing citizens who can participate effectively in our democratic society,become innovative leaders,and benefit from the spiritual enrichment that the reflection on the great ideas of mankind over time provides.Parents and students wh
4、o have invested heavily in higher education worry about graduates job prospects as technological advances and changes in domestic and global markets transform professions in ways that reduce wages and cut jobs.Under these circumstances,its natural to look for what may appear to be the most“practical
5、”way out of the problem;“major in a subject designed to get you a job”seems the obvious answer to some,though this ignores the fact that many disciplines in the humanities characterized as“soft”often,in fact,lead to employment and success in the long run.Indeed,according to surveys,employers have ex
6、pressed a preference for students who have received a broadly-based education that has taught them to write well,think critically,research creatively,and communicate easily.Moreover,students should be prepared not just for their first job,but for their 4th and 5th jobs,as theres little reason to dou
7、bt that people entering the workforce today will be called upon to play many different roles over the course of their careers.The ones who will do the best in this new environment will be those whose educations have prepared them to be flexible.The ability to take advantage of every available tool a
8、nd insightpicked up from science,arts,and technologyto solve the problems of the future,and seize the opportunities,will be helpful to them and the nation.1.What does the latest congressional report suggest?A.STEM-related subjects help students find jobs in the information society.B.The humanities a
9、nd STEM subjects should be given equal importance.C.The liberal arts in higher education help enrich students spiritual life.D.Higher education should be adjusted to the practical needs of society.2.What is the main concern of students when they choose a major?A.Their interest in relevant subjects.B
10、.The academic value of the courses.C.The quality of education to receive.D.Their chances of getting a good job.3.What does the author say about the so called“soft”subjects?A.They benefit students in their future life.B.They broaden students range of interests.C.They just improve students communicati
11、on skills.D.They are essential to students healthy growth.B When Jennifer Doudna was in sixth grade,she came home one day to find that her dad had lefta book titled The Double Helix on her bed.She put it aside,thinking it was one of those detective tales she loved.On a rainy Saturday,she picked up t
12、he book.As she sped through the pages,she became fascinated by the drama,which encouraged her to explore natures wonders.Even though her high school teacher told her that girls didnt become scientists,she decided she would.She worked with a biologist,Charpentier,to turn a curiosity of nature into an
13、 inventionan easy-to-use tool that can edit DNA.Known as Crispr,the tool will transform the human race.James Watson,the author of The Double Helix,later told her it was the most important biological advance:since he and Francis Crick discovered the structure of DNA.For this achievement,Doudna and Ch
14、arpentier were awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2020.Until now,only five women,beginning with Marie Curie in 1911,had won or shared the Nobel for Chemistry out of 184 award winners.When this years prize was announced,Dr.Charpentier said it would provide a message specifically to young girls w
15、ho would like to follow the path of science and to show them that women can also be awarded prizes.A few decades from now,if it becomes possible and sate to edit DNA,should we allow parents to improve the IQ and physical strength of their kids?Should we let them decide eye color1?Skin color1?Height?
16、After helping to discover Crispr,Dr.Doudna has become a leader in considering these moral issues.Thats the main message we should take from this Nobel:New technologies can be a huge benefit to the human race,but in order to make sure they are used wisely,its important for people to understand them.4
17、.Jennifer Doudna decided to become a scientist because,_ A.her father pushed her B.a book inspired her C.her teacher encouraged her D.James Watson motivated her 5.Dr.Doudna was awarded the Nobel Prize because,_.A.she wrote the book“The Double Helix B.she discovered the structure of DNA C.she is a ha
18、rdworking woman scientist D.she helped invent a tool for editing DNA 6.According to passage,which of the following is NOT true?A.The two womens success will inspire more girls to be devoted to science.B.Since 1911,there have been 184 people who won the Nobel for chemistry.C.If girls follow the path
19、of science,they will surely achieve their goals.D.Crispr will make a big difference to the human race.7.Which words can best describe Jennifer Doudna?A.Determined and responsible.B.Ambitious and humorous.C.Cruel and indifferent.D.Fearless and stubborn.C Improvements to energy efficiency,such as LED
20、lights,are seen by many authorities as a top priority for cutting carbon emissions.Yet a growing body of research suggests that arebound effect could wipe out more than half of the savings from energy efficiency improvements,making the goals of the Paris Agreement on climate change even harder to hi
21、t.A team led by Paul Brockway at the University of Leeds,UK,looked at the existing 33 studies on the impact of the rebound effect.First comes the direct rebound:for instance,when someone buys a more efficient car,they may take advantage of that by driving it further.Then comes the indirect rebound:f
22、uel savings leave the owner with more money to spend elsewhere in the economy,consuming energy.Although the 33 studies used different methods to model the rebound effect,they produced very consistent estimates of its impact,leading the team to conclude that the effect wipes out,on average,63 percent
23、 of the anticipated energy savings.“Were not saying energy efficiency doesnt work.What were saying is rebound needs to be taken more seriously,”says Brockway.The idea that increased efficiency may not deliver the hopedfor savingsdates back to the Jevons paradox(悖论),named after the economist William
24、Stanley Jevons,who,in 1865,observed that more efficient coal use led to more demand for coal.If the rebound effect does prove to be as big as suggested,it means future global energy demand will be higher than expected and the world will need far more wind and solar power and carboncapture technology
25、 than is currently being planned for.But that doesnt mean nothing can be done to limit the rebound effect.One answer is to double down on energy efficiency and do twice as much to achieve the same effect.8.Which of the following is a rebound effect?A.A man uses LED lights to cut carbon emissions.B.A
26、 company uses coal more efficiently to reduce waste.C.A family saves money by using energysaving devices.D.A lady spends savings from her fuel efficient car on more clothes.9.How did Paul Brockways team carry out their research?A.By interviewing economists.B.By analyzing former studies.C.By modeling
27、 the rebound effect.D.By debating about the Jevons paradox.10.What would Paul Brockway probably agree with?A.Authorities should dismiss energy efficiency.B.Worldwide efforts to preserve energy are in vain.C.The rebound effect helps protect the environment.D.More attention should be paid to the rebou
28、nd effect.11.Whats the authors attitude towards limiting the rebound effect?A.Positive.B.Pessimistic.C.Doubtful.D.Disapproving.D Whether for a special holiday,as a way of showing gratitude or just a way of letting someone know you care,gift giving is a universal custom Though the purpose may be simi
29、lar from place to place,traditions vary widely from one country to the next.A behavior that shows respect in one place might be consideredoffensivesomewhere else.Take a look at unique gifting traditions from around the world.Here in theUS,a set of kitchen knives seems like the perfect gift idea for
30、a wedding.However,in certain European countries likeGermany,people believe that a knife presented as a gift will cut off your friendship.There is a way to break it:Tie a coin to the knife or gift box.The receiver then returns the coin to you as a“payment”to remove the bad luck.Theres a well-known It
31、alian wedding tradition where the grooms(新郎)tie is cut into a number of tiny pieces.Wedding guests can then buy”these tie pieces in exchange for cash.Its a fun way to give money to the new couple thatleaves guests with a wedding souvenir.As left hands are considered unclean in Indian culture,behavio
32、rs such as touching,passing money,or giving gifts are to be done with the right hand.Different from some other cultures,an odd number(奇数)of thingsor currency represents good luck.For example,11 should be given rather than 10.InZimbabwe,it is common to directly ask for a gift.When you receive a gift
33、without asking for it,even if the givers family is poor,its the worst way to reject the offering.Also,expressing thanks with actions is better than giving thanks orally(口头地).These may include jumping up and down,dancing,or whistling.12.What does the underlined word“offensive“in paragraph 1 refer to?
34、A.Rude.B.Creative.C.Suitable.D.Caring.13.How do people prevent friendship breaking down when giving gifts like knives?A.The guests cut the grooms tie into pieces.B.The receiver returns the coin to the giver.C.The giver gives gifts with the right hand.D.The receiver expresses thanks by dancing.14.Wha
35、t can we learn about the gift giving inZimbabwe?A.It is not proper to ask for a gift directly.B.Its better to reject a gift from a poor family.C.One can express thanks by writing letters.D.Showing gratitude with actions is better than words.15.Which can be a suitable title for the text?A.The Wayof S
36、howing Gratitude B.A Fun Behavior to Respect People C.Various Gift Giving Traditions D.A Special Custom of Gift Giving 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 How to keep yourselfsafe from new virus?After a new-type coronavirus was found in viral pneumonia（肺炎）cases,more
37、cases have been reported in recent days._16_:Wear masks outdoors Wearing a mask is one of the most effective ways to protect you from getting infected.Make sure to wear it properly by tightening up the nose clip and pulling the bottom of it over your chin(下巴)._17_,a mask is also needed to prevent yo
38、u from spreading germs to others.Cover your coughs and sneeze with tissue(纸巾)Cover your mouthand nose with a tissue when you cough or sneeze,or you can cough or sneeze into your sleeve,but avoid covering with your hands directly._18_ Wash your hands with soap and running water thoroughly for at leas
39、t 15 seconds.Before eating and afterusing the toilet After returning home After touching trash or garbage After contacting with animals or handling animal wastes Strengthen your immune system and exercise regularly Exercise regularly is one of the most important ways to help you stayaway from catchi
40、ng any infections.Make sure that shared spaces have good air flow and avoid going to crowded places such as hospitals,railway stations and airports._19_.Seek medical attention immediately if you have symptoms(症状)of fever andrespiratory(呼吸的)infection.Avoid close contact with people who have flu or co
41、ld-like symptoms._20_.Avoid contact with wild animals or farmed livestock(牲畜)without any protection.A.If your hands are not visibly dirty B.Eat thoroughly cookedmeat and eggs C.Wash your hands frequently and properly D.If you are not feeling well or having a fever E.Wear a mask if transport or movem
42、ent is necessary F.Visit your friends and s often as usual.G.To prevent catching the infection,heres what you can do 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 Loida Guillen Strong couldnt be prouder of her mom Mercedes，who has always put her family
43、 first.Growing up in the Dominican Republic,Mercedes wanted to become a_21_.But when her father died,she must make a_22_choice:stay in school or take care of her brother and sister.She_23_the latter.As an adult,Mercedes_24_her dream once again to raise Loida and her brother.Their family eventually m
44、oved to America,where Mercedes wasted no opportunity to_25_the importance of a good education.She may have_26_to leave school,but she wanted more for her kids.Thanks to her moms_27_，Loida grew up to become a doctor,which was her moms childhood dream.After_28_for 10 years and saving some money，she th
45、ought it was her_29_to make her mom proud!_30_,she began to study for a doctors degree.But Loida_31_to keep it asecret from her mom-for nearly three years!_32_,on August l,2020,the time came to_33_her mom.Loida called her mother,_34_that she was ill in the University of Central Floridas College of N
46、ursing.When Mercedes rushed inside_35_and saw Loida standing in a cap and gown(长袍).After learning the_36_,the excited mom fell to her knees.That was a_37_for Loida and herself!Loida told her,It is you that_38_me complete my dream.I want you to know that your_39_sacrifice is not in vain.Lets send Loi
47、da and Mercedes our_40_!Theyve both worked so hard to make this dream come true!21.A.doctor B.teacher C.merchant D.politician 22.A.wrong B.possible C.quick D.difficult 23.A.created B.chose C.learnt D.lost 24.A.searched for B.gave away C.put aside D.picked out 25.A.ignore B.remember C.stress D.evalua
48、te 26.A.had B.expected C.happened D.agreed 27.A.influence B.success C.background D.challenge 28.A.waiting B.studying C.working D.resting 29.A.chance B.turn C.curiosity D.interest 30.A.Still B.Even C.Again D.Then 31.A.hesitated B.decided C.failed D.promised 32.A.Quickly B.Naturally C.Finally D.Tempor
49、arily 33.A.meet B.surprise C.support D.attract 34.A.lying B.responding C.repeating D.Predicting 35.A.by mistake B.by chance C.in the end D.in a hurry 36.A.truth B.growth C.faith D.strength 37.A.memory B.habit C.dream D.fact 38.A.arranged B.meant C.proved D.helped 39.A.familiar B.unselfish C.unknown
50、D.similar 40.A.explanations B.messages C.gifts D.congratulations 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Diego Maradona,the Argentine soccer great who scored the“Hand of God”goal in 1986 and_41._(lead)his country to that years World Cup title,has died.He was 60.Maradonas spok