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1、2021 届临川一中高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及参考答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A In September,something terrible happened on the west coast ofTasmania,Australia.As many as 380 pilot whales became stranded(搁浅)in shallow water there and later died.This might have beenAu
2、stralias largest stranding event on record,the BBC reported.But this large amount of whale stranding is not uncommon.For centuries,it has happened all over the world and has puzzled scientists.Scientists say the cause is often unknown.But they have offered many different explanations.Some say the wh
3、ales chase small fish for food and end up in shallow water because they are not paying attention to where they are going.Others think the stranding has something to do with Earths geomagnetic field(地磁场).They say that a geomagnetic compass in whales brains controls their position.Unusual changes in E
4、arths magnetic field can affect the whales compasses and send them in the wrong direction.Another explanation suggests that stranding is caused by the close relationships that whales have.Pilot whales travel in large groups.One lead whale might mistakenly lead the whole group to shallow water.“And i
5、f one gets into trouble,the others will not leave,”said Sheryl Gibney,a leading biologist fromNew Zealand.“Some will come in and try to help,they get trapped on the beach,then more will come.”The whales are trapped by mistake or out of sympathy(同情).Once they get stranded,they will likely die.Accordi
6、ng to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of theUS,less than 10 percent of all stranded whales survive.1.What do we know about the stranding inAustralia?A.It happened on theeast coast ofAustralia.B.It caused the death of over 300 pilot whales.C.It is commonly seen in September each y
7、ear.D.It was the largest stranding event in the world.2.According to Gibney,the pilot whales are the animals that_.A.are kind to each other B.are easy to lose direction C.are too huge to float in the sea D.are silly to follow the leading whale 3.What is the story mainly about?A.How human activity ha
8、s affected whales.B.What might cause whale strandings.C.How whales find their direction while traveling.D.What scientists are doing to save stranded whales.B By mid-century there will likely be 9 billion people on the planet,using ever more resources and leading ever more technologically complex liv
9、es.What will our cities be like?How much will artificialintelligence(AI)advance?Will global warming cause disastrous changes,or will we be able to engineer our way out of the climate change issues?Recently,the magazineBig Thinkasked top minds from a variety of fields to weigh in on what the future h
10、olds 40 years from now.The result is as follows.Its likely that by 2050 the majority of the people in the world will live in urban areas and will have a much higher average age than people today.Cities theorist Richard thinks urbanization will transform the education system of,making our economy les
11、s houses driven and removing the divisions between home and work.And rapidly advancing technology will continue ever more rapidly.Cities of the future wont look like“some sort of science-fiction fantasy”,but its likely that technological advances and information overlays(VR and AR)will greatly chang
12、e how we live.Self-driving cars will make the roads safer and provide faster transports.A larger version of driverless cars-driverless trucks may make long-distance drivers out of date.Some long view predictions are completelydire.Environmentalist Bill says that if we dont make great progress in fig
13、hting global warming,its likely we could see out-of-control rises in sea levels,huge crop shortfalls and wars over limited freshwater resources.In terms of how we will eat,green markets founder and“real food supporter Nina believes that there will be more small milk processing plants and more region
14、al food operations and well be healthier as a result.New York Timeswriter Mark thinks that people will eat fewer processed foods and eat foods grown closer to where they live.And more people will be aware of the ethical responsibility to grow foods.4.What may happen by 2050 based on the magazineBig
15、Think?A.Education will be driven by economy.B.The majority of people will be taller.C.AI will cause disastrous changes.D.Most people will live in big cities.5.What do we know about technology in the future according to Paragraph 3?A.It will make people live in science-fiction fantasy.B.It will ensur
16、e safer transports due to faster cars.C.It will greatly change the way in which people live.D.It will increase the number of long-distance drivers.6.What does the underlined word dire in Paragraph 4 mean?A.Magical.B.Terrible.C.Ridiculous.D.Meaningful.7.What does Nina think of foods in the future?A.P
17、eople will eat healthier and fresher foods.B.Land-raised farm systems will be improved.C.There will be smaller regional food operations,D.Food supplies will become much more limited.C Last year,138,000San Franciscoresidents used Airbnb,a popular app designed to connect home renters and travelers.Its
18、 a striking number for a city with a population of about 850,000,and it was enough for Airbnb to win a major victory in local elections,asSan Franciscovoters struck down a debatable rule that would have placed time restrictions and other regulations on short-term rental services.The company fiercely
19、 opposed the measure,Proposition F,with a nearly$10 million advertising campaign.It also contacted its San Franciscan users with messages urging them to vote against Proposition F.Most people think of Airbnb as a kind of couch-surfing app.The service works for one-night stays on road trips and longe
20、r stays in cities,and it often has more competitive pricing than hotels.Its a textbook example of the“sharing economy”,but not everyone is a fan.The app has had unintended consequences inSan Francisco.As the San Francisco Chronicle reported last year,a significant amount of renting on Airbnb is not
21、in line with the companys image:middle-class families putting up a spare room to help make ends meet.Some users have taken advantage of the service,using it to turn their multiple properties into vacation rentals or even full-time rentals.Backers of Proposition F argued that this trend takes spaces
22、off the conventional,better-regulated housing market and contributes to rising costs.“The fact is,widespread abuse of short-term rentals is taking much needed housing off the market and harming our neighborhoods,”said ShareBetter SF,a group that supported Proposition F.Hotel unions have protested th
23、e companys practices inSan Franciscoand other cities,saying that it creates an illegal hotel system.San Franciscois in the middle of a long-term,deeply rooted housing crisis that has seen the cost of living explode.Actually,explode is a generous term.The average monthly rent for an apartment is arou
24、nd$4,000.Located on a narrow outcropping of land overlooking the bay,San Franciscosimply doesnt have enough space to accommodate the massive inflow of young,high-salaried tech employees flocking toSilicon Valley.As the Los Angeles Times reported,someSan Franciscoresidents supported the measure simpl
25、y because it seemed like a way to check a big corporation.Opponents of Proposition F countered that the housing crisis runs much deeper,and that passing the rule would have discouraged a popular service while doing little to solve the citys existing problems.8.The intention of Proposition F is to _.
26、A.place time limits in local election.B.set limits on short-term rental.C.strike down a controversial rule.D.urge users to vote against Airbnb.9.What is the negative consequence of Airbnb onSan Francisco?A.It shrinks the living space of middle-class families.B.Users are taken advantage of by the ser
27、vice financially.C.It makes the house market more competitive.D.It indirectly leads to high house rental price.10.The housing crisis inSan Franciscoresults from _.A.explosion of the living cost B.its geographic characteristics C.generosity of local enterprises D.inflow of migrant population 11.Theau
28、thors attitude toward Proposition F is _.A.objective B.supportive C.negative D.indifferent D According to a survey,the wasteof food on the dining table occupies 10%of the total grain output.Last week,Meituan,a giant online food ordering platform,co-published a proposal with a number of business orga
29、nizations,calling on restaurants to stop food waste and help develop new eating habits for customers.Following the proposal,merchants are asked to offer guidance for consumers,including reminding them during the ordering process about the taste of the ingredients,portion sizes and other information
30、about the dishes,to helpthem avoid excessive ordering and food waste.Catering（餐饮)associations in more than 18 provinces have also joined the campaign to remove food waste.The Wuhan Catering Association proposed an“NT ordering code for restaurants in which a group of 10 diners would only order enough
31、 for nine people.More food is only brought to the table if required.On Friday,the China Cuisine Association announced that it had teamed up with Ele.me,the Alibaba Group Holding-owned food delivery platform,to launch a half-dish plan,encouraging restaurants to provide customers with the option to or
32、der smaller portions.Tang Zhisong,a professor at Southwest University Education School,said Evaluating how much you can eat,how much you should buy and how to deal with the leftover is a way for young people to improve their self-management.Its also a means to teach them sharing food,caring about ot
33、hers,and more importantly,developing a mindset of suitability.12.Whats the purpose of the proposal mentioned in the passage?A.To change customers attitude toward life.B.To promote a new policy on food delivery.C.To spread the idea of healthy eating.D.To encourage restaurants to reduce food waste.13.
34、What does the underlined word“excessive in Paragraph 2 prolably mean?A.More than enough.B.Less than required.C.Better than ever.D.Worse than before.14.Paragraph 3 is mainly developed by.A.offering analyses B.presenting a survey C.giving examples D.making comparisons 15.What do Tangs words suggest?A.
35、Sharing food is caring about others.B.Young people should have self-discipline.C.Reducing food waste has all-round benefits.D Saving food contributes to a sustainable society.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Building a Lasting Social Relationship We all know that
36、friends are special people who we share our lives with,and who share their lives with us in return._16_ According to research recently published in the Journal of Social and Personal Relationships,the key is to use“we-talk”.Led byUniversityofCaliforniapsychologist Megan Robins and her colleagues,the
37、 researchers reviewed and analyzed 30 different studies involving over 5,000 participants._17_ The word“we”moves people from an individual position into a partnership,which makes us more interdependent.“_18_Word use is a window into what people are thinking and feeling without asking them,”Robbins t
38、old Science Daily._19_The primary point is that interdependence may bring about supportive and relationship-centered behaviors and positive perceptions of the partner especially important in times of stress and disagreement Contrary to“we-talk”,there is“I-talk”,which refers to the frequent use of th
39、e first-person singular pronouns,such as“I”,“me”and“mine”,when writing or speaking.Earlier this year,researcher analyzed a set of data that came from 47,000 people inGermanyand theUS._20_As you can see from the two studies,too much“I-talk”can make you feel depressed.But“we-talk”can encourage you to
40、become more positive and create a chain effect of healthy interdependence with others.So next time you are talking to a friend,try using more“we-talk”.You may find yourself feeling more positive and the effect it will have on your friend will be positive as well.A.Pronouns offer an insight into whet
41、her people see themselves as individuals or as part of a whole.B.If you are speaking in a person context,youre speaking about something thats of relevance to you.C.Their research also found that“we-talk”is helpful for resolving conflicts.D.Self-centered people are found to be indifferent to many thi
42、ngs in society and other people because all their concentration is only on themselves and their needs.E.This analysis of“we-talk”suggested that the frequent use of“we”and“us”is linked to happier and healthier relationships.F.They found that too much“I-talk”was an accurate linguistic marker for the l
43、ikelihood that someone is feeling stressed or experiencing negative emotions.G.But seeking friends and keeping the friendship going are never easy.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 For many,public speaking is a huge headache.As someone who
44、is very shy,I never thought I could perfectly_21_a speech until I decided to_22_an English speaking competition.One day when I entered the classroom,my eyes were immediately drawn to a sign_23_that an English speaking competition would be hold next month.Giving a speech in front of a large audience
45、would be a huge challenge for me._24_,I really didnt want to miss this opportunity to help_25_my confidence and cultivate(培养)my _26_speaking skills.I was torn between my desire of participating and my_27_of speaking in public.In the end,I_28_myself to sign up and to take on the challenge.I didnt wan
46、t to be shy any more.I carefully chose a suitable topicand constantly polished my speech to_29_it.I also practiced my pronunciation and every gesture in front of the mirror over and over again._30_,the big day arrived.I heard he hot say,Lets welcome contestant number 9.I stepped onto the stage and s
47、aw that the hall was completely_31_with people.A burst of fear took over me.I could feel my heart pounding and my palms(手掌)began to_32_and got wet.My legs trembled and I felt as cold as ice.To make matters worse,my mind went_33_and I couldnt remember what I was going to say.I was at the point of giv
48、ing up when I suddenly_34_my English teacher in thecrowd,who was standing in the corner and smiling at me.Seeing her warm smile,I felt that a sense of_35_immediately replaced the mounting fear and anxiety in my mind.My only thought was that I needed to calm down and enjoy this cheerful moment on sta
49、ge.I took a deep breath,calmed down and started my speech.I focused all of my attention on every word so I wouldnt make any mistakes.I gradually became_36_in my speech and my nervousness transformed into confidence and excitement.It turned out that my speech was nothing but success.I_37_from the oth
50、er competitors.I took my_38_at the podium(领奖台)to receive a shining medal for my speech.From what I have experienced,I know nothing is_39_.We will face many difficulties in life.These difficulties are like climbing a mountain.It might be difficult at first,but overcoming the difficult will take you t