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1、省略句 基本概念省略句的定义：省略句是为了避免重复、突出新信息并使上下文紧密连接的一种语法修辞手段。省略在语言中，尤其在对话中，是一种十分普遍的现象。第1页/共28页简单句的省略1 1、省略主语、省略主语 祈使句中主语通常省略；其它省略主语祈使句中主语通常省略；其它省略主语多限于少数现成的说法。多限于少数现成的说法。(1)(1)(I)(I)Thankyouforyourhelp.Thankyouforyourhelp.(2)(2)(I)(I)Seeyoutomorrow.Seeyoutomorrow.(3)(3)(It)(It)Doesntmatter.Doesntmatter.(4)(4)(
2、I)(I)Begyourpardon.Begyourpardon.第2页/共28页2 2、省略主谓或主谓语的一部分、省略主谓或主谓语的一部分 (1)(1)(Thereis)(Thereis)Nosmoking.Nosmoking.(2)(2)(Isthere)(Isthere)Anythingwrong?Anythingwrong?(3)(3)(Willyou)(Willyou)Haveasmoke?Haveasmoke?(4)What/How(4)What/How(doyouthink)(doyouthink)aboutacupoftea?aboutacupoftea?(5)Why(5)Wh
3、y(doyou)(doyou)notsayhellotohim?notsayhellotohim?简单句的省略第3页/共28页简单句的省略3 3、省略作宾语的不定式短语，只保留、省略作宾语的不定式短语，只保留toto，但如果，但如果该宾语是动词该宾语是动词bebe或完成时态，则须在之后加上或完成时态，则须在之后加上bebe或或have:have:(1)Are you going there?-Yes,Id like to(1)Are you going there?-Yes,Id like to(go there).(go there).(2)He didnt give me the chan
4、ce,though he had promised to(2)He didnt give me the chance,though he had promised to(give me the chance).(give me the chance).(3)Are you an engineer?-No,but I want(3)Are you an engineer?-No,but I want to be.to be.(4)He hasnt finished the task yet.-Well,he ought(4)He hasnt finished the task yet.-Well
5、,he ought to haveto have.第4页/共28页简单句的省略4 4、省略表语、省略表语 (1)Areyouthirsty?-Yes,Iam(1)Areyouthirsty?-Yes,Iam(thirsty).(thirsty).(2)Hisbrotherisntlazy,norishissister(2)Hisbrotherisntlazy,norishissister(lazy).(lazy).5 5、同时省略几个成分、同时省略几个成分 (1)Lets meet at the same place as(1)Lets meet at the same place as(we
6、 met)(we met)yesterday.yesterday.(2)-Have you finished your work?(2)-Have you finished your work?-(I have)(I have)Not Not(finished my work)(finished my work)yet.yet.第5页/共28页并列句中的省略 两个并列句中，后一个分句常省略与前一分句中两个并列句中，后一个分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分。相同的部分。(1)Myfatherisadoctorandmymother(1)Myfatherisadoctorandmymother(is
7、)(is)anurse.anurse.(2)Istudyatcollegeandmysister(2)Istudyatcollegeandmysister(studies)(studies)athighathighschool.school.(3)Whensummercomes,thedayisgettinglonger(3)Whensummercomes,thedayisgettinglongerandlonger,andthenightandlonger,andthenight(isgetting)(isgetting)shorterandshorterandshorter.shorter
8、.第6页/共28页主从复合句中的省略1 1、主句中主谓被省略、主句中主谓被省略(1)(1)(Im)(Im)Sorrytohearyouareill.Sorrytohearyouareill.(2)(2)(Itsa)(Itsa)Pitythathemissedsuchagoodchance.Pitythathemissedsuchagoodchance.2 2、用、用so,notso,not省略上文或问句中的一部分或整个句义。省略上文或问句中的一部分或整个句义。(1)Ishecomingbacktonight?-Ithink(1)Ishecomingbacktonight?-Ithinksoso
9、.(2)Shemustbebusynow?-If(2)Shemustbebusynow?-Ifsoso,shecantgowithus.,shecantgowithus.(3)Isshefeelingbettertoday?-Imafraid(3)Isshefeelingbettertoday?-Imafraidnotnot.(4)Doyouthinkhewillattendthemeeting?-Iguess(4)Doyouthinkhewillattendthemeeting?-Iguessnotnot.这这种用法常种用法常见见的有：的有：Howso?Whyso?Isthatso?Ihop
10、eHowso?Whyso?Isthatso?Ihopeso.Hesaidso.so.Hesaidso.及及Isuppose/believe/hopenot.Isuppose/believe/hopenot.第7页/共28页其它省略1 1、连词的、连词的thatthat省略省略(1)(1)宾语宾语从句中常省略从句中常省略连词连词thatthat.(2)(2)在定在定语语从句中从句中，thatthat在从句中作在从句中作宾语时宾语时可省略可省略.另外，凡是另外，凡是进进行行时时态态和被和被动语态动语态的定的定语语从句都可省略关系代从句都可省略关系代词词和和bebe动词动词。2、在、在while,w
11、hen,if,asif,though,although,as,until,once,whether,unless,where等连接的状语从句中，从句的主语与等连接的状语从句中，从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，可省去主句的主语一致时，可省去“主语主语+be”部分部分(1)When(hewas)stillaboyof10,hehadtoworkdayandnight.(2)Shetriedherbestthough(shewas)ratherpoorinhealth.(3)If(youare)askedyoumaycomein.注意当状语从句的主语和谓语部分是itis/was时，itis/was可能
12、省略。Youmusteatitwhen(itis)fresh.If(itis)heated,waterbecomessteam.When(itis)necessaryyoucanhelpustodosomething.第8页/共28页其它省略3 3、不定式符号、不定式符号toto的省略的省略(1)(1)并列的不定式可省去后面的并列的不定式可省去后面的 to.to.ItoldhimtositdownItoldhimtositdownandandwaitforwaitforamoment.amoment.(2)help(2)help当当“帮助帮助”讲时讲时，后面的，后面的宾语宾语或或宾补宾补的不定
13、式符号的不定式符号toto可可带带可不可不带带.IwillhelpIwillhelp(to)(to)doitforyou.doitforyou.IwillhelpyouIwillhelpyou(to)(to)doit.doit.（3 3）介）介词词butbut前若有前若有动词动词do,do,后面的不定式不后面的不定式不带带 to.to.TheboydidnothingTheboydidnothingbutplaybutplay.第9页/共28页其它省略(4)(4)某些某些使役动词（使役动词（let,make,havelet,make,have）及感官动词）及感官动词（see,watch,hea
14、r,notice,observe,feel,look see,watch,hear,notice,observe,feel,look at,listen toat,listen to等等）后面作宾语补足语的不定式一定要）后面作宾语补足语的不定式一定要省去省去 to,to,但在被动语态中须将但在被动语态中须将to to 复原。复原。I I saw the boy fall fromsaw the boy fall from the tree.the tree.The boy The boy was seen to fall fromwas seen to fall from the tree.t
15、he tree.The boss The boss made us workmade us work 12 hours a day.12 hours a day.We We were made to workwere made to work 12 hours a day 12 hours a day.第10页/共28页其它省略(5)(5)主主语语从句中有从句中有动词动词dodo,后面作表后面作表语语的不定式的的不定式的 toto可可带带可可不不带带。AllwecandonowisAllwecandonowis(to)wait(to)wait.(6)find(6)find当当“发现发现”讲时讲
16、时，后面作，后面作宾语补宾语补足足语语的不定式符号的不定式符号toto可可带带可不可不带带。WefoundhimWefoundhim(to)workveryhardat(to)workveryhardattheexperiment.theexperiment.但如果是不定式但如果是不定式 tobetobe，则则不能省略不能省略。ShefoundhimShefoundhimtobetobedishonest.dishonest.第11页/共28页其它省略4 4、连词、连词ifif在部分虚拟条件句中可省略，但语序有在部分虚拟条件句中可省略，但语序有变化。变化。(1)(1)Hadtheytime,t
17、heywouldcertainlycomeandhelpus.(2)WereIyou,Iwoulddotheworkbetter.(3）Shouldtherebeaflood,whatshouldwedo?5 5、主句和从句各有一些成分省略。、主句和从句各有一些成分省略。Thesooner(youdoit),thebetter(itwillbe).第12页/共28页Choose the best answers.1)-Tomorrowisaholiday.Whyareyoudoingyourhomework?-IamdoingtheseexercisesnowsothatIwonthave_o
18、nSunday.A.itB.themC.forD.to第13页/共28页2)-ShallIinviteAnntomybirthdaypartytomorrowevening?-Yes.Itllbefineifyou_.A.areB.canC.inviteD.do3)-Arentyouthemanager?-No,andI_A.dontwanttoB.dontwanttobeC.dontwantbeD.dontwant第14页/共28页4)-Illbeawayonabusinesstrip.Wouldyoumindlookingaftermycat?-Notatall_.A.IvenotimeB
19、.IdrathernotC.IdlikeitD.Idbegladto5)-Wontyouhaveanothertry?-_.A.Yes,IwillhaveB.Yes,IwonthaveC.Yes,IwontD.Yes,Iwill第15页/共28页6)-Iwontdoitanymore.-_?A.WhynotB.WhydontdoanymoreC.WhynotdoD.Whydont第16页/共28页7)-Doyouthinkitwillsnowtomorrow?-_?A.IdontthinkB.No,IdontthinkC.IdontthinksoD.No,Idontso8)-Haveyoufe
20、dthecat?-No,but_.A.ImB.IamC.ImjustgoingD.Imjustgoingto第17页/共28页1.The house rent is expensive,Ive got about half the space I had at home but Im paying _ here.A.as three times much B.as much three times C.much as three times D.three times as much高考链接D解析：答案解析：答案D D。修饰比较级的。修饰比较级的three timesthree times只能
21、置于比较结构之前，不能置于其后或只能置于比较结构之前，不能置于其后或其中；本题中比较状语从句部分被省略。其中；本题中比较状语从句部分被省略。第18页/共28页3.Is this the reason _ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?A.he explained B.what he explained C.how he explained D.why he explainedA解析：答案解析：答案A A。explainexplain作作“解释解释”讲讲为及物动词，须接宾语；此处关系代为及物动词，须接宾语；此处关系代词词thatt
22、hat或或whichwhich被省略；被省略；whywhy引导定语引导定语从句时，在句中作状语，相当于从句时，在句中作状语，相当于for for whichwhich。第19页/共28页4.The disc,digitally _ in the studio,sounded fantastic at the party that night.A.recorded B.recording C.to be recorded D.having recordedA解析：答案解析：答案A A。因。因the discthe disc与与recordrecord之间存在逻辑的被动关系，且动作发之间存在逻辑的
23、被动关系，且动作发生在过去，须用过去分词作定语，相生在过去，须用过去分词作定语，相当于当于which was digitally recorded which was digitally recorded in the studioin the studio。第20页/共28页5._ be sent to work there?A.Who do you suggest B.Who do you suggest that should C.Do you suggest who should D.Do you suggest whom shouldA解析：答案解析：答案A A。本题结构为。本题结构
24、为“疑问句疑问句+插入语插入语+陈述句陈述句”do you suggestdo you suggest为插为插入语入语,suggest,suggest后宾语从句常用虚拟语后宾语从句常用虚拟语气，谓语动词的形式气，谓语动词的形式“（shouldshould）+动动词原形词原形”shouldshould可省略。可省略。第21页/共28页语法应试I.改写句子（使用省略手段避免下面各句重复与冗赘）1.Someone has used my mobile phone,but I dont know who has used it.2.John worked hard but his brother di
25、d not work hard.3.I have lazy students and hardworking students in my class.4.-Has he ever been abroad?-No,he has never been abroad.第22页/共28页5.If it is necessary,we will finish it ahead of time.6.You must not be late and you must not be absent.7.Give me your name and address,please.8.It is well done
26、.9.He could answer the questions very well if he would answer the questions but he didnt answer the questions.第23页/共28页II.单项选择1.-I wont do it any more.-_?A.Why dont B.Why dont do it any more C.Why not D.Why not to2.Although _ to stop,he kept on working.A.tell B.telling C.having told D.told3.-Will yo
27、u waste time and money on that?-Certainly_.A.I not B.dont C.not D.no第24页/共28页4.-Mary didnt attend the lecture,did she?-Yes,she_.A.attended B.didnt attend C.didnt D.did5.-Whats John doing?-_ newspapers in the room.A.She reading B.She reads C.To read D.Reading6._ always succeed.A.Honest and clever stu
28、dents B.Students who honest and clever C.Honest students and clever D.Students are honest and clever第25页/共28页7.-Can you climb that tree,my boy?-_?A.I B.MyselfC.MineD.Me8.Some people are against the plan but _ support it.A.any more B.many more C.much moreD.no more9.-Ill be away for a business trip.Wo
29、uld you mind looking after my cat?-Not at all._.A.Ive no timeB.Id rather not C.Id like to D.Id be happy to第26页/共28页10.-Why not go and have a dinner in a restaurant?-_.Its too expensive.A.Why not B.I agree C.Im afraid notD.Im sure11._ I had time,I would have run round that lake again.A.IfB.UnlessC.HadD.When12.-What do you think made Mary so upset?-_ her bicycle.A.As she lost B.LostC.Because of losingD.Losing第27页/共28页感谢您的观看！第28页/共28页