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1、高中英语写作基础高中英语写作基础句子结构分析句子结构分析什么是句子？什么是句子？无论字数多少，只要有主语和谓语（动词），无论字数多少，只要有主语和谓语（动词），而且能表达完整的意义的一句话就是一个句而且能表达完整的意义的一句话就是一个句子。子。Iamtired.ThebirdinthecagewhichIboughtyesterday要记住：在英语中，一个句子必须且只能要记住：在英语中，一个句子必须且只能有一个谓语。有一个谓语。句子成分的构成句子成分的构成句子的主干成分：句子的主干成分：主语（主语（S-subject）谓语（）谓语（V-verb）宾语（宾语（O-object）表语（）表语（P-
2、predicative句子的次要成分：句子的次要成分：定语（定语（Attri-attribute）状语（状语（Adv-adverb）补语（补语（Oc-objectcomplement）句子成分练习题句子成分练习题(一一)(一).指出下列句中主语主语的中心词Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.Thereisanoldmancominghere.Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear.Todotodayshomeworkwithouttheteachershelpisve
3、rydifficult.(二)选出句中谓语谓语的中心词Idontlikethepictureonthewall.Thedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes.Doyouusuallygotoschoolbybus?Therewillbeameetingatthelibrarythisafternoon.Didthetwinshaveporridgefortheirbreakfast?(三)挑出下列句中的宾语宾语Mybrotherhasntdonehishomework.PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.Youmustpayg
4、oodattentiontoyourpronunciation.Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?(四)挑出下列句中的表语表语Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired.WhyisheworriedaboutJim?Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.SoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.Shewasthefirsttolearnaboutit.(五)挑出下列句中的定语Th
5、eyuseMr,Mrswiththefamilyname.Whatisyourgivenname?OnthethirdlapareClass1andClass3.Iamafraidsomepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.(六)挑出下列句中的宾语补足语宾语补足语Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.Shefounditdifficulttodothework
6、.TheycallmeLilysometimes.IsawMrWanggetonthebus.DidyouseeLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow?(七)挑出下列句中的状语状语Therewasabigsmileonherface.Everynightheheardthenoiseupstairs.HebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaseleven.Themanonthemotorbikewastravellingtoofast.Withthemedicineboxunderherarm,MissLihurriedoff.
7、Shelovesthelibrarybecauseshelovesbooks.(八)划出句中的直接宾语直接宾语和间接宾语间接宾语Pleasetellusastory.Myfatherboughtanewbikeformelastweek.MrLiisgoingtoteachushistorynextterm.Hereisapen.GiveittoTom.Didheleaveanymessageforme?句子成分练习题句子成分练习题(二二)指出下列句子中划线部分的句子成分：1.Whetherwellgodependontheweather.2.Peoplesstandardsoflivinga
8、regoingupsteadily.3.Thatwashowtheyweredefeated.4.Thenurserytakesgoodcareofourchildren.5.Illreturnthebooktoyoutomorrow.6.Wearesurethatweshallsucceed.7.Thewomanwithababyinherarmsishisother.8.TherearemanyfilmthatIdliketosee.9.Haveyoumetthepersonaboutwhomhewasspeaking?10.Ihavealotofworktodo.AnywayIwonts
9、topyoufromdoingit.11.Isaiditinfun.12.Wecansendacarovertofetchyou.Shehadtoworkstandingup.13.Seeingthis,somecomradesbecameveryworried.14.Muchinterested,heagreedtogiveitatry.15.Thebusarrivedtenminuteslate.Weshouldservethepeopleheartandsoul.简单句简单句:只包含一个主谓结构的句子只包含一个主谓结构的句子.HeoftenreadsEnglishinthemorning
10、.并列句并列句:简单句简单句+并列连词并列连词+简单句简单句Hurryup,oryoullmissthetrain.常用的连词有常用的连词有and,or,for,but,yet,while,so,notonlybutalsoneithernoreitheror复合句复合句:含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。从句包括从句包括名词性从句名词性从句,定语从句和状语定语从句和状语从句等从句等TheforeignvisitorstookalotofpictureswhentheywereattheGreatWall.句子的分类句子的分类 如果是一个复合句，主句和从句都应该如果是
11、一个复合句，主句和从句都应该分别有自己的主语和谓语分别有自己的主语和谓语。不要把从句。不要把从句的谓语当成句子的谓语的谓语当成句子的谓语,或把主句的或把主句的谓语当成从句的谓语谓语当成从句的谓语.典型错误：典型错误：1)Thosewhoeattoomuchwilleasilyill.Thosewhoeattoomuchwilleasilygetill.2)Whenhewalkinginthepark,hefeltalittletired.3）WhenIatschool,Istudiedveryhard.Whenhewaswalkinginthepark,hefeltalittletired.W
12、henIwasatschool,Istudiedveryhard.Exercises判断句型判断句型l1.Havingfinishedhishomework,theboywentontohelphismother.l2.Whathesaysdoesntsuitwhathedoes.(简单句简单句划线部分在句中作状语，修饰划线部分在句中作状语，修饰整个句子整个句子)(复合句复合句包含两个名词性从句：包含两个名词性从句：Whathesays是一个主语从句；是一个主语从句；whathedoes是一是一个宾语从句个宾语从句)l3.WeoftenstudyChinesehistoryonFridayaf
13、ternoon.l4.TheboywhoofferedmehisseatiscalledTom.l5.Thereisachairinthisroom,isntthere?简单句简单句复合句复合句简单句简单句6.HeisinClassOneandIaminClassTwo.7.Hewasfondofdrawingwhenhewasyetachild.8.MybrotherandIgotoschoolathalfpastseveninthemorningandcomebackhomeatsevenintheevening.并列句并列句复合句复合句简单句简单句9.Neitherhashechange
14、dhismind,norwillhedoso.10.Whathesaidatthemeetingisveryimportant,isntit?11.Thefarmerisshowingtheboyhowtoplantatree.12.BothTomandJackenjoycountrymusic.并列句并列句复合句复合句简单句简单句简单句简单句简单句的五种句型简单句的五种句型1）SV 主语谓语主语谓语eg.The telephone rang.His father might have died.2)SVP 主语谓语表语主语谓语表语eg.The plan sounds perfect.Fran
15、k is an artist.3)SVO 主语谓语宾语主语谓语宾语eg.I saw a bird.My sister enjoyed the play.4)SVOiOd 主语谓语主语谓语+间接宾语直接宾语间接宾语直接宾语eg.The lady gave Jack a watch.My father bought me a bicycle.5)SVOC 主语谓语宾语补语主语谓语宾语补语eg.They called him a fool.She found the children fast asleep.*在阅读句子的时候，第一个任务就是要找到谓语在阅读句子的时候，第一个任务就是要找到谓语!*做
16、谓语的动词有时态、语态和数的变化；还有做谓语的动词有时态、语态和数的变化；还有 及物动词与不及物动词的区别。及物动词与不及物动词的区别。.简单句简单句1.Things changed.2.Trees are green.3.We dont beat children.4.He gave his sister the piano.5.I found the book easy.主 +谓主 +谓 +表主 +谓 +宾主+谓 +间接宾语 +直接宾语 主 +谓 +宾 +宾补Nobody went.She became a doctor.The car caught fire.I will write y
17、ou a long letter.I will let him go.PracticePractice 主 +谓主 +谓 +表主 +谓 +宾主+谓 +间接宾语 +直接宾语主 +谓 +宾 +宾补写一个完整的句子这几句是正确的句子吗?如果你认为有误,该怎么改?1.The meeting will until 3:00.2.Work hard,you will succeed.3.I have a brother,who is a doctor.4.There are only 4 students take part in the class.lastand whotaking/to take 5
18、.Pleasespeakloudersothateverybodycanlistenyou.6.Greatchangeshavebeentakenplaceinmyhometown.7.Listen!Someoneknockingatthedoor.8.Hetoldmedontcallhimbefore9oclock.9.Doyourparentsallowyoumakeyourowndecision?hearisnottoto10.AlthoughitisonlyAugust,buttheweatherisgettingworsedaily.11.Becausetheprofessorhad
19、fallenill,sohewasnotabletobepresentattheconference.12.InJapan,apersonseesthe“OK”gesturemaythinkitmeansmoney.13.WhenIpasthisroom,IheardhimsinginganEnglishsong.whopassed一个句子一个句子不能不能同时有两个谓语。同时有两个谓语。典型错误：典型错误：1)Theoldmanlikestakeawalkinthe2)villageaftersupper.Theoldmanlikestotakeawalkinthevillageaftersu
20、pper.2)Ienjoytalkwithhimoveracupofcoffee.Ienjoytalkingwithhimoveracupofcoffee.3)Theboyrantohismothercry.Theboyrantohismothercrying.4)Afterwritethenotice,heputituponthewall.Afterwritingthenotice,heputituponthewall.Afterhewrotethenotice,heputituponthewall.Practice:判断以下是否是句子判断以下是否是句子1.Birdscanfly.2.The
21、birdsinthecagewhichIboughtYesterday.3.Waitformeatthestation.4.Ifyouknowhowtoplaywithwordstomakepeoplelaugh.5.Awayofsaying“Imsorry”6.Pattingthestomachbeforeameal7.Thebreadmymothermakesismuchbetterthanwhatyoucanbuyatthestore.8.Tomakefriendsintheschoolwhichwasnotfarfrommynewhome9.Ifyouwanttoknowwhatitf
22、eelsliketofallthroughtheair,takeoffinarocket,flyahelicopterorfightaliencreaturesinouterspace.10.Happybirthday.请分析下列句子结构：请分析下列句子结构：1.IsawMissLiwalkingwithhisfriendsinthestreetyesterday.2.Theysaidthingisthatthatuglymanwithalotofmoneychooseslivingalone.3.InAfrica,Imetaboy,whowascryingasifhisheartwouldb
23、reakandsaid,whenIspoketohim,thathewashungrybecausehehadhadnofoodfortwodays.4.Weknowthatyouhaveahighopinionofthekindoflearningtaughtinyourschool,andthatthecostsoflivingofyoungmenwhilewithyou,wouldbeveryexpensive.l1._downtheradio-thebabysasleepinthenextroom.lA.TurningB.ToturnC.TurnedD.Turnl2.Wouldyoul
24、ikeacupofcoffee_shallwegetdowntobusinessrightaway?lA.andB.thenC.orD.otherwisel3.Shesetoutsoonafterdark_homeanhourlater.lA.arrivingB.toarrivelC.havingarrivedD.andarrivedl4.ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherdaughter,_,infact,Iwastalkingaboutmydaughter.lA.whomB.whereC.whichD.whilel5.RecentlyIboughtanancient
25、Chinesevase,_wasveryreasonable.A.whichpriceB.thepriceofwhichC.itspriceD.thepriceofthatl6.Aftertenyears,shechangedalotandlookeddifferentfrom_sheusedtobe.A.thatB,whomC.whatD.whol7._severaltimesaboutit,buthecouldnotgivethecorrectanswer.A.BeingaskedB.HavingbeenaskedC.HewouldaskD.Hehadbeenasked8._thedays
26、wenton,thesituationtheregotworse.A.WithB.SinceC.WhileD.Asl9.Whodoyouthinkthedoctorwillhave_first,JohnorKate?A.examineB.toexamineC.examiningD.examinedl10.Shewonthefirstprizeinthespeechcontestand_surprisedus.A.whichB.itC.asD.whol11.Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,_ofgreatimportancetoscience.A.whichIth
27、inkisB.whichIthinkitisC.whichIthinkitD.Ithinkisl12.SheisAmerican,_sheknowslittleaboutAmericanhistory.A.soB.yetC.andD.thereforel13._thetextasecondtime,themeaningwillbecomeclearertoyou.A.ReadB.ReadingC.IfreadingD.Whenyoureadl14._,sohedidntcometoschoollastweek.A.ThoughhewasillB.BeingillC.HavingbeenillD
28、.Hewasill句子成分练习题句子成分练习题(三三)A组组 1._sixyearssinceIbegantostudyEnglish.A.ItisB.IhavebeenC.ThereareD.Itwas2_intheroomatthattime.A.NobodywasB.SomeonewereC.WhoisD.Heare3ITSverynoisyoutside._isgoingon?A.WhoB.WhatC.WhichD.Where4、_inEnglishinclasseverydayisimportant.A.SpeakB.TalkingC.SayingD.Totell5、Theremus
29、tbe_nearthefactory.A.abookstoreB.bookstoreC.booksstoreD.booksstores6、Althoughitsraininghard,_arestillworkinginthefields.A.buttheyB.andtheyC.theyD.sincetheyB组组1.Thedoctoraswellasthenurses_greatconcernforthepatients.A.showB.showsC.haveshownD.areshowing2.Yoursonmustbeacleverboy,_he?A.isB.isntC.mustD.mu
30、stnt3.Thecomputercenter,_lastyear,isverypopularamongstudentsinthisschool.1.A.openB.opening2.C.openedD.beingopened4、I_gototheshoptoday,forthereisalotoffoodathome.A.mustntB.hadtoC.cantD.neednt5、Dont_excited.A.getB.isC.seemD.look6Thisroom_everymorning.A.iscleaningB.iscleanedC.CleansD.cleaningC组：组：1、Gla
31、dtomeetyou!_isyourfullname?A.WhatB.WhereC.HowD.Who2、Heis_tolifttheheavybox.A.tooweakB.weaktooC.enoughweakD.weakenough3、Thedaysare_warmerandwarmerinspring.A.gettingB.lookingC.seemingD.going4、Hisjobis_English.A.teachB.toteachC.taughtD.teaches5、Twoballsare_.A.underthedeskB.inthewallC.tohereD.atdesks基础写
32、作四重奏基础写作四重奏:1.1.确定主题人称，时态，要点确定主题人称，时态，要点:确定哪些确定哪些2.相相关关的的信信息息可可用用一一句句话话表表达达,可可将将不不同同的的信息进行整合信息进行整合(完整性完整性)2.列出关键词组和句型列出关键词组和句型(准确性准确性)3.串联句子串联句子:用正确的语法结构写出准确的用正确的语法结构写出准确的句子句子,并形成篇章并形成篇章(连贯性连贯性)4.4.检查检查(准确性准确性)请用英文写一篇文章介绍你的的英语老师请用英文写一篇文章介绍你的的英语老师1.1.李莎，李莎，女，英语老师女，英语老师,22岁，岁，1.65米，米，2.身材苗条身材苗条,装扮入时。装
33、扮入时。2性格活泼，性格活泼，爱唱爱跳，爱唱爱跳，爱开玩笑。爱开玩笑。3教学方法生动活泼，常做游戏，精讲多练。教学方法生动活泼，常做游戏，精讲多练。4与学生关系融洽，曾深受同学欢迎；与学生关系融洽，曾深受同学欢迎；5.如今常与你通过电子邮件交流英语学习。如今常与你通过电子邮件交流英语学习。步骤一：确定主题时态，人称，步骤一：确定主题时态，人称，要点要点1.时态：一般现在时时态：一般现在时2.人称：第三人称人称：第三人称3.要点：要点：1）李莎，）李莎，女，女，22岁，岁，1。65米，身材苗米，身材苗条，装扮入时。性格活泼，条，装扮入时。性格活泼，爱唱爱跳，爱唱爱跳，爱开玩笑。爱开玩笑。2）教学
34、方法生动活泼，常做游戏，精讲多）教学方法生动活泼，常做游戏，精讲多练。与学生关系融洽，深受同学欢迎；练。与学生关系融洽，深受同学欢迎；5）常与学生通过电子邮件和网上聊天交流）常与学生通过电子邮件和网上聊天交流。2.activelikesplay jokes 3.be lively and interestingplay games,not speak much,leaves more time4.get on well with,be popular municate with.by e-mail or Internet步骤二：句子所需的词汇，短语和句型步骤二：句子所需的词汇，短语和句型1李莎
35、，李莎，女，英语老师女，英语老师,22岁，岁，1.65米，身材苗米，身材苗条条,装扮入时。装扮入时。2性格活泼，性格活泼，爱唱爱跳，爱唱爱跳，爱开玩笑。爱开玩笑。3教学方法生动活泼，常做游戏，精讲多练。教学方法生动活泼，常做游戏，精讲多练。4与学生关系融洽，深受同学欢迎；与学生关系融洽，深受同学欢迎；55.常与学生通过电子邮件和网上聊天交流。常与学生通过电子邮件和网上聊天交流。be slim and fashionable步骤三：连词成句，连句成篇步骤三：连词成句，连句成篇My English Teacher Li Sha，our English teacher,is a fashionabl
36、e and slim young lady,who is 22 years old,and1.65 meters high.To our joy,the active teacher likes dancing,singing,and she often plays jokes with us.More importantly,Her lessons are interesting and lively;she leaves us much time to practise and we often play games in class.Miss Li gets on so well wit
37、h us that she is very popular with us.After class,she often communicates with us by e-mail or Internet.。范文范文1:A Unique Teacher Li Sha，our English teacher,is a fashionable and slim young lady,who is 22 years old,and 1.65 meters tall.The active teacher likes dancing,singing and joking.Besides,her less
38、ons are interesting,lively;her teaching methods are also very unique,during which we often play games.She never talks much in class,instead,she leaves us much time to practise by ourselves,so all of us are interested in her lessons.Miss Li gets on well with the students;she always communicates with us by e-mail or Internet.范文范文2: