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1、目录 专业词汇 1 常用词 2 时态用法 5 常用各部分句型 6 Beginning6 Introduction6 Review6 Body7 Summary9 Abstract9 Objective/Goal/Purpose11 Problem/Issue/Question14 专业词汇 1.digital human model 数字人模型 2.control the software，interpret and apply the outputs 控制软件,解释并应用结果 3.workpalce model 工作场所模型 4.carrying conditions，lifting and
2、 lowering conditions and biomechanical condition 携带、举升放下和生物力学条件 5.proactive approach 前瞻性方法 reactive approach 事后反应方法 6.work position evaluation 工作姿势评价 7.recommended weight limit RWL 推荐重力限制 8.maximum acceptable weight MAW 最大可接受力 9.ergonomics optimization of workplaces 工作场所人机优化 10.常用词 1。人：individuals,c
3、haracters，folks 替换 people,persons。人 2.好的，积极的:positive,favorable,rosy，promising,perfect,pleasurable,excellent,outstanding，superior 替换 good.3.差的：dreadful,unfavorable，poor，adverse，ill 替换 bad（如果 bad 做表语，可以有 be less impressive 替换。）4。大量的：an army of，an ocean of，a sea of，a multitude of,a host of，if not most
4、 替换 many.5.一些：a slice of,quiet a few 替换 some.6.认为：harbor the idea that,take the attitude that，hold the view that，it is widely shared that，it is universally acknowledged that 替换 think。7。事情：affair,business,matter 替换 thing。8。评论：shared 替换 common.9.非常有益：reap huge fruits 替换 get many benefits。10。我认为：for my
5、 part,from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion.11.越来越：Increasing（ly）,growing 替换 more and more(注意没有 growingly 这种形式。所以当修饰名词时用 increasing/growing 修饰形容词，副词用 increasingly.)12.几乎不：little if anything 或 little or nothing 替换 hardly。13。有益的，有好处的:beneficial，rewarding 替换 helpful.14。顾客：shopper,client，consumer,pur
6、chaser 替换 customer。15。非常：overwhelmingly，exceedingly,extremely，intensely 替换 very。16。没有必要的 hardly necessary，hardly inevitable替换 unnecessary，avoidable。17。必要的 indispensable 替换 necessary.18.某人有兴趣 sth appeals to sb，sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换 sb take interest in/sb.be interested in。19。吸引某
7、人的注意力 capture ones attention 替换 attract ones attention。20.方面 facet,demension,sphere 替换 aspet.21.表明 be indicative of，be suggestive of，be fearful of 替换 indicate,suggest，fear。22。导致引起 give rise to,lead to,result in,trigger 替换 cause。23.有几个原因 There are several reasons behind sth 替换reasons for sth。24.想 des
8、ire 替换 want。25.注意 pour attention into 替换 pay attention to.26。记住 bear in mind that 替换 remember。27。过程 enjoy，possess 替换 have（注意 process 是过程的意思）.28.交互 interaction 替换 communication。29.不同意 frown on sth 替换 be against，disagree with sth。30.例如 as an example 替换 for example，for instance。31.几乎不可能 next to/virtual
9、ly impossible 替换 nearly/almost impossible.32。有关于 regarding/concerning 替换 about。33.关键，重要 crucial/paramount 替换 important。34。第一（in the first place/the first and foremost)；第二(there is one more point，I should touch on，that）；第三（the last but not the least）.35.努力工作 assiduous 替换 hard-working。36.困难 arduous 替换
10、 difficult。37.不好，差 underdeveloped/financially-challenged 替换 poor(因为 poor 通常含有贬义）.38。表明 demonstrate/manifest 替换 show.39.总是 invariably 替换 always。40.危险的 perilous/hazardous 替换 dangerous.41.困难 formidable 替换 difficult。42。典型的 quintessential 替换 typical（举例时常用，例如：a quintessential example should be cited that=
11、for example;for instance）.43.有名的，可识别的 distinguished 替换 famous。44。可能的 feasible 替换 possible.45。因此 consequently,accordingly 替换 so.46.通常，由数据推断出一定的结论,用 Results indicate，infer,suggest,imply that47。最常见的引述别人观点的词汇 Much of the research in sexual selection in the last two decades has examined how a females pre
12、ference that does not influence her immediate reproductive success can still evolve if it is genetically correlated with another character under direct selection。（不要每次写到研究时总用 study，可以用些其它的词汇，比如 examine，work。）Two hypotheses for female preference evolutionrunaway sexual selection and good genes select
13、ionstate that preferences evolve indirectly because they are genetically correlated with male traits that are under direct selection；that is，the preferences themselves are not under direct selection。（在引述别人的观点时，如果不能完全同意，使用 state 比 show 更加中立些。）Studies of receiver biases suggest that such analogies mig
14、ht not be broadly applicable。（suggest,又一种较为客观的引述观点的表达方法。）Burley argued that the preference for red beaks is adaptive because it indicates male health，and this preference is then transferred to leg-band color.(argue，引用别人观点的又一表述。)According to the anti-monotony hypothesis，habituation plays an important
15、 role in the evolution of complex vocalizations in songbirds:Increased song complexity reduces habituation of neighboring males and courting females。（根据)Previous studies of acoustic and bioluminescent interactions had emphasized potential advantages to groupsignaling organization，such as minimizing
16、predation,preserving speciesspecific signal characters，or increasing the attractiveness of the group。（带有小小的强调)48。常见的连接词有，However，also，in addition,consequently，afterwards,moreover，Furthermore,further,although，unlike，in contrast,Similarly，Unfortunately,alternatively,parallel results,In order to，despit
17、e,For example，Compared with,other results，thus，therefore用好连接词能使文章 层次清楚,意思明确。比如，叙述有时间顺序的事件或文献，最早的文献可用 AA advocated it for the first time.接下来可用 Then BB further demonstrated that.再接下来,可用 Afterwards,CC如果还有，可用 More recent studies by DD 49。received littleattention to date 现在已经没人关注 50。it can be seen that 从
18、可以看出 51.are dramatically reduced 巨大的 52.is crucial for 对至关重要 53.involving 涉及 54.Such phenomena support the hypothesis that 我们认为 55。made upof a sum of contributions of 什么的相互作用 56。Top left panelshows 左上图说明了 57.are of interest forseveral applications 有兴趣 58。are particularly worthy of academic investiga
19、tion 值得，学术研究 59.provides the best agreement betweenthe calculated and experimental data 相符合 时态用法 摘要：一般现在时 引言：一般现在时,别人说用过去式，1.别人发现什么 it was found that sth done sth 2.it indicates that 说的内容用一般现在时 3.对于现在我们做的 it is found that sth do sth 4。study,investigation 等要用过去式的被动 was studied,was carried out，was obs
20、erved,也可以用现在完成时，现在完成时和过去完成时区别只是起点不一样，一个是以现在为起点，一个以过去为起点。5。陈述一种事实用一般现在时（可有引用文献）6.涉及到 figure 这种词一般用现在时 实验：过去式 结果与讨论：一般用现在时，如果有人为因素，如我们做了什么事情,要用过去式，因为是过去做的。涉及实验部分也要用过去式。结论：the experimental investigations revealed/It was shown that/It was revealed experimentally that 后面加一般现在时陈述你之前得出的结果 7.注意点：当用到用什么设备测试时
21、用过去时，当关于我们以前做了什么，执行什么动作时用过去式，但是如 we believe，we find，we can see that,we observe 观测到什么结果，这些词可不用过去式。可用 could/would be done sth，讲到其他文献时用过去式 常用各部分句型 Beginning 1.In this paper,we focus on the need for 2。This paper proceeds as follow。3。The structure of the paper is as follows.4。In this paper，we shall first
22、 briefly introduce fuzzy sets and related concepts 5.To begin with we will provide a brief background on the Introduction 1.This will be followed by a description of the fuzzy nature of the problem and a detailed presentation of how the required membership functions are defined.2.Details on xx and x
23、x are discussed in later sections。3.In the next section,after a statement of the basic problem，various situations involving possibility knowledge are investigated：first,an entirely possibility model is proposed;then the cases of a fuzzy service time with stochastic arrivals and non fuzzy service rul
24、e is studied;lastly,fuzzy service rule are considered。Review 1。This review is followed by an introduction.2。A brief summary of some of the relevant concepts in xxx and xxx is presented in Section 2.3。In the next section,a brief review of the。.。is given.4。In the next section，a short review of。is give
25、n with special regard to。.5。Section 2 reviews relevant research related to xx.6。Section 1。1 briefly surveys the motivation for a methodology of action,while 1.2 looks at the difficulties posed by the complexity of systems and outlines the need for development of possibility methods.Body 1。Section 1
26、defines the notion of robustness，and argues for its importance.2.Section 1 devoted to the basic aspects of the FLC decision making logic。3。Section 2 gives the background of the problem which includes xxx 4.Section 2 discusses some problems with and approaches to，natural language understanding。5。Sect
27、ion 2 explains how flexibility which often。.can be expressed in terms of fuzzy time window 6.Section 3 discusses the aspects of fuzzy set theory that are used in the。.7。Section 3 describes the system itself in a general way，including the.and also discusses how to evaluate system performance。8。Sectio
28、n 3 describes a new measure of xx。9.Section 3 demonstrates the use of fuzzy possibility theory in the analysis of xx.10。Section 3 is a fine description of fuzzy formulation of human decision.11。Section 3,is developed to the modeling and processing of fuzzy decision rules 12.The main idea of the FLC
29、is described in Section 3 while Section 4 describes the xx strategies.13.Section 3 and 4 show experimental studies for verifying the proposed model。14。Section 4 discusses a previous fuzzy set based approach to cost variance investigation。15。Section 4 gives a specific example of xxx。16。Section 4 is t
30、he experimental study to make a fuzzy model of memory process.17。Section 4 contains a discussion of the implication of the results of Section 2 and 3.18。Section 4 applies this fuzzy measure to the analysis of xx and illustrate its use on experimental data.19.Section 5 presents the primary results of
31、 the paper：a fuzzy set model.。20。Section 5 contains some conclusions plus some ideas for further work。21。Section 6 illustrates the model with an example.22.Various ways of justification and the reasons for their choice are discussed very briefly in Section 2.23。In Section 2 are presented the block d
32、iagram expression of a whole model of human DM system 24.In Section 2 we shall list a collection of basic assumptions which a。.scheme must satisfy。25.In Section 2 of this paper，we present representation and uniqueness theorems for the fundamental measurement of fuzziness when the domain of discourse
33、 is order dense.26。In Section 3,we describe the preliminary results of an empirical study currently in progress to verify the measurement model and to construct membership functions。27.In Section 5 is analyzed the inference process through the two kinds of inference experiments.This Section 1.In thi
34、s section，the characteristics and environment under which MRP is designed are described。2.We will provide in this section basic terminologies and notations which are necessary for the understanding of subsequent results。Next Section 2.The next section describes the mathematics that goes into the com
35、puter implementation of such fuzzy logic statements.3。However,it is cumbersome for this purpose and in practical applications the formulae were rearranged and simplified as discussed in the next section.4.The three components will be described in the next two section,and an example of xx analysis of
36、 a computer information system will then illustrate their use。5。We can interpret the results of Experiments I and II as in the following sections.6.The next section summarizes the method in a from that is useful for arguments based on xx Summary 1。This paper concludes with a discussion of future res
37、earch consideration in section 5。2。Section 5 summarizes the results of this investigation。3.Section 5 gives the conclusions and future directions of research。4。Section 7 provides a summary and a discussion of some extensions of the paper.5。Finally，conclusions and future work are summarized 6。The bas
38、ic questions posed above are then discussed and conclusions are drawn。7。Section 7 is the conclusion of the paper。8。relying on obtained results，it can be assumed that 从得到的结果可以看出 9。Another possible reason for 另一个可能的问题 Abstract 1。A basic problem in the design of xx is presented by the choice of a xx ra
39、te for the measurement of experimental variables.2.This paper examines a new measure of xx in xx based on fuzzy mathematics which overcomes the difficulties found in other xx measures。3。This paper describes a system for the analysis of the xx。4。The method involves the construction of xx from fuzzy r
40、elations。5.The procedure is useful in analyzing how groups reach a decision。6.The technique used is to employ a newly developed and versatile xx algorithm。7.The usefulness of xx is also considered.8。A brief methodology used in xx is discussed。9.The analysis is useful in xx and xx problem.10。A model
41、is developed for a xx analysis using fuzzy matrices。11。Algorithms to combine these estimates and produce a xx are presented and justified.12.The use of the method is discussed and an example is given.13.Results of an experimental applications of this xx analysis procedure are given to illustrate the
42、 proposed technique.14.This paper analyses problems in 15。This paper outlines the functions carried out by。.16。This paper includes an illustration of the.。17.This paper provides an overview and information useful for approaching 18.Emphasis is placed on the construction of a criterion function by wh
43、ich the xx in achieving a hierarchical system of objectives are evaluated。19.The main emphasis is placed on the problem of xx 20。Our proposed model is verified through experimental study.21.The experimental results reveal interesting examples of fuzzy phases of:xx,xx 22.The compatibility of a projec
44、t in terms of cost，and xx are likewise represented by linguistic variables.23。A didactic example is included to illustrate the computational procedure Chapter 1.Introduction Time 1.Over the course of the past 30 years，.。has emerged form intuitive 2。Technological revolutions have recently hit the ind
45、ustrial world 3。The advent of.。systems for has had a significant impact on the 4.The development of。.。is explored 5。During the past decade,the theory of fuzzy sets has developed in a variety of directions 6。The concept of xx was investigated quite intensively in recent years 7.There has been a turni
46、ng point in。.methodology in accordance with the advent of。8.A major concern in.today is to continue to improve.。9.A xx is a latecomer in the part representation arena。10.At the time of this writing，there is still no standard way of xx 11。Although a lot of effort is being spent on improving these wea
47、knesses,the efficient and effective method has yet to be developed。12。The pioneer work can be traced to xx 1965。13.To date,none of the methods developed is perfect and all are far from ready to be used in commercial systems。Objective/Goal/Purpose 1。The purpose of the inference engine can be outlined
48、 as follows：2.The ultimate goal of the xx system is to allow the non experts to utilize the existing knowledge in the area of manual handling of loads，and to provide intelligent,computer aided instruction for xxx。3。The paper concerns the development of a xx 4.The scope of this research lies in 5。The
49、 main theme of the paper is the application of rule based decision making.6。These objectives are to be met with such thoroughness and confidence as to permit。.。7。The objectives of the.。.operations study are as follows：8。The primary purpose/consideration/objective of 9。The ultimate goal of this conce
50、pt is to provide 10.The main objective of such a。system is to 11。The aim of this paper is to provide methods to construct such probability distribution.12.In order to achieve these objectives，an xx must meet the following requirements：13.In order to take advantage of their similarity 14.more researc