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1、单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明 单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明 高二英语 Module 4 The world of music 外研社 单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明 【本讲教育信息】一.教学内容:Module 4 The world of music 二.重难点讲解:一重点单词:1.interpret 动词 v.口译;翻译 say in one language what someone has said in another languag
2、e I couldnt speak Italian so I asked Maria to interpret for me in the shop.我不会说意大利语,所以在商店里我请玛丽亚给我翻译。Have you got to do any interpreting next week?下周你有什么口译任务吗?动词 v.理解;抓到意思 understand;take the meaning to be They interpreted his silence as consent.他们把他的沉默理解为赞同。bine 单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:
3、阳芡明 单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明 动词 v.使结合 tocause tocome together;unite;act together The acid and alkali are combined into salt.酸与碱化合成盐。We consider it necessary to combine theory with practice.我们认为理论联络实际是必要的。Combine each pair of sentences into one sentence,using the second as an attribut
4、ive clause.把以下各对句子结合成一个句子,用第二句作为定语从句。In proteins,atoms of nitrogen are combined with carbon,hydrogen and oxygen atoms.在蛋自质中,氮原子与碳、氢、氧原子相化合。动词 v.结合;混合 unite;mix Oil and water will not combine.油和水混合不到一块儿。Two parties will combine to defeat the third.两 HY 派将结合一起以击败第三 HY。What chemicals combine together t
5、o form water?什么化学元素化合成水?The two teams combined and did very well in the sports meet.在运动会上这两个队合并成一个队,成绩很好。单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明 单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明 Efforts and confidence combine to make a full man.努力与信心结合造就完人。pose 及物动词 vt.创作乐曲、诗歌等 make up a poem,song,etc.Bazet
6、 composed an opera called“Carmen.比塞特创作了一部名叫“卡门的歌剧。The music was composed by him.这乐曲由他谱写而成。及物动词 vt.组成;构成通常用被动式 make upusu.in the passive The class is composed of twelve boys and eight girls.这个班由十二个男孩和八个女孩组成。Japanese houses are chiefly composed of wood.HY 人的房子主要由木头造成。The song was composed extempore.这个
7、曲子是即席做成的。The exhibition is composed of three parts.展览会由三个局部组成。The jury is composed of men.陪审团由男人组成。及物动词 vt.控制;使镇定;使安静 单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明 单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明 get under control;calm Compose yourself before we enter.在我们进去之前你要先镇静下来。Compose your mind!镇定下来!4.regu
8、late 及物动词 vt.有系统地管理 control by rule,principle,or system Accidents sometimes happen even in the best regulated families.即使在管理最好的家庭,意处事故也会发生。to regulate the traffic 管理交通 及物动词 vt.调整 put in order;make to work properly and accurately The prices are regulated by demand and supply.价格随着需要和供给而调整。to regulate
9、a clock 把钟对准 5.shrink 动词 v.缩小;变小;缩短 to become smaller or shorter after washing or heating My shirt has shrunk so much after washing that I cant wear it any more.单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明 单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明 我的衬衫洗过之后缩了很多,不能穿了。Woolen clothes shrink in hot water.毛料衣服
10、在热水中会收缩的。In bright light,the pupil shrinks.在太亮的光线里看东西,瞳孔会收缩。shrink back:move back,withdraw out of fear,sensitivity,etc.退缩;畏缩 A snail shrinks back at a touch.蜗牛一碰就缩回去了。shrink from:withdraw from to avoid encounter,flinch from;recoil from 退避;在面前畏缩或者退缩 The child shrinks from meeting strangers.这孩子怕见生疏人。I
11、t is a formidable task,but we are determined not to shrink from it.这是一个非常艰巨的任务,但是我们决不退缩。shrink up:try to make oneself small and inconspicuous out of shyness,etc.由于羞怯等畏缩 He had a tendency to shrink up whenever attention was focused on him.每当人们的注意力集中在他身上时,他往往畏缩不前。6.handle 名词 n.柄;把手 the part of a thing
12、 that you hold 单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明 单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明 I cant carry the bucket if the handle is broken.提手要是坏了我就提不动这桶了。Pick up the cup by the handle.捏着杯柄把杯子拿起来。They took these things by the handles.他们握住把手把这些东西拿了起来。His faults gave a handle to others.他的缺点给了别人以把
13、柄。及物动词 vt.触;摸;拿 touch something with the hands Dont handle that book until you wash your hands.在拿那本书前,请先洗手。You must be careful when you handle glass.拿玻璃时必须小心。及物动词 vt.管理;处理 look after something The director handles his staff well.董事长善管人事。The clerk handles all letters.秘书处理所有的信件。A child cant handle tha
14、t big dog.小孩子管不了那只大狗。单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明 单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明 及物动词 vt.商业经销;买卖 buy and sell;deal in This shop handles meat and eggs.这家商店经销肉和蛋。及物动词 vt.操纵;驾驭 control a person or animal He knows how to handle a horse.他懂得如何驾驭马。7.signify 及物动词 vt.意味着,表示 The wrinkles
15、 on his face signified that he had lived a hard life.他脸上的皱纹表示他饱受人间的辛酸。及物动词 vt.表示,告知 with,by signify ones satisfactionwith a nod 点头说明满意的意思 She signified her consent by raising her hand.她举手表示同意。及物动词 vt.表示,说明 She signified that she consented by raising her hand.她举手表示同意。及物动词 vt.成为的前兆 预告 A red sunset sig
16、nifies fine weather.单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明 单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明 红红的晚霞是晴天的预兆。及物动词 vt.有的重要性 What does it signify?那有多重要?不及物动词 vi.重要,重大 That does not signify.那不重要;那没有什么关系。It signifies little.=It doesnt signify much.那没什么大不了;那没有什么关系。8.present 形容词 adj.在场的;在的;出席的 being
17、here;being there Every member of the club was present.俱乐部的每个会员都出席了。Is all the class present?全班人都到了吗?形容词 adj.存在的 be presentbe or exist Oxygen is present in the air.氧存在于空气中。形容词 adj.现存的;正发生的 being or happening now 单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明 单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明 He is e
18、ver present in my thoughts.我始终惦记着他。my present job 我如今的工作 名词 n.如今 the time now He is at present away on his holidays.目前他去休假了。Im rather busy for the present.眼下我相当忙。Ive got enough money for the present,but I must go to the bank tomorrow.我的钱暂时还够用,但我明天必须去银行取款。present prices 价 at the present moment 此刻 at
19、the present time 如今 名词 n.礼物;赠品 gift,something that you give to someone Im going to buy Mother a present for her birthday.我要去给母亲买件生日礼物。单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明 单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明 We made a present of a giant panda to Japan.我们把一只大熊猫送给 HY 作为礼物。a birthday present 一件
20、生日礼物 a Christmas present 圣诞礼品 及物动词 vt.赠;送;给 give something Our class presented the school with a picture.我们班把一幅图画赠予。This watch was presented to me on that occasion.这只表是在那个时候作为礼品赠送给我的。及物动词 vt.介绍;引见人等 introduce,bringa person,etc.before somebody Allow me to present Mr.Brown to you.请允许我把布朗先生介绍给你。及物动词 vt
21、.寄来;送呈 to send in The dentist presented his bill for filling my teeth.牙医寄来了给我补牙的账单。He presented the prizes.他颁发了奖品。单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明 单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明 及物动词 vt.上演;演出 to put before the public They presented 15 lively songs,dances and ballads.他们演出了十五个生动的歌舞曲艺
22、节目。及物动词 vt.呈现;有 to show;to have The teacher presented a neat appearance.那个老师仪表堂堂。及物动词 vt.提出考虑 to offer;to bring up for consideration May I present a suggestion?我可以提个建议吗?二语法:如今完成进展时:1.表示动作从过去某一时间是开场一直延续到如今,如今这个动作可能已经终止,也可能仍然在进展着。He has been doing his homework all this morning.常与表示一段时间是的状语,如:all this
23、time,this week,this month,all night,for ,all the morning,since 2.表示一直到说话时为止的一段时间是内一再重复的动作。I have been meeting her at the library.单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明 单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明 如今完成时的一般式与进展式的比拟 1在表达一个在过去开场而如今仍在继续或者刚刚完毕的动作时,某些动词既可以用如今完成时,也可以用如今完成进展时。这样的动词有 expect,hop
24、e,learn,lie,live,look,rain,sleep,sit,snow,stand,stay,study,teach,wait,want,work 等:How long have you learnt English?你学习英语多久了?How long have you been learning English?译文同上。He has slept for ten hours.他已经睡了十个小时了。He has been sleeping for ten hours.译文同上。It has snowed for a long time.雪下了好长时间是了。It has been s
25、nowing for a long time.译文同上。没有进展式的动词不可能有这样的用法,即如今完成进展时不能代替以下例句中的如今完成时:Theyve always had a big garden.他们一直有一座大花园。How long have you known that?你知道这事多久了?单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明 单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明 Hes been in hospital since his accident.他从发惹事故之后,一直在里。注意:如今完成进展时可以和时
26、间是短语连用,也可以不连用,这一点就有别于如今完成时,因为后者与像 for six days,since June,never 等一些时间是短语连用才能表示这类动作。不用这些时间是状语时,如今完成时指的是完成了的一个动作。2用如今完成时表示的反复的动作,有时可以作为连续的动作用如今完成进展时表示:Ive written six letters since breakfast.早饭后我已经写了六封信。Ive been writing letters since breakfast.早饭后我一直在写信。I have knocked five times.I dont think anyones i
27、n.我敲了五次门。我想屋里没有人。Ive been knocking.I dont think anybodys in.我一直在敲门。我想屋里没有人。注意:如今完成进展时表示一种看来似乎是不连续的动作,所以提到做一件事的次数或者一一共做了多少事情时,不能用如今完成进展时。3用如今完成时表达的单一动作和用如今完成进展时表达的动作是有区别的:aIve polished the car.我擦了车。意指这件事已经完毕了。bIve been polishing the car.单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明 单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年
28、 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明 我在擦车来着。意指过去一小时我就是这样度过的,而不一定指动作已完毕。注意:用如今完成进展时表示单一动作时,这一动作持续到说话的时间是或者者接近这一时间是为止:Hes been taking photos.他一直在拍照。他大概手里正拿着照相机。He has taken photos.他拍过相片。这件事可能是也可能不是最近发生的。三重点词语辨析:daily;everyday;every day daily 用作名词意为“日报如:China Daily?中国日报?用作形容词,意同 everyday;用作副词意同 everyday。everyday 意为“每日的、日
29、常的,在句中作定语。everyday Englishdaily English 日常英语;everyday lifedaily life 日常生活。every day分开写意为“每天,在句中作状语。如:He comes here every day.He comes here daily.他每天来这儿。damage;destroy;ruin 这三个词都有“破坏;损坏的意思,区别如下:damage 意为“损坏、破坏。它可用于表示损坏或者破坏详细的物品,一般暗示损坏后价值或者效益会降低,这种损坏是局部性的,通常指损坏的程度不那么严重,还可以修复再用。也可用于表示损坏抽象的东西,有时该词也用于借喻。
30、如:The car was not damaged badly in the accident,but five people were seriously 单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明 单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明 hurt.汽车在事故中损坏不严重,但却有五个人受了重伤。Her heart was slightly damaged as a result of her long illness.长期生病使她的心脏受到轻度损伤。What they said and did damaged t
31、he relations between the two countries.他们的言行损害了这两个国家之间的关系。Smoking has damaged his health badly.吸烟严重地损害了他的安康。damage 还可用作可数或者不可数名词。如:The earthquake did a lot of damages to the city.这场地震给这座城带来了宏大的破坏。destroy 意为“破坏;摧毁;消灭;消灭,通常指程度非常严重的“毁坏,一般情况下不可以修复再用。另外,它既可表示毁坏详细的物品,也可表示毁坏抽象的东西。如:The big fire destroyed t
32、he whole house.这场大火把整座房子都烧毁了。The Nazi wanted to destroy peoples hopes,but in the end what was destroyed was the Nazis dream by the power of people.纳粹想摧毁人民的希望,最终是纳粹的梦想被人民的力量所摧毁。ruin 多用于借喻之中,有时泛指一般性的破坏,指把某物损坏到了不能再使用的程度。如:My new coat is ruined.我的外套不能再穿了。The rain will ruin the crops.这雨会把庄稼毁掉的。I was ruin
33、ed by that law case;Im a ruined man 我被那场官司毁了,我破产了。单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明 单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明【典型例题】1.Why?Tom,your shirt is so dirty!Mum,I my storeroom downstairs。A.cleaned B.have worked C.was cleaning D.have been cleaning 2.Good heavens!There you are!Weanxious a
34、bout you,and we you back throughout the night.A.are;expect B.were;had expected C.have been;were expecting D.are;were expecting 3.John and Ifriends for eight years.We first got to know each other at a Christmas party.But we each other a couple of times before that.A.had been;have met B.have been;have
35、 met C.had been;had met D.have been;had met 4.They _ on the program for almost one week before I joined them,and now we _ it as no good results have come out so far.(05 卷)A.had been working;are still working B.had worked;were still working C.have been working;have worked D.have worked;are still work
36、ing 答案:14 DCDA 单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明 单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明【模拟试题】答题时间是:20 分钟 一 In the United States,when one becomes rich,he wants people to know it.And even if he does not become very rich,he wants people to think that he is.That is what keeping up with the Jone
37、ses is about,It is the story of someone who tried to look as rich as his neighbours.The expression was first used in 1913 by a young American called Arthur Momand.He told this story about himself.He began earning$125 a week at the age of 23.That was a lot of money in those days.He got married and mo
38、ved with his wife to a very wealthy neighbourhood outside New York City.When he saw that rich people rode horses,Momand went horseback riding every day.When he saw that rich people had servants.Momand and his wife also hired a servant and gave big parties for their new neighbours.It was like a race,
39、but one could never finish this race because one was always trying to keep up.The race ended for Momand and his wife when they could no longer pay for their new way of life.They moved back to an apartment公寓房间in New York City.Momand looked around him and noticed that many people do things just to kee
40、p up with rich life-style of their neighbours.He saw the funny side of it and started to write a series 系列 of short stories,He called it Keeping up with the Joneses because Jones is a very common name in the United States.Keeping up with the Joneses came to mean keeping up with rich lifestyle of the
41、 people around you.单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明 单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明 Momands series appeared in different newspapers across the country for over 28 years.People never seem to get tired of keeping up with the Joneses.And there are Jonses in every city of the world.But
42、one must get tired of trying to keep up with the Joneses because no matter what one does,Mr.Jones always seems to be ahead.1.Some people want to keep up with the Joneses because they _.A.want to be as rich as their neighbours B.want others to know or to think that they are rich C.dont want others to
43、 know they are rich D.want to be happy 2.It can be inferred from the story that rich people like to _.A.live outside New York City B.live in New York City C.live in apartments D.have many neighbours 3.The underlined word neighbourhood in the second paragraph means _.A.a person who lives near another
44、 B.people living in an area C.an area near the place referred to D.an area in another town or city 4.Arthur Momand used the name Jones in his series of short stories because Jones is _.A.an important name B.a popular name in the United States C.his neighbours name D.not a good name 5.According to th
45、e writer,it is to keep up with the Joneses.A.correct B.interesting C.impossible D.good 单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明 单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明 二 Precipitation,commonly referred to as rainfall降雨量,is a measure of the quantity of water in the form of either rain,hall雹子,or snow
46、 which reaches the ground,The average annual每年的 precipitation over the whole of the United States is thirty-six inches.It should be understood,however,that a foot of snow is not equal to a foot of precipitation.A general formula公式 for computing the precipitation of snowfall降雪量is that thirtyeight inc
47、hes of snow is equal to one inch of precipitation.In New York State,for example,seventy-six inches of snow in one year would be recorded as only two inches of precipitation.The total annual precipitation Forty inches of rain would be recorded as forty inches of precipitation.The total annual precipi
48、tation would be recorded as forty-two inches.1.The word“precipitation includes _.A.only rainfall B.rain,hail,and snow C.rain,snow,and fog D.rain,snow,and ice 2.What is the average annual rainfall in inches in the United States?A.Thirty-six inches B.Thirty-eight inches C.Forty inches D.Forty-two inch
49、es 3.If a state has 152 inches of snow in a year.by how much does this increase the annual precipitation?A.By two feet B.By four inches C.By four feet D.By 152 inches 4.Another word which is often used in place of precipitation is _.单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明 单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明 A.wetness B.snowfall C.rainfall D.dryness 单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明 单位:乙州丁厂七市润芝学校 时间:2022 年 4 月 12 日 创编者:阳芡明 试题答案 一 1.B 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.C 二 1.B 2.A 3.B 4.C