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1、2021 届东莞市横沥中学高三英语第三次联考试题及参考答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Best Online Bachelors Programs An online college degree may appeal to those who want to take lasses while working full time.Choosing where to sign up online will likely be challenging,bu
2、t below youll find advice and other resources to make your search easier.ArizonaStateUniversity ASU relies upon cutting-edge technology and world-class educators to offer degree programs that fit into any lifestyle.Its courses employ advanced technology,such as our virtual labs,adaptive learning and
3、 virtual community,to provide real-world experiences to prepare graduates for their chosen industry.ADMISSION:15,321 TUITION:S413 UniversityofIllinois UI is a top-ranked,diverse research institution and an approved SARA institution.For UTs degree completion programs,students transfer with an associa
4、te degree or 57-60 credits.All of the online classes arc recorded so students can access lecture material at their convenience.ADMISSION:385 TUITION:S462 UniversityofFlorida UF Online is a fully-online degree pathway giving students access to the same teachers in UF.Courses arc designed and taught b
5、y UFs well-known teachers.Students feel connected,frequently communicating with teachers and their fellow students.ADMISSION:3,340 TUITION:$500 OhioStateUniversity The courses of OSU online bachelors programs are all related to health science.The online programs are flexible providing students with
6、the knowledge to enter professional medical practice or prepare them for more advanced roles in their fields.ADMISSION:542 TUITION:5642 1.Whats special aboutArizonaStateUniversity?A.It is an approved SARA institution.B.It provides the most expensive programs.C.It offers some technology-assisted cour
7、ses.D.It admits fewer students than other universities.2.Which universitys,online programs favor medical students?A.ArizonaStateUniversity.B.UniversityofIllinois.C.UniversityofFlorida.D.OhioStateUniversity.3.Whats the purpose of this passage?A.To advertise free online programs.B.To call on people to
8、 sign up online.C.To introduce some best online programs.D.To provide access to the best universities.B When Jennifer Doudna was in sixth grade,she came home one day to find that her dad had lefta book titled The Double Helix on her bed.She put it aside,thinking it was one of those detective tales s
9、he loved.On a rainy Saturday,she picked up the book.As she sped through the pages,she became fascinated by the drama,which encouraged her to explore natures wonders.Even though her high school teacher told her that girls didnt become scientists,she decided she would.She worked with a biologist,Charp
10、entier,to turn a curiosity of nature into an inventionan easy-to-use tool that can edit DNA.Known as Crispr,the tool will transform the human race.James Watson,the author of The Double Helix,later told her it was the most important biological advance:since he and Francis Crick discovered the structu
11、re of DNA.For this achievement,Doudna and Charpentier were awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2020.Until now,only five women,beginning with Marie Curie in 1911,had won or shared the Nobel for Chemistry out of 184 award winners.When this years prize was announced,Dr.Charpentier said it would pro
12、vide a message specifically to young girls who would like to follow the path of science and to show them that women can also be awarded prizes.A few decades from now,if it becomes possible and sate to edit DNA,should we allow parents to improve the IQ and physical strength of their kids?Should we le
13、t them decide eye color1?Skin color1?Height?After helping to discover Crispr,Dr.Doudna has become a leader in considering these moral issues.Thats the main message we should take from this Nobel:New technologies can be a huge benefit to the human race,but in order to make sure they are used wisely,i
14、ts important for people to understand them.4.Jennifer Doudna decided to become a scientist because,_ A.her father pushed her B.a book inspired her C.her teacher encouraged her D.James Watson motivated her 5.Dr.Doudna was awarded the Nobel Prize because,_.A.she wrote the book“The Double Helix B.she d
15、iscovered the structure of DNA C.she is a hardworking woman scientist D.she helped invent a tool for editing DNA 6.According to passage,which of the following is NOT true?A.The two womens success will inspire more girls to be devoted to science.B.Since 1911,there have been 184 people who won the Nob
16、el for chemistry.C.If girls follow the path of science,they will surely achieve their goals.D.Crispr will make a big difference to the human race.7.Which words can best describe Jennifer Doudna?A.Determined and responsible.B.Ambitious and humorous.C.Cruel and indifferent.D.Fearless and stubborn.C Ho
17、w much do consumers care about the carbon footprint of the products they buy?Would they care more if the goods were labeled with emissions（排放物）data?Does it matter at which stage in the lifecycle of a product the carbon is emitted?Research published in the International Journal of Environmental Polic
18、y and Decision Making offers a way to find out Study participants view a carbon footprint label as similar to labels that have appeared on some existing productsThe label shows the carbon dioxide emissions connected with their production,transportation,usage and disposal（清理）,thus showing the buyer t
19、he likely effect on climate change of buying a particular product In the first group of studies,the research team proved that carbon emissions and a carbon emissions label would indeed play a role in consumer product decisions,although not as great a role as priceIn a second set of studies,the team
20、found that emissions connected with usage were most important to consumers followed by the transportation and disposal stagesThe carbon footprint of the producing process was considered less important to consumers than the other stages in the products lifecycle because it is outside the consumers co
21、ntrolThat is,the participants felt they were less responsible for carbon emitted during producing processConsumers value recycling a product,but the researchers found that,overall,the consumers would preferproducers to offset（补偿）carbon emissions rather than having toaddressthe problem directly thems
22、elves Consumers are increasingly concerned with climate change problems,and already carbon labeling is appearing on some productsWe find that participantsnot only take the carbon label into account when making product decisions,but they want detailed information on the label,the researchers explainT
23、hey suggest that companies should prepare for how carbon emissions labels might affect future consumer choice 8.Which of the following most affects consumers choice?A.Labels B.Price C Packaging D.Carbon footprint 9.About the carbon dioxide emissions in the products lifecycle,which stage do consumers
24、 care most?A.Usage stage B.Transportation stage C.Disposal stage D.Producing stage 10.Which of the following can best replace the underlined word address?A.Look into B.Point out C.Deal with D.Run into 11.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A.Companies should take carbonemissions more seriou
25、sly B.All products have been labeled with carbon emissions data C.Producers will attach less importance to carbon emissions labels D.Products labeled with carbon emissions data will have poor sales D The mass death of flying foxes in extreme heat in North Queensland last month underlines the importa
26、nce ofUniversityofQueenslandwildliferesearch released today.The UQ research sheds light on how various species have responded to major climate events.A study led by UQ School of Earth and Environmental Science researcher Dr Sean Maxwell has spent more than 70 years quantifying the responses of vario
27、us species.“The growing frequency and intensity of extreme weather events such as cyclones,droughts and floods is causing unpredictable and immediate changes to ecosystems and blocking existing management efforts,”Dr Maxwell said.“Some of the negative responses we found were quite concerning,includi
28、ng more than 100 cases of dramatic population declines and 31 cases of local population extinction following an extreme event.”Populations of critically endangered bird species inHawaii,such as the palia,have been annihilated due to drought,leaving none of its kind,and populations of lizard species
29、have been wiped out due to cyclones in theBahamas.Cyclones were the most common extreme event for birds,fish,plants and reptiles,while mammals and amphibians were most responsive to drought events,with drought leading to 12 cases of major population decline in mammals.Drought also led to 13 cases of
30、 breeding declines in bird populations and 12 cases of changes in the composition of invertebrate communities.UQ Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science director Professor James Watson said the detailed information would help inform ecosystem management.“The research clearly shows species w
31、ill respond,often negatively,to extreme events,”Professor Watson said.“As climate change continues to ensure extreme climate and weather events are more and more common,we now need to act to ensure species have the best chance to survive.Wherever possible,high quality and intact habitat areas should
32、 be retained,as these are the places where species are most resilient(易恢复的)to increasing exposure to extreme events.”12.How was the UQ researchconducted?A.By observing extreme weather events.B.By protecting the endangered species.C.By recording reactions of animals to extreme climate.D.By analyzing
33、the reason whymass animal death happened.13.What does the underlined word“annihilated”in paragraph 4 probably mean?A.destroyed B.defeated C.decreased D.disappeared 14.Which of the following sentences is true about extreme weather events?A.Drought caused 13 cases of distinctionin bird populations.B.D
34、rought caused 12 cases of population decline in mammals.C.Birds and mammals are most responsive to cyclones.D.Cyclones wiped out populations of lizard.15.What can we infer from Professor Watsons words?A.Animals often show negative responses to extreme events.B.The existing management ways for wildli
35、fe protection are limited.C.Different methods should be adopted to ensure the survival of different species.D.Complete and undamaged habitats are of great importance to species survival.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 More than two million students are graduating
36、 from high school this summer,many of whom will head to university in the fall.The transition from highschool to college is a major one,and successful adjustment to college has lifelong influences.Maybe you are about to make this transition yourself or have children who are about to leave the nest._
37、16_If you know someone who is making this transition or know parents guiding their soon-to-be adult kids through this time,please take a moment to share this collection of research-based tips with them._17_Even during orientation!Almost everyone is in the same boat as you are,hoping to make friends
38、quickly.Your success in college depends,in part,on surrounding yourself with others who can support you and help you have fun.Dont be afraid to talk to your professors or teaching assistants.Successful adjustment is about reaching out for help when you need it.This means trying to find the answers o
39、n your own first,but then contacting those who can help you when you cant._18_ Lean on your family.Family support can give you comfort when classes are hard or you are stressed about finals._19_Strong support from family is linked to lower loneliness and depression during the first year of college a
40、nd higher academic adjustment including motivation and concentration.Be confident.Feeling anxiety about communicating with fellows,professors,and speaking up in class is associated with lower adaptation during the transition to college._20_The more you speak up in class,the easier it becomes.A.That
41、is what they are there for!B.This list is exactly what you need.C.Joining clubs is also linked to feelings of belonging at college.D.Be open to making new friends as soon as you set foot on campus.E.Family members can give you advice and help you solve problems if you need help.F.One of the best way
42、s to increase your communication confidence is to practice!G.Your professors and teaching assistants want to see you succeed in their classes.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 While we all hear that this or that is badfor us,and the conflic
43、ting information can be frustrating（令人沮丧的）to say the least,there is one thing that doctors and experts_21_warn us about,and that is the use of_22_containers.We all want to do what is best for our_23_.However,it can be hard to_24_all the newest information and warnings.While plastic containers can be
44、 great for_25_food,doctors say that we should find a much better way to keep it.New research tells us that we should never_26_plastic containers to put hot food in,or to heat up food in.If youve ever heard about BPA（双酚 A）,youve probably heard that it can be_27_.It is put in the plastic in containers
45、 to harden them,but is known to be_28_to our health.The problem with BPA is that it can change the timing of puberty（发育期），increase body fat,and_29_the immune and nervous systems.Phthalates（塑化剂）are just as bad for your body and are also_30_in plastic.They are used to make plastic more flexible and ca
46、n_31_cardiovascular（心血管的）disease.We used to think that BPA was_32_released（释放）into our food when we_33_our food in these plastic containers in the microwave,but studies show there are more_34_of these chemicals than we think.Studies have also shown that putting these plastic containers inthe dishwas
47、her can also release these_35_which means theyre not even_36_after you wash them.So what are we supposed to do?Experts_37_buying glass containers.These wont have the chemical issues that plastic containers do,and_38_with enough of us buying them,producers will_39_the price of glass containers,so mor
48、e and more people can afford to buy them._40_this story with your family and friends so that they can be sure to keep their families safe too!21.A.privately B.consistently C.recently D.apparently 22.A.recycled B.locked C.plastic D.handy 23.A.research B.health C.children D.customers 24.A.keep up with
49、 B.put up with C.look forward to D.look back on 25.A.preparing B.serving C.ordering D.storing 26.A.take over B.rely on C.care about D.shut up 27.A.poisonous B.addictive C.different D.cheap 28.A.relevant B.useful C.harmful D.important 29.A.affect B.reflect C.control D.support 30.A.increased B.cleaned
50、 C.predicted D.found 31.A.respond to B.contribute to C.fight against D.mix with 32.A.even B.still C.already D.only 33.A.cooked B.preserved C.produced D.harvested 34.A.wastes B.examples C.dangers D.changes 35.A.details B.chemicals C.data D.gases 36.A.special B.convenient C.effective D.safe 37.A.recom