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1、2021 届东营区牛庄镇中心初中高三英语上学期期中试题及答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A If you had the opportunity to live forever,would you take it?Keeping your body alive indefinitely still seems like an impossibility,but some scientists think that digital technology may
2、 have the answer:creating a digital copy of your“self”and keeping it“alive”online long after your physical body has ceased to function.In effect,the proposal is to clone a person electronically.Unlike the familiar physical clones children that have identical features as their parents,but that are co
3、mpletely separate organisms with a separate life your electronic clone would believe itself to be you.How might this be possible?The first step would be to mapthe brain.How?One plan relies on the development of nanotechnology(纳米技术).Ray Kurzweil one of the kings of artificial intelligence predicts th
4、at within two or three decades we will have nano transmitters that can be put into the bloodstream.Inthe capillaries(毛细血管)of the brain,they would line up alongside the neurons and detect the details of the cerebral(大脑的)electronic activity.They would be able to send that information to a receiver ins
5、ide a special helmet,so there would be no need for any wires sticking out of the head.As a further step,Ray Kurzweil also imagines the nano transmitters being able to connect you to a world of virtual reality on the Internet,similar to what was shown in the film“Matrix”.With the nano transmitters in
6、 place,by thought alone,you could log on to the Internet and instead of the pictures coming up on your screen,they would play inside your mind.Rather than send your friends e-mails you would agree to meet up on some virtual tropical beach.Some peoplebelieve that they can enjoy life after death.But w
7、hy wait for that when you could have a shot of nanobots(纳米机器人)and upload your brain onto the Internet and live forever as a virtual surfer?One snag:to exist on the net you will have to have your neural network parked on the computer of a web-hosting company.These companies want real money in real ba
8、nk accounts every year or they will wipe your bit of the hard disc and sell the space to someone else.With your body six feet underground how will you pay?1.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A.Nano transmitters can help map the human brain.B.Electronic clones recreat
9、e the original human body.C.Electronic clones may put their physical selves into movies.D.Nano transmitters use a helmet to detect the cerebral activities.2.What is the authors attitude towards electronic clones?A.Optimistic and careful.B.Interested and unconvinced.C.Excited and confused.D.Assured a
10、nd critical.3.The author asks“how will you pay?”at the end of the article,because _.A.you cant pay to exist on the Internet if you are physically dead B.you cant pay for hard disc space if you dont have a bank account C.you cant pay for a special service if too many people want to use it D.you cant
11、pay the web-hosting company if you dont have a neural network B Sonoma County is adding artificial intelligence to its wildfire fighting.The county has entered into an agreement with the South Korean firm Alchera to equip its network of fire-spotting cameras with software that detects wildfire activ
12、ity and then issues a warning to authorities.The technology examines past and current images of terrain(地形;地势)and searches for certain changes,such as flames burning in darkness,said Chris Godley,the countys director of emergency management.But emergency workers will first have to“teach”the system t
13、o distinguish between images that show fire smoke,and others that might show clouds,fog etc.The software will use feedback from humans to improve its algorithm(算法)and will eventually be able to detect fires on its own or at least thats what county officials hope.“Its kind of like learning how to rea
14、d,”Godley said.“What letters can I put together to make up a word?”The county activated the technology Wednesday and received 16 positive reports of smoke all of which turned out to be permitted burns,he said.Once a seasonal ban on controlled burns goes into effect in April or May,the county plans t
15、o speed up the testing and feedback phase.The hope is that by November,the system will no longer need to be taught and can start providing reliable intelligence.Godley said.“Its going to take us a while to make sure weget the bugs outand that we really can depend on it because ultimately this is a l
16、ifesaving mission.”The technology is intended to help officials investigate potential fire starts earlier so they can get personnel out to them more quickly and issue necessary warnings.Officials expect other places will adopt it if the technology is successful,particularly because it plugs into the
17、 camera network thats already in place statewide.“We ultimately believe its potential could be realized in a year or two,”Godley said.“And it could really have a dramatic impact here in California.”4.What does the system first have to do before being put into work?A.Equip its network of fire-spottin
18、g cameras with software.B.Learn to tell between images of fire smoke and other pictures.C.Use feedbacks to improve its ability to detect fire independently.D.Examine images of the terrain and search for any possible changes.5.What do local officials expect the technology to accomplish?A.Be able to m
19、ake positive reports of smoke.B.Be able to control seasonal burns in the area.C.Help them spot potential fire starts as soon as possible.D.Learn how to distinguish pictures of flames from clouds.6.What does the underlined part in paragraph 3 mean?A.kill all the bugs.B.get rid of mistakes C.provide r
20、eliable information D.speed up testing process 7.What does the author mainly intend to tell us?A.AI is creating a dramatic impact in California.B.AI is applied to monitor terrains in California.C.A new tool to help detect wildfire in California.D.A new way to put an end to wildfire in California.C T
21、he Nez Perce Indians are a tribe that lived in the Pacific Northwest of theUnited States.At the time of the Lewis and Clark expedition(探险队),which was one of the first journeys by Americans from the Atlantic coast to the Pacific coast and back again,the Nez Perce territory(领土)covered about 17 million
22、 acres,covering parts of Washington,Oregon,and Idaho.Butthat was a brief sweet history.In September 1805,when Lewis and Clark came off theRockieson their westward journey,the entire exploring party was hungry and ill-too weak to defend themselves.Had the Nez Perce chosen to attack them,they could ha
23、ve put an end to the Lewis and Clark expedition there on the banks ofClearwater River.Instead the Nez Perce welcomed the white Americans and looked after them until they made a full recovery.Thus began a long friendship between the Nez Perce and white Americans.But white mens greed for land and gold
24、 finally broke the friendship.In 1855 Governor Isaac Stevens ofWashingtonTerritoryinvited the Nez Perce to a peace conference.He said there were a great many white people in the country,and many more would come.But the Chief of the tribe at that time,Old Joseph,replied,“Take away your paper.I will n
25、ot touch it with my hand.”Things were quiet for a while after that,but not for long.When Old Joseph died,the chiefship was passed onto Young Joseph.In the late 1870s,government officials came to order the Nez Perce to leave theWallowaValleyand then began hard battles between the Nez Perce and the wh
26、ite soldiers.After the tribe had fought thirteen battles and moved 1,600 miles to-wards Canada in an attempt to retreat(撤退)north,Young Joseph,gave in to the United States Army.Here was his famous statement,“Hear me my chiefs.I am tired;my heart is sick and sad.From where the sun now stands I will fi
27、ght no more forever.”In 1885,Chief Joseph was sent along with manyof his band to the Colville Reservation inWashingtonwhere Joseph continued to lead his band for another 25 years,at times coming into conflict with the leaders of 11 other tribes living on the reservation.(保留地，居留地)8.What isTRUEabout t
28、he Lewis andClark expedition?A.They were well cared for by the Nez Perce.B.They ended their expedition on the banks ofClearwater River.C.They started the first battle with the Nez Perce.D.They were the first Americans to travel from theAtlanticto the Pacific.9.What ended the friendship between the N
29、ez Perce and the Whites?A.Old Josephs proud manner B.White mens increasing demand for land and gold C.A growing number of white men in the land D The breakdown of the peace talk 10.Young Joseph gave in at last because _.A.he grew older B.he was terribly ill C.he hated the war D.he lost other chiefs
30、support 11.The passage might be followed by a paragraph about _.A.the customs and traditions of the Nez Perce Indians B.the last years of Chief Joseph in the Colville Reservation C.lasting fights between the Nez Perce and the whites D.constant conflicts between the Nez Perce and other tribes D In or
31、der to develop the pandemic-stricken economy,China recovered the street vendors（商贩）in a new nation-wide method known as“street stall economy,allowing residents to set up open-air shops on the sidewalks or other available public spaces.Street vendors were once an important part ofChinas economy and u
32、rban landscape.However,sinceChinas economy took off in the last decade,street vendors have gradually disappeared from the streets and many of them opened shops of their own.Fast forward to today,street vendors have come into our sight again after cities such asChengduand Yantai succeeded in creating
33、 hundreds of thousands of jobs by giving street stalls permission to operate.Chinas tech industry was quick to jump on the street vendor trend,with tech giants including Alibaba,Tencent,Meituan and JD.com flocking todish outcheap loans,offer support and payment solutions to millions of owners of new
34、ly established small businesses.Ant Financial,Alibabas fintech arm,promised its mobile wallet app Alipay will give interest-free loans to 30 million vendors,and 70 billion RMB of interest-free credit line to consumers to make purchases everywhere,including street vendors.JD.com provided 50 billion R
35、MB worth of quality goods for street vendors,and provided each one of them with a maximum 100,000 RMB interest-free loan to stock up.Tencents WeChat announced to offer payment solutions,marketing supports and even training for up to 50 million street vendors,with the end goal of digitally transformi
36、ng them to increase their income.Guangzhoucity partnered with WeChat this month to hold a live streaming shopping festival to improve sales of local produce.In attempts to promote various live streaming platforms,many tech CEOs also made their own live streamed e-commerce debuts（首次亮相）selling goods c
37、oming from all over the country.12.What does the underlined part“dish out in Paragraph 3 mean?A.turn down.B.provide with.C.pay off.D.apply for.13.Compared with JD.com and Tencent,what unique measure did Ant Financial take?A.It provides interest-free loans for vendors.B.It offers interest-free credit
38、 line to customers.C.It provides quality goods for street vendors.D.It offers marketing support to businessmen.14.Whats the purpose of the cooperation between WeChat andGuangzhoucity?A.To volunteer to train street vendors.B.To give away free goods to the poor.C.To promote to develop the local econom
39、y.D.To help CEOs make their own streaming platforms.15.What can be the best title for the text?A.Chengdu and Yantai Succeeded in Creating Job Opportunities B.Street Vendor Economy”Greatly Increases Peoples Income C.The Whole Nation Are Involved in a New Economy Model D.Chinas Major Tech Companies Ar
40、e Helping With Street Vendor Economy”第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 A 24-year-old female space commander(指挥员)Zhou Chengyu has been a heated topic on Weibo since Chinese state media highlighted her as one of the women involved in the successful launch of the Chan
41、ge-5 lunar probe(月球探测器)on 23 November.Social media users have been referring to her as a source of pride for the country._16_Several people jokingly reflected on their own achievements,commenting how far behind in life they were in comparison.Starting in 2004,the Change Programme consists of three s
42、tages of orbiting,landing and returning._17_In December 2013,the goal of Chinas first soft landing on the lunar surface and ground exploration on the Moon was achieved by the lander and Yutu Lunar Rover of Change-3.Last year,Change-4 probe made the first-ever soft landing on the far side of the moon
43、.The Change-5 mission is Chinas third successful Moon landing in seven years._18_If successful,China would be the third country to bring lunar samples back to Earth after the United States and the Soviet Union.Most Chinese know the story of the mythological Change,the Chinese goddess of the moon.Peo
44、ple cant hear the word Change without picturing romantic images of a moon goddess._19_And so pictures of Zhou Chengyu have been all over state media,with comments about how she is a front-line soldier in the field of aerospace and a big sister that young Chinese can look up to.However,the huge amoun
45、t of interest in the Guizhou Province native has not appeared to have had much of an effect on her._20_ A.Her story in particular has inspired the public,considering her young age.B.She refused repeated requests for interviews in order to focus on her work.C.However,China has been trying to highligh
46、t strong female figures in the country.D.Despite her young age,Zhou is now workingat Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site.E.Its aim is to gather lunar rocks and soil to help scientists learn more about the moon.F.For this reason,Chinas mission to the moon was calling out for a strong female figure(女性形象).
47、G.China completed the orbiting phase by launching Change-1 and Change-2 lunar probes in 2007 and 2010.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 I used to be a very self-centered person,but in the past two years Ihave really changed.I have started t
48、o think about other people_21_I think about myself.I am happy that I am becoming a_22_person:I think my_23_started when I was atPalomarCollege.At first,I just wanted to get my_24_,and be left alone.I thought I was smarter than everyone else,so I hardly ever_25_to anyone in my classes.By the end of m
49、y first semester,I was really_26_.It seemed as if everyone but me had made friends and was having fun.So I tried a(n)_27_.I started asking people around me how they were doing,and if they were having trouble I_28_to help.That was really a big_29_for me.By the end of the year,I had several new friend
50、s,and two of_30_are still my best friends today.A bigger cause of my new_31_,however,came when I took a part-time job at a Vista Nursing Home.One old lady there who had Alzheimer s disease became my_32_.Every time I came into her room,she was so_33_because she thought I was her daughter.Her real dau