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1、定语从句 1.Nowadays,villagers are proud of their culture and are actively protecting it,_in turn improves the local tourism.A.that B.which C.where D.what【答案解析】B【详解】考查定语从句。句意：现在，村民对他们的文化感到自豪，并且积极的保护它，这转而促进了当地的旅游业。分析句子可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的整个句子，关系词代替它在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词 which，故选 B 项。2.Henry hopes to find a jo
2、b upon graduation_his management skills can be put to good use.A.that B.Which C.how D.where【答案解析】D【详解】考查定语从句。句意：Henry 希望一毕业就能找到一份能很好应用他的管理技能的工作。定语从句中不缺少主语、宾语和表语，且先行词为 job 是抽象地点，故选 D。3.The beautiful dress _ Miss Jones went to the ball was borrowed from a friend of hers.A.that B.which C.in which D.wea
3、ring which【答案解析】C【详解】考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：Jones 小姐去参加晚会穿的裙子是从她朋友那里借来的。句中先行词是 dress，空后定语从句起到修饰限定作用，补全定语从句为 Miss Jones went to the ball in the dress，可知先行词在从句中作 in 的宾语，因此使用 in which 引导定语从句。故选 C 项。4.The students in Shanghai are using the same textbooks _ we are now using.A.as B.that C.which D.whose【答案解析】A【详解】
4、考查定语从句关系代词。句意：上海的学生使用的教科书和我们现在使用的一样。分析句子结构可知，“we are now using”在句中作定语，修饰名词 textbooks，先行词 textbooks在定语从句中作宾语，textbooks 前由 the same 修饰，需用关系代词 as。故选 A。5.Last week,only two people came to look at the house,_ wanted to buy it.A.neither of them B.both of them C.none of whom D.neither of whom【答案解析】D【详解】考查代
5、词和定语从句。句意：上周，只有两个人来看这所房子，他们都不想买。分析句子，前句提到“two people”表示两个人，故排除 C 项，none 指三者或者三者以上都不。划线前的“逗号”不可同时放下两个简单句。故排除 A 和 B 项。再根据定语从句引导词作用之一，连接主从句。且此处表示两者都不。先行词为 two people，作 of 的宾语。关系代词为 whom。故选 D 项。6.Companies should understand the risks _ they are exposed and monitor their control environments adequately.A
6、.on which B.in which C.to which D.with which【答案解析】C【详解】考查定语从句。句意：公司应该了解他们所面临的风险，并充分监控他们的控制环境。分析句子，此处考查介词+关系代词引导定语从句时，介词的选择。从句中的动词 expose译为“使曝光”，根据句意译为“暴露于”为 exposeto，是固定搭配。to 可提至关系代词which 前。故选 C 项。7.Liberty,equality,and fraternity are the ideals _ human beings have been fighting.A.to which B.against
7、 which C.with which D.for which【答案解析】D【详解】考查定语从句。句意：自由、平等、博爱是人类一直为之奋斗的理想。分析句子，此处考查介词加关系代词时，介词的选择。从句 fight 译为“奋斗”，根据句意译为“为奋斗”为 fight for，是固定搭配。for 可提至关系代词 which 前。故选 D 项。8.After the flooding,people were suffering in that area,_ urgently needed clean water,medicine and shelter to survive.A.which B.who
8、 C.where D.what【答案解析】B【详解】考查定语从句。句意：洪灾过后，那个地区的人们正在受苦，为了生存，他们急需干净的水、药品和住所。将先行词 people 代入定语从句后为：people urgently needed clean water，medicine and shelter to survive，可知先行词在从句中作主语，所以排除 C 项；what不能引导定语从句，故排除 D 项；因为先行词为“人”，所以排除 A 项。故答案为 B 项。9.Ill never forget the persons and places _ I visited yesterday.A.th
9、at B.which C.where D.as【答案解析】A【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我将永远不会忘记我昨天去拜访的人和参观的地方。分析句子可知，此处是定语从句关系词，先行词 the persons and places 在从句中充当宾语，应用关系代词，又先行词有人又有物，应用关系代词 that，故选 A 项。【点睛】本题考查定语从句关系代词。确定定语从句关系代词一般分为三步：找出先行词；分析先行词在从句中充当什么成分；考虑特殊情况。以本题为例：1.找出先行词：the persons and places 2.分析先行词在从句中充当的成分：先行词 the persons and places
10、 在从句_ I visited yesterday.中充当宾语，应用关系代词 3.考虑特殊情况：先行词有人有物时应用关系代词 that 故选 A 项。10.He worked hard at school,_ leads to his success in his later life.A.where B.which C.that D.when【答案解析】B【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他在学校努力学习，这使他在以后的生活中取得了成功。A.where 哪里；B.which 哪一个；C.that 无实意；D.when 当时候。此处是非限定性定语从句，关系词在从句中做主语，指代前面整句话的内容，应使
11、用关系代词 which 引导。故选 B。11.Its such a difficult problem _ nobody can work out.A.as B.that C.which D.so that【答案解析】A【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是一个没人可以算出来的困难问题。分析句子可知，此处是定语从句关系词，先行词为 problem，被 such 修饰，且在从句中充当宾语，应用关系代词as，故选 A 项。【点睛】本题考查定语从句关系代词。确定定语从句关系代词一般分为三步：找出先行词；分析先行词在从句中充当什么成分；考虑特殊情况。以本题为例：1.找出先行词：problem 2.分析先行词
12、在从句中充当的成分：先行词 problem 在从句_ nobody can work out.中充当宾语，应用关系代词 3.考虑特殊情况：先行词被 such 修饰，关系代词只能用 as 故选 A 项。12.Sales director is a position _ communication ability is just as important as sales.A.which B.that C.when D.where【答案解析】D【详解】考查定语从句。句意：销售总监是一个沟通能力和销售能力同样重要的职位。分析句子结构，_ communication ability is just a
13、s important as sales.是一个限定性定语从句，修饰先行词 a position，关系词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词 where。故选 D。13.I can never understand the reason _ he explained to me.A.why B.that C.when D.where【答案解析】B【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我不明白他向我解释的原因。分析句子可知，此处是定语从句关系词，先行词 reason 在从句中充当 explain 的宾语，应用关系代词 which/that，故选 B项。【点睛】本题考查定语从句关系代词。确定定语从句关系代词一般分
14、为三步：找出先行词；分析先行词在从句中充当什么成分；考虑特殊情况。以本题为例：1.找出先行词：reason 2.分析先行词在从句中充当的成分：先行词 reason 在从句_ he explained to me 中充当宾语，应用关系代词 which/that 3.考虑特殊情况：无 故选 B 项。14.He bought a new building _top is different from those of the others around.A.what B.which C.that D.whose【答案解析】D【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他买了一幢新楼，它的顶部和周围其他的不同。句中包
15、含定语从句，先行词是 building，_top is different from those of the others around 是定语从句，关系词在定语从句中作 top 的定语，指楼的顶部，用关系代词 whose 引导。故选 D。15.The other day,my brother drove his car down the street at _ was a dangerous speed.A.as B.what C.which D.that【答案解析】B【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：前几天，我哥哥在街上开车，以危险的速度行驶。分析句子结构，空后是介词 at 后的宾语从句；宾
16、语从句中缺少主语，且指物，因此用 what 引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语。故选 B 项。16.Although they are surrounded by reminders of the disaster,_ effect is damaging,they are working together to rebuild their homes and their lives.A.whose B.where C.which D.when【答案解析】A【详解】考查定语从句。句意：虽然他们周围都是灾难的提醒，其影响是破坏性的，但他们正在共同努力重建家园和生活。分析句子结构，_ effect is
17、 damaging 是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 the disaster，关系词在从句中作定语，用关系代词 whose 引导该从句。故选 A 项。17.I still remember the moment _ I first saw him after his operation.A.that B.when C.where D.as【答案解析】B【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我还记得他手术后第一次看到他的时刻。A.that 关系代词；B.when 关系副词；C.where 关系副词；D.as 随着、当时候。句中含有定语从句，先行词是 the moment 是物且表时间，在从句中做时间状
18、语，所以用关系副词 when。故选 B。【点睛】定语从句关系代词有 who，whom，that，which，whose，关系副词有 where（地点），when（时间），why（原因）。总体来说关系副词在定语从句中做状语，他们和关系代词主要的区别是 where，when，why介词+which 18.There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars_road conditions need_.A.that；to be improved B.which；to be improved C.where；improvin
19、g D.when；improving【答案解析】A【详解】考查定语从句和非谓语动词。句意：私家车的普及带来了一个新问题，即道路状况需要改善。因为“公路状况需要改善”，“need”后接“improving”或“to be improved”都可以。后面的从句应是“problem”的同位语，应用“that”引导。故选 A。19.The reason _ he was fired was _ he was often late with his work.A.which;that B.that;because C.why;because D.why;that【答案解析】D【详解】考查定语从句和表语从
20、句。句意：他被解雇的原因是他经常工作迟到。名词 reason 作先行词，在后面的定语从句中做原因状语，由 why 引导定语从句；名词 reason作主语，后面的表语从句句意和句子结构完整，所以由 that 引导表语从句。故选 D。【点睛】reason 理由（名词），reasonable 合情合理的（形容词）1.reason（1）the reason for sth./doing sth.为某事或做某事的理由。the reason for his being late他迟到的理由。（2）reason 理由（名词），在句中做主语，后面的表语从句用 that 引导。The reason was th
21、at he had little education.理由是他受教育少。（3）reason 理由（名词），作先行词，在定语从句中作原因状语时用 why 引导定语从句，比如：The reason why he was late for class was that his mother was ill.他上课迟到的理由是她的妈妈病了。reason 理由（名词），作先行词，在定语从句中作主语或宾语时用 that/which,比如：The reason that/which she gave me was that she had got up late.他给我的理由是他起床晚了。2.reasona
22、ble 合情合理的（形容词），连系动词后面作表语。What he said sounded reasonable.他说的话是合情合理的。20.Darwin,_ book On the Origin of Species probably ranks second only to the Bible,had great impact on Western thought.A.whos B.which C.for whom D.whose【答案解析】D【详解】考查定语从句。句意：达尔文的物种起源可能仅次于圣经，对西方思想产生了重大影响。此处 Darwin 是先行词，指人，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作定语，故选D。