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1、必修 5 Un 1 Geat etists eai JOHH SHOW FEAS“ING CHOLERA”oh Sno wa a aous dcor in London-so exper,ndeed,tha e ttde ueen Vctoia her eoa ysicn。t h became iired when he thout at helpig odiay el exposed to colera、Tis was the adly disease of is dy、eihr ts ase or t cre was undrstod。may touans of terrifie peop
2、le ed ey i hre as n utbreak、Jon Snow waned o ae the chllenge nd sove this problem。He ha cholr oul never be ontolled uil i cause was found、He bcame trestd two terie tht pssibly exlied how cholra killed ple。The st sggest a chor utiplied n the ar、A clud of agerous gas foat arod until it fond s victim、T
3、h secd uggested that peple asoe tis diseas into thi is wh hei mals。Frm te tomch the disae ikly attak the body an so the afcted erson did、Joh Sno ssced hat te cnd theoy wa orret but he needed evence。o when anthe outbreak h Lnd in 185,he was read to bgin his enqiy、As the dsese spread quicky hrouh poor
4、 neigboroods,he began to gate information、In o particular steets,te hoera outbreak as so ever th more han 500 peope died in n day、He wa detried to find out why、Firs he mared n a mp the exact places where al th ded peope had ve、Ti ae him a vlule e aout the cse f he ise、an of he ehs wee na the ate pum
5、p Brad Street(pecay nuber 6,7,38 nd 0)。e lo oced tat se hoss(such a 20 and 1 Bra Street nd and 9 mbridge Stret)had had no deaths、He ha not eseen tis,so he made uher nestgatins、He sovre tt tese people wore n the pub at 7 Cambrdg Steet。Tey ha bee ge fe ber an so had ot drunk th aer rom the pmp、t seeme
6、d tht te water wa t lame、Next,Jo Snw loked ito the sce o the water fr these o ste、e und h i came from th river pllutd b th diy watr from ondn、He immeditely tol te toihe people in a Strt to remve the hanle from th pump o that it coul not be usd、Soon fewads th isease slowed down、H had shon tat colra a
7、s sprea b germs and not n a clud o gas。n anote pat of Londn,e ound ppotng evidence frm oher deaths tat were linkd to h Broad Street outbreak、A wman,who had mov aa m road Stret,li the wtr from the up so mch a s hd it dlivere t er house evr ay。Bth he and her dauhter ied of colea aer drinkin the er。Wit
8、h s xtra eidene Jo Snw ws abl to anonce with ctainty that poluted water carried the vius。To pvent ths fom hping gan,John Snow suggested ha the surc o al the ater supples e xamined、e watr pnes wer nstruted not to xose eople to polle a an more、Fialy”King holera wa eatd。Usi Languae COPENC RVOLUTIONRY T
9、HRY Niclau pernicus wa frighteed an his mnd was confsed。Athogh he had tried o inor he,al hi mattical cacutions led o t same coclon:that the earth was no he ente of the olr system、Ony if you put the sn tere id the moveents of te oh planet in th ky ak sens。Yt he cud no tell ayone about his o a the owr
10、ful Chistin Chh wud hae unshe him ve uggsng ch n id。y believd God d ad t orld an fo tat o the eath wa special ms be e centre of h solar syste、he problem arose because astronoms had ntid tt sme plets i the sky eemed to sop,move akward and then go orward a lop、Other ppeared brighter at tie and les igh
11、t at others。This ws very trange if th eat as the nte of th solar syt and all ae went rud it、Cpernicus had ough long nd ad abu hese prolems and ried t id a anse、H ad coleced obsrvats o th tar and usd l his mhematica knoedge to ea them、Bu o his new theory cold do ha、So betee 10 ad 114 he orkd n it,gra
12、dually improving hi theo until h fet t was ee、1 he sowed t privately to hs res、Th chanes e mad o e od theoy re rvlutonr、He paced fixe un t te o th sol system with the panets going rnd it ol he moon stil gin round he earh、He also sggeste hat the eath wa innin as it ent round e s nd ts eplained changs
13、 the moement of the plnets and n the bightnes of he tar、i fiens were enthusiasic ad ncuraed hm to publih s ides,b Cornics was cauti。e di ot ant t aaked the Chitian Church,so h only ubised it as he l dig in 1543。Cetainl wa rigt to be arefl。The Chritian Chuch rjected his theo,sayng it wa aganst Go ide
14、a and peopl wo upprted it woud b attacked。t opcus theor is no the asis o hc all ur deas of he uivrse are bui。Hi tory replaced he Crisi ida f rvity,wich aid things fell to earth becae God cratd the ah s t cntre th univere、Cperncs shoed ths as obiouly wrog。w eople n ee that there is a irect nk etwen h
15、is thoy and th rk of Isaa Newto,lber Eistein an Stephen Hawking。nt 2 Te itd Kngom eading PUZ IN GEORAHY Pe ay woder wy diferet ods are u o desrib these r countri:England,ales,San n othern Irland、You an clrify ts queston if o stuy Brth istory。Firt tee w Eland。Wales w liked t it i te tirtnth entr、o he
16、n pople rfe o Egland yu find Wa cluded as wll。xt Engld and Ws we joind o cotan in the ententh century and th nme ws cn to Great Britai”、Hapily ts wa cplihd wihot colic when ing Jams of cotlan beame Kng of gand nd Wals as el、Finay he Englis goenmnt tr te early tetith century to form th United Kingdom
17、 y ettng Ielad concted in the sa peacefl、Howver,th sothe prt of Irela w unwillin and broke way t fr is own gvenment、o only orthern Iread joined wih Enand,Wal nd Slad b t Unte Kingdm and this ws own to he orld in a ne fl clled nion Jack、thr cedit th four coures o work tgeer in some ara(e,t crrency nd
18、 internatioal relations),bu thy stl have vey difernt instutin、or exmple,Norhern Ieland,nlan and Scoand ve diffeent ucatoal nd leal syems as wl as diffeen fotbal teams fr petions lik th Word Cup！Egl is te largst of the four cntris,and or onveince t s divdd oghy into three zons。The one naret Frnc is c
19、aled the oth of ngnd,middle cled h Midns and the on erest o Sotd i known as Nth、You fnd mo of the poplin stted in the outh,bt most o th indial cities n the Milnds te Norh of Englnd、Altough,aioi,h ces are nt as large as thos in Cina,they ve worl-fmo fotl teams n soe of tem n he wo！It s a pity tha te
20、ndustria cities uil i nneteenh ey do atat visitors。For htoricl arhitecue ou hae t g to older ut mller wns built b the Romans、Tere yu wil find out moe but iis hitor d culture。he geatest hsoica teasure of l non wit its musems,art collection,heatres,park nd uldi、I s te enre f ationl goernmnt an is adin
21、istrton、t has the oldest ort bult b he Romns n he firt entury AD,he oldest buldig begun y e Anloaxons in he 106s and he oldes caste consrcte by later rmn rler in 16。Thre ha ben four ets of invaders of Engand、h firs ivadrs,the Roan,ft their town and oads、The secod,the AngoSaxons,left heir nguage and
22、their governmnt、he third,th Vkigs,influend the vocbuar an placeams of the rth Egld,and th fourth,the Normas,lft castls nd nrodce ne wods for foo、If yo loo arod te Brish ontrysie u wil in evidenc of al these indrs。ou st eep our eye open f yo re going to ake or tri he nted Kgom enjoyable and wrhhle、sn
23、g Laguage SIGHTSEEIN IN ONDN Worrd bout t te available,Zg Pinyu a mde a st o th sies se wntd t se i Lodon。Her s delight as ing t the oer。t s built long ago y t Noa nvades f AD 106。Facy!Ths solid stone,square oer ha eained tandg fo one thouand yas。Alhough the bilins hd expandd ou t,it reained at of a
24、 oyal paace n pson bine、To r great supris,Zhang Pinyu un the Qen jewls guarded y cl yal solir ho,on pcial ocasions,til wore he fur-hunde-eaod niform f te time of Quen Eliabh I。Tee llowd St al s Cathedral ult afr he terrie fir of on in 16。It looked spledid when fit built！Westintr Abbe,too,as vr inesn
25、g。It contine satus meor ead pots nd witers,uch a Shepeare。n just as she ame o of e bbey,Ping heard e famous ound of the cl,Big n,ngg out the ho、e inished te y by loking at he usie f Bucing alace,te Qens house n odo、O,sh had so much t tll e friend！he second y t gil it Greenwih nd saw its old sis n ms
26、 clo that set the world time、What intrstd he most was te onud ln、It is imaginry ine dividng t easten an westen alves of he wold and is very fl fr avgatio、t passes thruh Grenich,Pingu had a phot en standing n eithe side o the n、The las day he visied Ka Mars atue in Highte Cmetery、t eemed sng that te
27、mn wo had elopd mnsm houd h lived nd died in Londn、Nt only ha,e d worked in te fos readin ro of the Library of he itsh Musem、Sadly te ary had movd from its originl lce into anoer uildi an th ol radng room as gon。t she ws thrile y o many woneful tasures fro ifer ctures dispayd in t msem、When h sw man
28、y vistors enoyg okng a the beauiful ol Chinse pots and other objet on sh,se flt ve oud o h conry、e ext y ingu was leavi dn for indsor Casle、”Peraps I will e the ueen？she wondeed as she ll slep、Unt Lif in the fure Radi FIRS IMRESSIS Spacea:15/1308(Eartti)Dea Mum an ad,I still cannot beleve tht I am a
29、kig up this pize tha I wn as ear、I have o remind yslf costant that I a rely in A 3008、Worrid ou he jourey,I ws unettld for the first w das、As a rsult,suffered fm“Tim ag”、is is simila o he“jet lg”yo et fom fing,but it seems yu k gettin lahbacks om you prevus me period、So I was vy nervus and unctain a
30、 irt。oever,my friend nd guide,Wang Pin,was ver ndersanding nd av e som gre tblet whch hlped a lot、Wellknown for ther expertise,is parents pny,called Future Tours”,transorted me sely into th future in time capsule。an ill remember the mme whe the sce stress called u all to the capsule and climbd i thr
31、ogh a sal pning。e sets ere fotabe an ter a calming drik,we felt sley an closd our eys、Th capsule bean swnn gentl sidewas s w ly rlxed an dreing。A fe minutes te,he jrney wa pete and e ad arrived、I was tl on te erth but one thousand yars in te ftur、Wht would I ind?t ir m ne srroundns we diffcult to tl
32、eae、e air eemed hin,s thogh its bination f gaes had tle oxygen lft、Hit by lck of feh ir,my head achd。Jut as I tried ake the necesary adjusten to thi ne itutin,Wang Ping apeared。u n tis mask,”he adised。Ill e ou feel mc bet。He hnde to e an imedialy hurried m though to a small om nearby for a rst、fet b
33、ttr i o time、Son I wa ack m feet ain and followig im t oect a hoverin cariage dven by puer、These arries float above t grond and by being or ressing down in yur sea,you n mve wf。Wang Pi fasened afet belt an hwd me ow to use i、oo I could ly as fast as i。Hower,los sght of ang Pig wen w ree what looke k
34、 a lae maret becaus too any caries lin b n al directons、He was sept up int t cer f tm、s at that moet I ad a”time lg flhac an aw the area agi s it had bee i the AD 2008、eaized tht I ha been ranspted ito the futue of what was stl m hmetw！Then I caught sig of Wang Ping again ad lew after him、Arivg at s
35、trageloking huse,he showed e into a lrge,brit clen oo。It ha gren wll,brown floor and sft lihtng。udenl the wll ovd-i ws ade of res!I ond lat that hr laves pried the rm it muc-eed oxye。he Wang Ping flsed a swtc on a uer creen,and a tale nd some chairs os from nder foo as if y maic。hy not sit down eat
36、a ittle?”he said、”You fnd thi dfficult s it s yo rs ti trave tip、ust relax,inc there is ohng panned on the itable oday。Tomor you l b rdy for sme iits、Having said th,he spread some fod on the table,n prdced a bed fro the loor。fte e let,had a bie eal and a hot bat、Exhauted,id in bed nd fel fast asp。Mo
37、re ews laer from your ovng on,L Qing sig Lanuage I AVE SEN ZIN HIGS y irs vit was to a spac stain cnidered the mot modem space。ecrb as an eomus run plae,it sp lowl in pce o mite the pul o e arts ravity、Inside wa a exibti of th most u-da nvenions of the 31 st century。guide(G)sowed us rod aln moebe pt
38、、G:oo morning to all or iitrs m 08。irst were ong to exame on f laest fors of municatin mong u space cizens、No or tyist okig on a ypewri or puter！No mre posta or postods!essages an n be sent usig thugtpad。You lace te tl band over yu hea,clea yo mind,ess th sdng button,think you esage ad he next insta
39、 its sent。Its sd on th oughp”of the eeve、Its quic,eficent nd envionmenaly friendy。The only limitaton is if th ser does not think i or he se clrl,an uclear mesg ay snt、But e canot lame te toos or te falt of the us,an we？Durig he elanio I loked at the pair of small jecs alled thoughads n a table、Th ju
40、st loked i meal ribn、So odiay ut so poefl！While a obering them,te pah mved s on、G:A now lae and genleen,we re in the envrnent aa、epe ued to colet waste dustbins。Then the rubish s sent to b bured or bued,am I figt?(e nodded。)Well,now ter a sytm here he was s dpd f uing he rincipes o eolgy、giat machin
41、,alwa red fr re,swallws all h wa aill。he rubbish urned nto several grades f usef material,sch s”frtilize fr te felds d sol fr deset、Nothig s aste,ad everytn,even pastic bags,is recyce。A great ea,isnt it?I tared at the ovi mode f the wate macine,abrbd t efficiny、t agai we move on、G:Our hird stop sows
42、 th cha that hae happend work practces、Mnufaurng no lnge takes plc n h rth b on pace statins like this on。group f egineers programme obot to pror tasks in space、Th robot roduce oods suh a rug,lothes,furnitue,vering cariages,etc。There is no ate,no pollutio nd o evironmental dmae!Her,the paies have to
43、 tran eir rpesenatives to live an ork n pac settleents、They hve o mitor th root and the roduction、he t goods re reay thye transportd by iusrial spacship back o eart。My ind bea to wander。at job woud do？y motiva icrased as thou the woneful wod of the utue、Uit 4 Making he nes Reaing MY WRK ASIENT Uforg
44、eale”,nw jrlst Neve will hu Yan(ZY)fog his irst assignmet t te ffic f popur Engl ewspper、His disusion wih is ne boss,Hu Xin(HX),was o strongy ifluece i l as a jourlist。HX:Wle、Were delighted ou re ing to wor wit s、our first jo ere will be n assstant jourais、Do yu have a questions？ZY:a I go out on a s
45、toy immeiaely?H:(aughing)That s admirable,ut I m afraid ould b unu！at till you r or eperined。Frst wll pt you a an assitant o n expericed ouralist。Lter you c oe a stry and submit the rticle youelf。Y:Werful、ha do I nee t ake ith me？I lead have a nebok n amera。HX:No ne for camera、ull hav a prfesioal pt
46、ogrpher with you to ta htogaphs。Youl fin yor colleages ver eage o assst you,so you may be ale t conentrate on phtrahy later if you re interestd、Y:Thk yu、t oly am I inerete n phoorphy,but tok n ate crse a uiversity update my sills、HX:Good、Y:Wat o need rember en I o ot to cve a stor？X:You need to e ci
47、us、On if you ask any dfferet uestins il yo cqire ll the inormti you e to know、e say a o junalit mut ave a good nos”fr a s、Tt mans ou ut e e o assess he peoe ar nt lig the whole roth nd ten try to disve it。They must use reear to ifm theselvs f the mssin pars of he stoy、ZY:What hold I eep n nd？HX:Hre
48、s my lst f os an d:dont miss your dealine,don be rod,dn tk too much,but m sure u liste to the inteiewe caefully、ZY:Why s listnin s importn?HX:Wll,you have o isten o dtaild fas。Mnwhile you have o prpar he next utin deendig on wht th erson say、ZY:But h ca I listen caef while takng e?HX:This is a tick
49、f the trae,If the interveee grees,u cn ue recorder o ge th fat straigh、t s also usfu if a rson ats t halege ou、ou hae t evince t sppor yr stry。Z:se！Have r ad s her someon accused yor journlists of geting he wrong en of te tik？HX:Yes,but it was lon tme ag、his is ow the sor oe、A fotballe a cused of ti
50、n me fr dliraely t corig goal so as le the ther team in、We wnt to intrview him、He denid taking n but wer sceptca。o we arraged an ntevi bteen the foobaer and th man sppose bribe hm、Wen w hem toeter we gussd fro te oollrs body langage that e wa not eling the trth、we wrte an artile sugtig e a git。It wa