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1、2021 届东莞市第一中学高三英语一模试卷及答案解析 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A When the sun shines brightly,it provides a great chance to get outdoor things done.Like making hay!At least,that is what farmers from the past would say.Make hay while the sun shines.This i
2、diom is very old,dating back to Medieval times.Rain would often ruin the process of making hay.So,farmers had no choice but to make hay when the sun was shining.Today,we all use this expression,not just farmers.When conditions are perfect to get something done,we can say,Its a good idea to make hay
3、while the sun shines.In other words,you are taking advantage of a good situation or of good conditions.You are making the most of your opportunities.These all mean making hay while the sun shines.And sometimes we use this expression to mean we beat someone to the punch,or we got ahead of someone els
4、e.And other times you make hay while the sun shines to make good use of the chance to do something while it lasts.You are being opportunistic taking advantage of a good opportunity.For example,my friend Ozzy was sick for a week and could not go to work.So,his co-worker Sarah-who doesnt like him-took
5、 advantage of his illness and stole his project!Talk about making hay while the sun shines.Sometimes when you make hay while the sun shines you are staying ahead of a problem like in this example:Hey,do you want to go hiking with me and my friends this weekend?The weather is going to be beautiful!I
6、wish I could.But I have to finish my taxes.Its the last weekend before theyre due.Oh,thats too bad.Wait.What about your taxes?My taxes are done.I was off from work a couple of weeks ago and made hay while the sun shined.I got all of it done!I wish I would have taken advantage of my time off last wee
7、k_1_All I did was lay around thehouse.And thats all the time we have for these Words and Their Stories.But join us again next week.You can listen while youre making dinner or riding to work.Yeah,make hay while the sun shines.1.Which of the following best matches make hay whilethe sun shines in parag
8、raph 2?A.Sow nothing,reap nothing.B.Sharp tools make good work.C.Strike while the iron is hot.D.One swallow doesnt make a summer.2.According to the underlined sentence,what feeling does the speaker express?A.Admirable B.Regretful C.Annoyed D.Indifferent 3.Where is the passage probably taken from?A.A
9、 radio program B.A magazine C.A brochure D.A novel B After a year at sea,16-year-old Laura Dekker can finally say,“Missionaccomplished!”Last month,she finished a daring trip around the world aboard her 38-foot boat,Guppy.Dekker,who is from theNetherlands,traveled more than 30,000 miles all by hersel
10、f.She is the youngest person ever to sail around the globe alone.Dekker had wanted to lake on this challenge when she was even younger.She first tried to set sail at the age of 13,but a court in theNetherlandsstopped her.They said that she was too young to make such a risky trip by herself.But Dekke
11、r insisted she had the navigation skills and patience of an adult sailor.She finally took off on January 20,2011.During her trip,Dekker battled loneliness,storms,and worries about pirates.But she also got to surf,scuba dive,and started a new hobby:playing the flute.Although Dekker didnt spend all of
12、 her time at seashe stopped at ports along the wayshe did spend her 16lh birthday on the open ocean.To celebrate,she ate doughnuts for breakfast.But Dekker didnt sail into the record books.Guinness World Records and the World Sailing Speed Record Council no longer recognize records for“youngest”sail
13、ors.They dropped the category in 2009 to discourage children fromattempting such dangerous feats(壮举).But that didnt stop Dekker，who was born on a yacht during a seven-year world voyage undertaken by her parents.Dekker doesnt mind that she wont hold an official record.She says it was a personal goal,
14、and she is happy she achieved it.“I am not disappointed at all that Guinness World Record wont recognize my attempt.”Dekker wrote on her website.“I did not start on my trip to achieve any recordI did it just for myself.”4.Dekker wasnt allowed to sail at the age of 13 because .A.people were concerned
15、 about her safety B.she didnt learn any sailing skills well C.she had to continue her study at school D.she didnt have enough patience for long trips 5.What does the underlined word“accomplished”in Paragraph 1 mean?A.Failed.B.Completed.C.Continued.D.Started.6.In 2009 records for youngest sailors wer
16、e canceled in order to .A.set a higher sailing standard for teen sailors B.stop children entering Guinness World Records C.encourage parents to sail with their children D.prevent children making dangerous attempts 7.What could be the best title for this passage?A.A New Guinness World Record in Saili
17、ng B.A New Sailing Standard for Teen Sailors C.A Teen Girl Sailing Alone Aroundthe World D.The Youngest Sailor in Guinness World Records C In sportthe sexes are separate.Women and men do not run or swim in the same races.Women are less strong than men.That at least is what people say.Women are calle
18、d the weaker sex,or,if men want to please them,the fair sex.But boys and girls are taught together at schools and universities.There are women who are famous Prime Ministers,scientists and writers.And women live longer than men.A European woman can expect to live until the age of 74,a man only until
19、 he is 68.Are womens bodies really weaker?The fastest men can run a mile in under 4 minutes.The best women need 4.5 minutes.Womens time is always slower than mens,but some facts are a surprise.Some of the fastest women swimmers today are teenage girls.One of them swam 400 meters in 4 minutes 21.2 se
20、conds when she was only 16.The first Tartan in film was an Olympic swimmer,Johnny Weissmuller.His fastest 400 meters was 4 minutes 49.1 seconds,which is 37.9 seconds slower than a girl 50 years later!This does not mean that women are catching men up.Conditions are very different now and sport is muc
21、h more serious.It is so serious that some women athletes are given hormone injections.At the Olympics a doctor has to check whether the women athletes are really women or not.It seems sad that sport has such problems.Life can be very complicated when there are two separate sexes!8.Women are called t
22、he weaker sex because _.A.women do as much as men B.people think women are weaker than men C.sport is easier for men than for women D.in sport the two sexes are always together 9.Which of the following is true?A.Boys and girls study separately everywhere.B Women do not run or swim in races with men.
23、C.Famous Prime Ministers are women.D.Men can expect to live longer than women in Europe.10.The underlined part“That at least is what people say”means people _.A.say other things,too B.dont say this much C.say this but may not think so D.only think this 11.In this passage the author implies that _.A.
24、womenare weaker than men,but faster B.women are slower than men,but stronger C.men are not always stronger and faster than women D.men are faster and stronger than women D Once small farmers in Masii,a remote village in Kenya,have picked their crops,all they can do is wait until a buyer trucks throu
25、gh.The system works fairly well for beans and corn,but mangoes-the areas other main crop-spoil(腐烂)more quickly.If the trader is late,they rot.However,a simple coating could change that.A company,SmartTech,has created a product that doubles the shelf life of fresh produce,enabling farmers to access f
26、ar-off,larger markets.More time forfresh produce on grocers shelves also means less food waste-a$2.6 trillion problem,according to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO).James Rogers,CEO of SmartTech,wanted to solve the problem for food much in the same way that oxide barriers pre
27、venting rust(锈)have achieved for steel.Fortunately,researchers have found when plants made the jump from water to land,they developed cutin(蜡质),a barrier which is made of fatty acids that link together to form a seal around the plant,helping keep water in.The cutin was such a grand strategy that tod
28、ay youll still find it across the plant kingdom.SmartTech discovered through researches that an orange can last longer than a strawberry not so much because of the thickness of its skin,but because of the difference in the arrangement of those cutin molecules(分子)on the surface.After extensive trials
29、,Rogers and his team developed a natural and tasteless protective coating from plant material-stems,leaves and skins.The product extends the sweet spot between ripening and rot.And best of all,the treated produce doesnt require refrigeration.“SmartTech has huge potential to turn poor farmers in Afri
30、ca into commercial farmers,”says Rogers.“That means more money in pockets,and more food in stomachs.”But whether the company can cost-effectively reach small farmers in far-off areas still remains a challenge.12.The author mentions the small farmers in Kenya to _.A.stress their need for preserving p
31、roduce B.show their challenge in harvesting crops C.express their wish to reach larger markets D.evaluate their loss caused by slow transport 13.What can we learn about SmartTechs product?A.It is financially supported by FAO.B.It is intended to replace refrigeration.C.It is designed to thicken produ
32、ces skin.D.It is based on plantsown defence system.14.What will James Rogers probably focus on next?A.How to expand farms.B.How to earn more money.C.How to produce more tasty food.D.How to profit farmers in remote area.15.The main purpose of the passage is to _.A.promote a product B.present a techno
33、logy C.advertise SmartTech D.introduce James Rogers 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 What Can We Seein a Logo?We see hundreds of logos on signs,vehicles,websites,and even on the clothes we wear.All of these logos are designed to attract our attention._16_However,r
34、ecently research supports the idea that remembering what a logo looks like is a very difficult task.Researchers gave 85 students a simple assignment to draw the Apple logo purely from memory.Surprisingly,only one student in the study could accurately draw the logo from memory._17_Researchers have de
35、veloped a theory that they think might help to explain this blind spot in our memories.Logos are typically designed to be simple and easy to recognize with a quick glance.Yet the frequent exposure to these logos can actually make our brains overlook them.This process is known as“attentional saturati
36、on(注意力饱和).”_18_ Even though the brain is accustomed to ignoring unnecessary details,it is also programmed for recognition.When we see images such as logos over and over again,we become familiar with them.This constant exposure leads to something scientists refer to as gist(梗概)memory._19_This general
37、 sense of memory has its own benefits.In fact,familiarity with a popular logo can even make people feel more comfortable about purchasing or using certain products.Logos are everywhere we look today.A fancy design or a thoughtful color1 combination may be a good start for a logo concept,but there ar
38、e other factors to consider._20_A clever design may be interesting,but most people will forget the detailsespecially if our brains have anything to say about it.A.This may be inspiring to logo designers.B.People will know the product behind the logo.C.So why is it so difficult for people to recall t
39、he details of images?D.They also help us remember a product or service connected to that image.E.It means that our brain remembers the basic idea without all of the details.F.Our brains actually signal us to ignore information we dont think we will need to remember.G.Logo designers need to know that
40、 people will only remember what they believe is worthwhile.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 When someone asks you who your favorite hero is,you probably say Spiderman or maybe Captain America.If Im being_21_honest,my first and favorite her
41、o is my dad.Since before I was born,my dadalways knew he was going to_22_me with all his heart.All the sacrifices,_23_decisions,and sleepless nights he spent,were all for_24_.I remember learning about how my dad came to this country looking for a better life for the_25_generations,knowing there were
42、 risks.Learning about how he_26_high school to work to support his family,not knowing how it would_27_him in the long run.He did all that for me,_28_maybe he didnt know it then.My being born was the_29_thing that ever happened to him,and he even wrote me a letter!I remember times when I would_30_him
43、 up in the middle of the night,asking him for piggy back rides,and he would do it even if it was after a_31_day.My sister was born on October 4,2008.That day our_32_changed.She was sick.The doctors only gave her a month to live.I_33_couldnt understand anything but the fact that my parents were_34_.S
44、he went through so much in a year,three organ transplants and_35_hospitalizations,during which my dad assumed the role of my mom.My poor mother was by my sisters side the_36_time.I did_37_with my dad,from sleeping in his bed because I was scared,to going to work with him every single day.This went o
45、n for years.When I was in elementary school,I_38_Batman,because that was,and still is,my dads favorite superhero._39_,my father has the magic power to make me feel happy and joyful,even if Im mad.He makes me feel safe,warm,and loved.He is my_40_.Although sometimes I may get angry or moody,I will alw
46、ays love him.21.A.hardly B.sometimes C.completely D.often 22.A.love B.leave C.feed D.educate 23.A.easy B.tough C.final D.right 24.A.the country B.the family C.me D.himself 25.A.hopeful B.past C.graceful D.future 26.A.dropped out of B.went to C.ran away from D.set up 27.A.benefit B.affect C.destroy D
47、.impress 28.A.if B.because C.though D.once 29.A.last B.worst C.first D.best 30.A.pick B.recover C.take D.wake 31.A.beautiful B.long C.magic D.meaningful 32.A.life B.attitude C.relationship D.dream 33.A.always B.still C.also D.already 34.A.mistaken B.mad C.sad D.sorry 35.A.multiple B.reasonable C.ski
48、llful D.rare 36.A.entire B.spare C.relaxing D.working 37.A.nothing B.anything C.something D.everything 38.A.hated B.laughed at C.liked D.wrote about 39.A.Hopefully B.Similarly C.Unfortunately D.Irregularly 40.A.friend B.model C.example D.superhero 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词
49、或括号内单词的正确形式 The geography of theArctic Circlemakes it a tough place to call home.In the winter,the nights_41._（length）until the sun barely shines.In the extreme north,the ground is permanently frozen.The hardy Inuit（因纽特人）_42._（be）the native people of northern Alaska,Canada and Greenland._43._（tradit
50、ional）,they hunted Arctic animals for food,especially caribou（驯鹿）,seals and whales.The Inuit used animal skins for clothing and for shelter.Most traditional Inuit_44._（family）had both a summer and a winter home.During the summer,many Inuit lived in tents_45._（cover）with caribou or seal skins.In the