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1、Chapter 3 Free electrons in solids3.1 Free electron model3.1.1 Drude Model-Classical Free Electron Model3.1.2 Sommerfeld Model-Quantum Mechanical Free Electron Model3.2 Heat capacity of free electron gas3.3 Transport properties of conductive electrons3.4 Electron emission and contacting voltage()()(
2、)N Ef E g E1/2()g EC Eg(E)QMFEM Calculation of Heat Capacity of free e-Comparison of CVeand CVlTransport properties of conductive electronsHeat capacity of free electronsThermal-electric effectAt T=0K，the average energy of free electrons is 60%of the EF.Calculation of Heat Capacity of free Electrons
3、At T0K，the total energy of free electrons is:3/2()/01d()()dd1FBE Ek TEE NEg E f EECEEe2220()22eeBeBVFFN kN kETCTETTT2202eBFN kEeNNZNe:the total number of free electronsN:the number of atomsZ:the number of free electrons provided byone atom QMFEM Calculation of Heat Capacity of free e-Comparison of C
4、Veand CVlTransport properties of conductive electronsHeat capacity of free electronsThermal-electric effect0220351()512BeFFk TN EE2223-40191.38 101022 5 1.6 10eBVFkCRTRTRTE e.g.in agreement with the experimental resultsComparison of CVeand CVlAt high temperature(T D)3LVBCNk222eBVoFNZk TCE26eLFCZTCTL
5、VVCCAt low temperature(T 0 Metal 2：negative charge,contact potential 0contact voltage:Contacting Voltage12211211()()FFVWWEEee Richardson Law Work Function Contacting Voltage Transport propertiesHeat capacity of free electronsElectron emission and contacting voltage Chapter 3 Free electrons in solids3.1 Free electron model3.1.1 Drude Model-Classical Free Electron Model3.1.2 Sommerfeld Model-Quantum Mechanical Free Electron Model3.2 Heat capacity of free electron gas3.3 Transport properties of conductive electrons3.4 Electron emission and contacting voltage SummaryFree electrons in solids