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1、被动语态基本用法被动语态基本用法当句子的当句子的主语主语是动作的是动作的执行者执行者时，时，谓语的形式是谓语的形式是主动语态主动语态。当句子的。当句子的主语是动作的主语是动作的承受者承受者时，谓语要用时，谓语要用被动语态被动语态。被动语态由助动词。被动语态由助动词be+过去分词过去分词构成，时态通过构成，时态通过be表现出表现出来。来。第1页/共48页They play football on Sunday.Lucy does the homework in the evening.They often use computers in class.We make these machines
2、 in Beilun.People speak English as the first language in UK.Football is played by them on Sunday.The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.Computers are often used by them in class.These machines are made in Beilun.English is spoken as the first language in UK.第2页/共48页His brother washes bowls ever
3、y day.主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)Bowls are washed by his brother every day.改为被动语态第3页/共48页1.They make shoes in that factory.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语Shoes are made (by them)in that factory.一般现在时：一般现在时：S(主语）主语）+am/is/are +过去分词过去分词第4页/共48页He looked after the little baby yesterday.主谓宾(受动者)The little baby was looked afterby
4、him yesterday.第5页/共48页They built the tall building last year.He took good care of his little brother yesterday.We cleaned our classroom just now.They used this room for resting.They planted many trees years ago.The tall building was built by them last year.His little brother was taken good care of b
5、y him yesterday.Our classroom was cleaned by us just now.This room was used for resting by them.Many trees were planted by them years ago.第6页/共48页2.They bought ten computers last term Ten computers were bought (by them)last term.一般过去时：一般过去时：S+was/were+过去分词过去分词第7页/共48页Tom will clean the room tomorrow
6、.主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)The room will be cleaned by Tom tomorrow.第8页/共48页We will have a sports meeting next week.Children will take some photos in the schoolyard tomorrow.The headmaster will give a talk this afternoon.The farmers will grow different kinds of vegetables next spring.Uncle Wang will mend the TV
7、 set tomorrow.A sports meeting will be had by us next week.Some photos will be taken by children in the schoolyard tomorrow.A talk will be given by the headmaster this afternoon.Different kinds of vegetables will be grown by the farmers next spring.The TV set will be mended by Uncle Wang tomorrow.第9
8、页/共48页3.They will finish the work in ten days.The work will be finished(by them)in ten days.一般将来时：一般将来时：S+will+be+过去分词过去分词第10页/共48页4Amy can take good care of Gina Gina can be taken good care of by Amy.情态动词：情态动词：S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词过去分词第11页/共48页1.He can take care of the baby.2.Lucy may draw
9、the pictures.3.You must turn off the lights.4.They should learn English well.5.Jim could do it yesterday.The baby can be taken care of by him.The picture may be drawn by Lucy.The lights must be turned off by you.English should be learned well by them.It could be done by Jim yesterday.第12页/共48页练习：1.M
10、any people speak English.2.They made computers in the U.S.A.3.People used knives for cutting things.4.People used metal for making machines.5.They produce silk in Suzhou and Hangzhou.6.They speak English in Canada.第13页/共48页被动语态中的特殊情况1.不及物动词带介词和介词宾语时，在变为被动语态时，仍然要带上介词。e.g.The students listen to the te
11、acher carefully in class.被动句：The teacher is listened to carefully by the students in class.e.g.They look after the new students in the school.被动句：The new students are looked after by them in the school.第15页/共48页1.People use knives for cutting things.Knives _ _ for cutting things.2.The students clean
12、 the windows of their classroom twice a month.The windows of their classroom_ _ twice a month.are usedarecleaned(变被动语态）变被动语态）第19页/共48页5.His doctor made him have only two meals a day.He _ _ _ _ only two meals a day.6.Now people can use computers to help them.Now computers _ _ _ to help them.was made
13、to have can be used第20页/共48页3.I found the ticket on the floor._ _ _ _ on the floor.4.I told her to return the book in time.She _ _ to return the book in time.The ticket was found was told第21页/共48页9.The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps.1)_ _ _ some wonderful stamps.2)Some wonderful stamp
14、s _ _ _ _.we were given were given to us第22页/共48页7.Did you plant many trees at this time last year?_ _ _ _ at this time last time?8.Must we finish our work today?_ our work_ _ today?Were many trees plantedMust be finished第23页/共48页10.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer.Tom _ _ to turn on th
15、e computer.11.In this factory women do most of the work.Most of the work _ _ by women in this factory.was asked is done第24页/共48页12.He can mend the bike in two days.The bike _ _ _ in two days.13.You must take this medicine three times a day.This medicine _ _ _ three times a day.can be mended must be
16、taken第25页/共48页14.The students in this school study German.German _ _ by the students in this school.15.Do they often talk about this question?_ this question often _ about _ _?is studiedIs talked by them第26页/共48页下列时态的被动语态构成下列时态的被动语态构成 1.Lucy is watering the trees.2.The boy was mending his bike.3.We
17、have finished our compositions.第27页/共48页Some workers are painting the rooms nowThe rooms are being painted by some workers now.现在进行时：现在进行时：S+am/is/are+being+过去分词过去分词第28页/共48页I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night My homework was being done(by me)at 8:00 last night.过去进行时：过去进行时：S+was/were+being+过去
18、分词过去分词第29页/共48页We have made twenty more keysTwenty more keys have been made by us.现在完成时：现在完成时：S+have/has+been+过去分词过去分词第30页/共48页各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成一般现在时：一般现在时：一般过去时：一般过去时：情态动词：情态动词：一般将来时：一般将来时：现在进行时：现在进行时：现在完成时：现在完成时：过去进行时：过去进行时：S+am/is/are+doneS+was/were+doneS+can/may/must/s
19、hould+be+doneS+will+be+doneS+am/is/are+being+doneS+have/has+been+doneS+was/were+being+done第31页/共48页Homework:1.He cleans the classroom everyday.2.They finished their homework.3.I can mend his bike.4.She will buy ten books tomorrow.5.We shouldnt allow them to go out with their friends.6.The old man of
20、ten makes us laugh.第32页/共48页呵 呵 哈 哈嘿 嘿 嘻 嘻第33页/共48页surround placewood throw beauty spot rubbishhundred countcity coverthrough piecevisitor tyretidy rustylitter amonglitter basket prosecute第34页/共48页surround v.包围包围篱笆围绕着我家房子。篱笆围绕着我家房子。The fence surrounds my house.surrounding adj周围的，附近的周围的，附近的 n（复数）环境，周
21、围的事物（复数）环境，周围的事物周围的风景周围的风景 the surrounding scenery 近郊近郊the surrounding country社会环境社会环境social surroundings居住环境居住环境living surroundings孩子们生活在舒适的环境中。孩子们生活在舒适的环境中。The children live in pleasant surroundings.第35页/共48页wood n.森林，森林，树林树林(复数复数)比比forest 小小 木头，木材，木料（不可数）木头，木材，木料（不可数）他在森林中迷路了。他在森林中迷路了。He got lost
22、 in the woods.森林中有座房子是木头建成的。森林中有座房子是木头建成的。Theres a house which is made of wood in the woods.第36页/共48页hundred n.百，一百百，一百 800eight hundred250two hundred and fifty205two hundred and five数以百计的数以百计的hundreds of成百上千的成百上千的thousands of第37页/共48页through prep.1.穿过穿过 2.遍及遍及，到处，到处 3.整个，从整个，从到最后到最后辨析：辨析：through 内部
23、内部across 表面表面over 上空上空太阳穿过窗户照进来。太阳穿过窗户照进来。The sun shines through the window.红灯亮的时候，不要过马路。红灯亮的时候，不要过马路。Dont walk across the street when the light is red.看，一只苍蝇正飞过你的头顶。看，一只苍蝇正飞过你的头顶。Look!A fly is flying over your head.第38页/共48页visitor n.谢绝会客！谢绝会客！No visitors！访客签名薄访客签名薄 visitors book visit v.我每年都要去很多地方
24、。我每年都要去很多地方。I visit many places every year.去年我去了加拿大。去年我去了加拿大。I visited Canada last year.第39页/共48页tidy adj.反义词反义词 untidy妈妈的房间总是很干净，而我的却很乱妈妈的房间总是很干净，而我的却很乱。Moms room is always tidy,but mine is untidy.v.使使整洁，整理（常与整洁，整理（常与up连用）连用）我妈妈正在收拾房间。我妈妈正在收拾房间。Mom is tidying up a room.外出前要整理仪容。外出前要整理仪容。Tidy yourse
25、lf up before you go out.第40页/共48页litter n.杂乱的东西杂乱的东西 垃圾垃圾 请勿丢垃圾！请勿丢垃圾！No litter,please.垃圾袋垃圾袋litter bag垃圾箱垃圾箱litter bin /dustbin随意丢垃圾的人随意丢垃圾的人litterbug有些游客在景区乱认垃圾。有些游客在景区乱认垃圾。Some tourists leave litter in beauty spot.v.乱丢垃圾，乱丢垃圾，把把弄得乱七八糟弄得乱七八糟请勿弄乱你的房间。请勿弄乱你的房间。Dont litter your room.第41页/共48页place v.
26、1.放置，安放，摆布放置，安放，摆布 2.安置安置sb.3.把（希望，信赖）寄托于把（希望，信赖）寄托于他把数字以正确的顺序排号。他把数字以正确的顺序排号。He placed the numbers in the right order.他们派我去美国。他们派我去美国。They placed me to America.你要信赖你的领导。你要信赖你的领导。You should place confidence in your leader.n.1.工作，职务，职责工作，职务，职责 2.空间，余地空间，余地他在工程公司任职。他在工程公司任职。He got a place in an engine
27、ering company.决定下一步该做什么不是你的职责。决定下一步该做什么不是你的职责。Its not your place to decide what to do next.第42页/共48页from place to place到处，处处到处，处处give place to让位于让位于 被被所替代所替代know ones place懂分寸，不过分，举止谦虚懂分寸，不过分，举止谦虚 take place 发生发生in place of代替代替第43页/共48页throw v.对应词对应词 catch她给我扔过来一个苹果。她给我扔过来一个苹果。She threw me an apple.
28、She threw an apple to me.扔掉扔掉throw away妈妈让我把这些旧书扔掉。妈妈让我把这些旧书扔掉。Mom asked me to throw away these old books.把它扔掉把它扔掉throw it away动副短语加代词，代词放中间。动副短语加代词，代词放中间。第44页/共48页rubbish n.1.垃圾垃圾 2.荒唐之事，无聊的事，废话荒唐之事，无聊的事，废话 一堆垃圾一堆垃圾a pile of rubbish清除垃圾清除垃圾clean away the rubbish丢弃垃圾丢弃垃圾throw away the rubbish别说废话了。别
29、说废话了。Dont talk rubbish.第45页/共48页cover v.1.覆盖覆盖 2.隐瞒隐瞒 3.占用占用，延续，延续 她用手掩面。她用手掩面。She covered her face with hands.秋天树上硕果累累。秋天树上硕果累累。The tree is covered with apples in autumn.这个故事前后过程只有三天。这个故事前后过程只有三天。The story covers only 3 days.他的报告涵盖了问题的所有层面。他的报告涵盖了问题的所有层面。His reports covers all aspects of the proble
30、m.n.1.遮盖的东西遮盖的东西 2.盖子盖子3.包装纸包装纸4.封面，书皮封面，书皮把锅盖盖上把锅盖盖上Put a cover on a pot.整本书，从头到尾整本书，从头到尾from cover to cover 第46页/共48页rusty adj.生锈的，生锈的，变钝了的，变钝了的，荒废了的，荒废了的，减弱了的减弱了的 生锈的钉子生锈的钉子a rusty nail如果你长时间不用大脑，那你的脑子就会如果你长时间不用大脑，那你的脑子就会荒废了。荒废了。If you dont use your brain regularly,It will be rusty.我的口语有点生疏了。我的口语有点生疏了。My oral English is a little rusty.我对历史有点生疏。我对历史有点生疏。I am a bit rusty on history.第47页/共48页感谢您的观看！第48页/共48页