《专业学位硕士研究生英语Unit.pptx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《专业学位硕士研究生英语Unit.pptx(51页珍藏版)》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、Excuse NotesExcuses,Excuses第1页/共51页第2页/共51页Frank McCourtwasborninBrooklyn,New York,to Irishimmigrant parents.Unable tofind work in the depths of theDepression,theMcCourtsreturned to Ireland,where theysunk deeper into the povertyMcCourt describes so movinglyinhismemoir,Angelas Ashes.About the author第
2、3页/共51页McCourtsfather,analcoholic,was oftenwithoutwork.Hedrank up what littlemoneyheearnedandeventuallyabandonedthefamilyaltogether.Three ofthesevenchildrendiedofdiseasesaggravatedbymalnutrition and thesqualoroftheirsurroundings.第4页/共51页FrankMcCourthimselfnearlydiedoftyphoid fever when he was ten.De
3、spite the horrors of McCourtschildhood,he told his story withhumor,brilliantdescription,anddeepcompassionforhisfamily,evenfor the shiftless father who instilledin him a love of language andstorytelling.第5页/共51页Afterquittingschoolat13,FrankMcCourt alternated between odd jobsand petty crime in an effo
4、rt to feedhimself,his mother,and four survivingbrothers and sisters.At 19,he returnedtotheUnitedStates andworkedatoddjobsuntilhewasdraftedintotheUnitedStates Army at the onset of the KoreanWar.McCourtspentthewarstationedinGermanyandonhisreturntocivilianlifewas able to pursue a college educationonthe
5、G.I.Bill.第6页/共51页Althoughhehadneverattendedhighschool,hewasableto persuadethe admissionsoffice of New York Universityto accept him as a student.Although his childhoodinterest inlanguageandstorytellingwere fedbycreativewriting classes and his own constant reading,he did notfeelreadytopursueascareeras
6、aprofessionalwriter.Ongraduation,hewenttoworkfortheNewYork CityPublicSchoolsystem,wherehetaughtforthenext27years.第7页/共51页Afteryearsofteachingcreativewritingtoyoungpeople,McCourtdeterminedtowritehisownlifestory.Angelas Ashessoldover4millioncopies,hasbeenpublishedin27countriesandhasbeentranslatedinto1
7、7languages.ItwonMcCourttheNationalBookCriticsCircleAward,theLosAngelesTimesBookAward,theABBYAwardandthePulitzerPrizeforBiography.第8页/共51页Hissecondbook,Tis,pickedupthestoryofhislifewhereAngelas Ashesleftoff,withhisarrivalinAmericaatage19.Itshottothetopofthebest-sellerlistsassoonasitwaspublished.His20
8、05memoir,Teacher Man,chronicledhis27-yearcareerintheNewYorkCityschoolsystem.Likeitspredecessor,itwasaninstantbestseller.FrankMcCourtdiedinNewYorkCityattheageof78.第9页/共51页Attila(A.D.406453),alsoknownasAttilatheHun,wastheEmperoroftheHunsfrom434untilhisdeathin453.HewasleaderoftheHunnicEmpirewhichstretc
9、hedfromGermanytotheUralRiverandfromtheRiverDanubetotheBalticSeaDuringhisrule,hewasoneofthemostfearsomeoftheWesternandEasternRomanEmpiresenemies:heinvadedtheBalkanstwiceandmarched第10页/共51页throughGaul(modernFrance)asfarasOrleansbeforebeingdefeatedattheBattleofChalons.HerefrainedfromattackingeitherCons
10、tantinopleorRome.Hisstory,thattheSwordofAttilahadcometohishandbymiraculousmeans,wasreportedbytheRomanPriscus第11页/共51页Lee Harvey Oswald(October18,1939November24,1963)was,accordingtothreeUnitedStatesgovernmentinvestigations,theassassinofU.S.PresidentJohnF.Kennedy,whowasfatallyshotonNovember22,1963,inD
11、allas,Texas.AnExUnitedStatesMarinewhodefectedtotheSovietUnionandlaterreturned,OswaldwasarrestedonsuspicionofkillingDallaspoliceofficerJ.D.TippitandlaterconnectedtotheassassinationofPresidentKennedy.第12页/共51页Oswalddeniedanyresponsibilityforthemurders.Twodayslater,whilebeingtransferredunderpolicecusto
12、dyfromthecityjailtothecountyjail,OswaldwasshotandmortallywoundedbyJackRubyonlivetelevision.In1964theWarrenCommissionconcludedthatLeeHarveyOswaldassassinatedPresidentJohnF.Kennedysingle-handedly,aconclusionalsoreachedbypriorinvestigationsoftheFBIandtheDallasPoliceDepartment.In1979,theUnitedStatesHous
13、eSelectCommitteeonAssassinations(HSCA)concluded,basedlargelyonoutdatedacousticevidence,thatOswaldassassinatedKennedy“probablyasaresultofaconspiracy.”第13页/共51页JuliusRosenberg(May12,1918June19,1953)andEthelGreenglassRosenberg(September28,1915June19,1953)wereAmericancommunistswhowereexecutedin1953after
14、havingbeenfoundguiltyofconspiracytocommitespionage.ThechargeswereinrelationtothepassingofinformationabouttheatomicbombtotheSovietUnion.Theirexecutionwasthefirstofcivilians,forespionage,inUnitedStateshistory.第14页/共51页AlCaponeisAmericasbestknowngangsterandthesinglegreatestsymbolofthecollapseoflawandor
15、derintheUnitedStatesduringthe1920sProhibitionera.CaponehadaleadingroleintheillegalactivitiesthatlentChicagoitsreputationasalawlesscity.第15页/共51页第16页/共51页第17页/共51页E.g.1)Someonestolemycreditcardandforgedmysignature.有人偷了我的信用卡,并假冒我的签名。2)aforgedpassport伪造的护照1.Forgeto make an illegal copy of something in
16、order to deceive:伪造,铸造第18页/共51页E.g.1)Thisringisgenuinegold.这枚戒指是真金的。2)Allgenuineknowledgeoriginatesindirectexperience.一切真知都是从直接经验发源的。3)agenuinesignature亲笔签字4)agenuineperson诚恳的人5)agenuinebreed纯种2.genuineIf something is genuine,it is real and exactly what it appears to be:真的第19页/共51页E.g.1)Theydispense
17、dnewclothestothechildrenintheorphanage.他们把新衣服发给孤儿院的小孩们。2)Weveallocatedasumofmoneytoeducation.我们已经拨出了一笔教育经费。3.distributeto give something out to several people,or to spread or supply something分发,发送第20页/共51页E.g.1)Youhaveomittedmynameinfromthelist.你把我的名字从名单上漏掉了。2)Heomittedtostatehisreasons.他未叙述理由。4.omi
18、tto fail to include or do something省略,疏忽第21页/共51页E.g.ahopelessplight绝望的境地beinasorrypitiable,wretchedplight处境困窘Heisinasadplight.他陷入了悲惨的境地。5.plight an unpleasant condition,especially a serious,sad or difficult one处境,状态。第22页/共51页E.g.1)Icanattesttotheabsolutetruthofhisstory.我可以证实他的话是千真万确的。2)Thechildsgoo
19、dhealthattestshismotherscare.这孩子健康的身体证实他母亲照料周到。3)IhavesaidnothingthatIamnotreadytoattest.我发誓,我说的话句句属实。4)Thehandwritingexpertattestedtothegenuinenessofthesignature.笔迹专家作证该签名无讹。6.attest to show something or to say or prove that something is true证明。第23页/共51页第24页/共51页E.g.1)toglanceatoneswatch看一下表2)Shegl
20、ancedalongtheroadtoseeifhewascoming.她沿路扫视着,看他是否要来了。3)Heglancedathiswatchandthenlookedatthesky.他看了看手表,然后又看了看天空。1.glance at to give a quick short look 看一下;一瞥;扫视第25页/共51页E.g.turncoinsintopapermoney把硬币换成纸币CanyouturnthisarticleintoChinese?你能把这篇文章译成汉语吗?2.turn intochange into进入,(使)变成第26页/共51页E.g.1)Heurgedh
21、ertorest.他催促她休息。2)WhenmyoldfriendBrianurgedmetoacceptacigarette,itwasmorethanIcouldbear.当我的老朋友布赖恩怂恿我接受一支香烟时,我实在熬不住了。3.Urge to having a strong wish to do something强烈欲望做某事第27页/共51页第28页/共51页1.I had seen Mikey writing the note at his desk,seesomebodydoingsomething“看见某人正在做某事”例:Isawhercleaningtheclassroom
22、.我看到她正在扫打教室(强调正在做某事)Isawhimcomingtowardstheschoolbuilding.我看见他朝学校大楼走来.IsawthemwatchingTV.我看见他们正在看电视.译 文第29页/共51页我看见迈克正在写假条,1.I had seen Mikey writing the note at his desk,.译 文第30页/共51页besupposedtodosomething:意为“应该”;“被期望”,它可以用来表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等,“强调客观上。例:Heissupposedtoworkhard.他应该努力工作。Everyoneissupposedt
23、owearaseat-beltinthecar.每个人在汽车里都应该系安全带。Teachersaresupposedtotreatallthestudentsalike.老师应该对所有的学生一视同仁。2.Theyre supposed to be written by parents,译 文第31页/共51页那些假条应该是由他们的父母写才对,2.Theyre supposed to be written by parents,译 文第32页/共51页soonerorlater迟早E.g.1)Hehasntgotanymoney,sohesboundtoturnupsoonerorlater.他
24、没有钱,所以,他必定会出现的。2)Youshouldtellher,becauseshellfindoutsoonerorlater.你还是告诉她吧,因为她迟早会发觉的.3)Youwillleaveyourparentssoonerorlater.你迟早会离开父母的3.Sooner or later,I figured,everyone needed an excuse.译 文第33页/共51页我捂出,总有一天,人人需要借口。3.Sooner or later,I figured,everyone needed an excuse.译 文第34页/共51页第35页/共51页借口,借口弗兰克麦考
25、特学生杜撰了种种假条,我把它们用作一堂课的教案1我在纽约史坦顿岛的拉尔夫麦基职业学校教创意写作已经到第三个年头了。一天早晨,我的一个学生,16岁的米奇,递过来一张请假条,解释他缺席的原因。上面写到:2“亲爱的麦考特先生:米奇的外婆,也就是我妈,今年80岁了。由于咖啡喝多了,从楼梯上掉了下来,所以我得把米奇留在家,照顾他祖母,还有他妹妹,我自己得去码头上班。请原谅米奇的缺席,他以后一定会表现好的!又及:他外婆没事。”我亲眼看到这小子为了不让我认出他的笔迹,用左手写的这请假条。可是我对此事没有言语。第36页/共51页3那段时间我收到的以父母名义写的请假条,绝大多数都是是学生由自己操刀。自从学会写作
26、那天起,他们就开始编假条了。如果我要是一一追究,那好,简直一天24小时都闲不下来。4我把米奇的假条连同其它几十份类似的假条塞进抽屉。时逢考试时段,我决定把我先前读过的假条在班上念给大家听。我把它们分成两摞,第一摞是确实出自妈妈们之手,第二摞是学生们以妈妈的名义写的。第二摞的份数要多些,而且写作风格各异,有的富于想像,有的富于异想。第37页/共51页5我突然灵机一动。6这岂不是不可思议,我暗暗想,当我要求学生们写个200字的作文时,他们牢骚满腹,抱怨写不出什么。但是写起请假条来,却文思泉涌?我收集的那些请假条,真该入选美国假条大全。它们是在歌曲、故事、研究中从未出现过的才智佳作。7这简直是美国高
27、中写作的典范佳作,原创,真实,紧迫的,明晰的,简单,说谎。我读到:8我家炉子着火了,顺着墙纸烧,消防队员来忙了一夜,我们一宿没睡 第38页/共51页9阿诺德完成了您布置的作业,昨天乘坐地铁的时候,书包被地铁门夹住,车开走了,所以作业也没了。10他妹妹的狗把他的作业给吃了,但愿这该死的狗给噎死。11我们从公寓被赶了出来,那个可恶的治安官说如果我的儿子一直嚷着要他的笔记本的话,他就把我们全都抓起来。12杜撰这些借口的作者没有意识到诚实的借口常常乏味,如:皮特迟到了是因为闹钟没响。第39页/共51页13一天,我打印了十多份借口假条,把它们发给我的高年级班。学生们全神贯注,安静地阅读。“麦考特先生,是
28、谁写的?”一男孩问道。14“是你们写的,”我回答。“出于保护作者的目的,我划掉姓名。这些假条按道理是由父母写的,不过你们和我都知道真正的作者是谁,对吧,米奇?”15“那么我们接下来要做什么?”16“这是第一堂学习借口假条写作艺术-第一次课堂练习写作借口假条。你们很幸运要拿出你们的佳作,把它变成值得学习的主题。”第40页/共51页17每位学生面带笑容。我接着说“你们不必只写旧闹钟的故事。发挥你们的想象。也许有一天,你的孩子们上学迟到或缺席或做了捣蛋事,你得为他们编借口。想象一下你有个15岁大的孩子需要编写英语成绩落后的理由。我们开始吧。”18学生们编撰了种种理由,从一辆16轮大车撞上房子到学校餐
29、厅造成的严重食物中毒。他们纷纷说:“再写一个,再写一个。我们可以多写点吗?”19我答道:“你们写吧.”“我完成了,”“亚当给上帝的请假条”“夏娃给上帝的请假条.”这些学生唰唰唰地写着,头都不抬。20不久,下课铃声响起,我第一次看到学生如此沉浸在写作中以致要他们的朋友催促着去吃午饭:呦,勒尼,快点,等会再做。第41页/共51页21第二天每人都带来他们写好的假条,请假人从亚当到夏娃,更从上帝到撒旦。一名女生为亚当的诱惑辩解道:夏娃厌倦了在天堂里整天撒谎,无所事事。也厌倦了上帝干涉他们的生活。22学生就亚当和夏娃的罪进行激烈讨论。虽然有些迹象,但是还没有人对上帝说难听的话。有学生说,上帝应该对人类第
30、一个男人和第一个女人的处境多些理解。23我让全班同学思考任何一个可能找个好借口的历史人物。我把自己的建议写在了黑板上:爱娃布劳恩,希特勒的女朋友;朱利叶斯与伊瑟尔罗森伯格,因卖国罪被处死;犹大;阿提拉;奥斯瓦耳德;铝彭;第42页/共51页24“呦,麦考特先生,你能把老师们也写上去吗?”一学生问。25然后,我听到有人说,“麦考特先生,校长在门口。”26当校长和学监走进来时,我的心直往下沉。他们都没和我打招呼,径直走到学生面前,盯着看学生的作文。学监拿了一份给校长看。27学监皱了皱眉头,校长撅起嘴。当他们出去时,校长要我下课后去找学监。28我想,又玩完了,等着被炒鱿鱼吧。校长坐在桌子旁,学监则站着
31、。“请进,”学监说。“我只想告诉你,这堂课,这个话题先不管你到底在做什么简直太棒了!那些孩子达到了大学水平。”第43页/共51页29他转向校长说:“那个为犹大找借口写假条的,太棒了。我要和你握握手,”他边说边转向我,“你的档案里会增加一封证明你富有活力和想象力的教学的信。谢谢你。”30天哪!能得到如此重要人物的赞扬。我不知是应该在过道上飘舞,还是纵身飞起来?第二天我得意地在教室里哼唱小调。31学生们放声大笑。他们说:“嘿,学校每天都应该这样,我们写借口假条,老师们突然引亢高歌。”我悟出,总有一天,人人需要借口。如果我们今天唱歌,明天照样可以唱,为什么不呢?高兴的时候哼哼小调需要借口吗?第44页
32、/共51页第45页/共51页I.Suggestion:theteachermaydividethestudentsintosmallgroups,andthenaskeachgrouptodotheexerciseandfindoutthemostcommonones,forexample,patience,understanding,asenseofhumor,etc.II.Allthesentencessharethesimilaritiesofbeingsick.Andillnessisacommonexcusethatmoststudentsusefortheirabsences.Pa
33、rt IWarm-up第46页/共51页Reading comprehensionIDDABDII(1)creative(2)forged(3)piles(4)genuine(5)excuses(6)talent(7)absorbed(8)lunch(9)praised(10)neededVocabularyIDBBBACDACB第47页/共51页II1.superintendent2.attest3.genuine4.turninto5.glanceat6.excuse7.evicted8.disguise9.worthy10.imaginationTranslation1.我每天收到以父母
34、名义写的请假条,很多是学生自己写的。自从他们学会写作之日起,就开始编假请假条。如果我要是一一追究,那好,简直一天24小时都闲不下来。2.当校长和学监走进来时,我的心直往下沉。他们都没和我打招呼,径直走到学生面前,盯着看学生的作文。学监拿了一份给校长看。3.我悟出,总有一天,人人需要借口。如果我们今天唱歌,明天照样可以唱,为什么不呢?高兴的时候哼哼小调需要借口吗?第48页/共51页es2.is3.willfall4.wouldallow 5.is ringing 6.have7.willbehaving8.wereworking9.wrote10.isgoingtorain第49页/共51页1.世上没有无缘无故的爱,也没有无缘无故的恨。2.事实胜于雄辩。3.情人眼里出西施。4.凭票入内!5.从崇高到荒谬只有一步之遥。第50页/共51页谢谢您的观看!第51页/共51页