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1、2022北京东城高三一模英 语本试卷共11页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后， 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Every year, around 20,000 American teenagers age out of foster care （寄养）at 18, and have to start their lives by themselves.
2、Ella first became aware of foster care when her parents were considering adopting a child. Although the didnt work out, Ella often found herself thinking about that child. Im really close with my family, and just couldnt imagine being 2 on my own at 18,“ she says.Later, Ella visited Children Service
3、s, with a list of questions, trying （o3 what aging out looked like. Onequestion was Whats not being 4 fbr these young people?. Near the top of the list was furniture. uThe idea of moving into an apartment and not having a bed to sleep on pulled at my heartstrings,says Ella.Ella contacted her parents
4、 * friends, asking if they had spare fiimiture to 5. And a local furniture store offered freespace and delivery truck. Then she formed Chair-ity, a nonprofit providing furniture fbr young adults who have 6 foster care.Watching those in need receive a bed, a table whatever - was transformational. Ell
5、a remembers Hannah, a former foster care girl who couldnt afford any furniture. When Hannah 7 to Chair-ity, Ella asked what she needed. “Everylhing,“ she replied. When she found her once 8 apartment stood a full kitchen set, a bed, and a table, she said, “It really relieved my pressure.”“To think wh
6、at hadnt been thought about in years could bring so much happiness to somebody was 9 Ellasays.Today, Chair-ity has given furniture to nearly 200 young adults. As word has got out, Ella has received donations from more and more people. Shes convinced these contributions give those young peopleLQand c
7、onfidence.1. A. planB. jobC. wayD. task2. A. occasionallyB. completelyC. frequentlyD. slightly3. A. explainB. understandC. expectD. recall4. A. metB. builtC. meantD. kept5. A. arrangeB. sellC. fixD. donate6. A. leftB. foundC. improvedD. thanked7. A. looked upB. reached outC. held onD. gave in8 A. qu
8、ietB. coldC. smallD. empty9. A. promisingB. puzzlingC. amazingD. pressing10. A. purposeB. freedomC. hopeD. guidance第二节语法填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分）【1题详解】考杳名词词义辨析。句意：虽然计划没有成功，但Ella经常发现自己在想那个孩子。A.plan计划；B. job工作；C. way 方式； D. task 任务。根据Ella first became aware of foster care when her parents were considerin
9、g adopting a child.” 可知，Ella的父母考虑收养一个孩子。故推知想要收养一个孩子是Ella父母的计划，故选A。【2题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我和我的家人真的很亲近，无法想象在18岁时要完全靠自己，”她说。A. occasionally 偶尔地；B. completely 完全地；C. frequently 频繁地；D. slightly 稍微地。根据“Ella first became aware of fbstcr care when her parents were considering adopting a child.及“Im really close
10、with my family”可知,Ella 和家人很亲近，直到 父母说收养一个孩子时，她才意识到要离开父母，一个人生活。故推知Ella此前完全没有想过在18岁时，要完全 靠自己，故选B。【3题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，Ella访问了儿童服务中心，并列出了一系列问题，试图了解长大了是什么样子。A. explain 解释；B. understand了解：C. expect 期待；D. recall 回想，回忆起。根据“Tm really close with my family, and just couldnt imagine being 2 on my own at 18,“ sh
11、e says.”及“One question was “Whats not being 4 for these young people?”.可知，Ella没有独自生活过，所以通过提问题，来了解长大后的样子，故选B。【4题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个问题是“年轻人没有遇见过什么事情？ A. met遇见；B. built建造；C. meant意味 着；D. kept 继续。根据上文“Tm really close with my family, and just couldnt imagine being 2 on my own at 18,“ she says.“可知，Ella从未想象离
12、开父母，自己独自生活。故推知Ella不知道独自生活后会遇到什么事，所以她 想知道，年轻人没有遇见过什么事情？故选A。【5题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ella联系了她父母的朋友，问他们是否有闲置的家具可以捐赠。A.arrange安排；B. sell 卖;C. fix 安装;D. donate 捐赠。根据下文“As word has got out, Ella has received donations from more and more people.”可知，这些床等家具都是别人捐的，故选D。【6题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，她成立了 Chair-ity,这是一个非营利组织，为离
13、开寄养的年轻人提供家具。A.left 离开；B. found 发现；C. improved 改善；D. thanked 感谢。tffi4tLater, Ella visited Children Services, with a list of questions, trying to 3 what aging out looked like.”可知，Ella想要了解离开寄养的年轻人是什么样子，并要帮助 他们。故此处Ella想为离开寄养的年轻人提供家具，故选A。【7题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意:当汉娜联系Chair-ily时,EHa问她需要什么。“一切，”她回答。A. looked up找;
14、B. reached out 联系；C. held on 抓紧；D. gave in 屈服。根据Ella remembers I lannah, a former foster care girl who couldnt afford any furniture.可知，汉娜买不起任何家具，希望得到帮助，所以联系能捐赠她家具的Chair-ity,故选B。【8题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她发现她曾经空荡荡的公寓里有一套齐全的厨房设备，一张床和一张桌子时，她 说：“这真的减轻了我的压力。A. quiet安静的；B. cold冷的;C. small小的;D. empty空的。根据上文“When
15、Hannah 7 to Chair-ity, Ella asked what she needed. ”Everything,“ she replied.“可知，汉娜需要所有的东西，故推 知她的新房子是空的，什么都没有，故选D。【9题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“想到多年来从未想过的事情可以给某人带来如此多的幸福，真是太令人惊喜了，”Ella说。A. promising有希望的,有前途的;B. puzzling使人困惑的：C. amazing令人惊奇的，令人惊喜的;D. pressing 紧迫的。根据上文“When she found her once 8 apartment stood
16、a full kitchen set, a bed, and a table, she said, “It really relieved my pressure.”可知，Chair-ity将家具摆满空荡荡的汉娜家，减轻了汉娜的压力，为她的生活带 来了希望和幸福。故推知为他人捐赠家具会带给人幸福和惊喜，故选C。【10题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她相信这些捐献物给这些年轻人带来了希望和信心。A. purpose意图；B. freedom fl由；C. hope 希望；D. guidance 指导。根据“When she found her once 8 apartment stood a f
17、ull kitchen set, a bed, and a table, she said, “It really relieved my pressure.“可知,Chair-ity将家具摆满空荡荡的汉娜家,减轻了汉娜的压 力，为她的生活带来了希望。故捐赠物给年轻人带来了生活的希望和信心。故选C。第二节语法填空(共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号 内所给词的正确形式填空。A few weeks ago, I accidentally dropped a plate and it brok
18、e into a billion pieces! Td had it fbr about 40 years. This morning, we had a parcel11 (deliver) to my son. He opened it and 12 (proud) handed a new plate to me,which he had bought with his own savings, saying (hat he knew13upset I was and wanted to surprise me!【II13题答案】【答案】.delivered12. proudlyhow【
19、解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者的儿子为了让作者开心，用自己攒的钱给作者买了一个新盘子。【11题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：今天早上，我们收到了一个寄给儿子的包裹。分析句子结构可知，此处要填非谓语动词， 在句中作定语；根据句意，所填词deliver与空格前名词parcel之间是被动的关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填 delivered o【12题详解】考查副词。句意：他打开它，骄傲地递给我一个新的盘子，这是他用自己的积蓄买的，说他知道我有多烦恼，想给 我一个惊喜！分析句子结构，可知此处应该填副词，在句中作状语修饰动词handed (递交)。故填proudly。【13题详解】考查感叹
20、句和连词。句意：他打开盘子，骄傲地递给我i个新的盘子，这是他用自己的积蓄买的，说他知道我有多 生气，想给我一个惊喜！分析句子结构，可知此处考查感叹句；由空格后结构upsel可知，此处符合“how+adj.+主 谓! ”的结构。故填how。B阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号 内所给词的正确形式填空。On 15 May, 2021, China became the second country 14 (land) a spacecraft on Mars. The rover, Zhurong,15 (carry) to Mar
21、s on board the Tianwen I spacecraft, which was launched in July 2020. Equipped with cameras and a radar, Zhurongs task was to search for signs of life. It 16 (work) on Mars surface for over ten months and is in good shape.【1416题答案】【答案】14. to land15. was carriedhas worked【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。2021年5月15日，中
22、国成为第二个在火星上着陆航天器的国家。2020年7月，中国 发射了“天文学家一号探测器，将探测器“祝融”送上火星。祝荣的任务是寻找生命的迹象，他身上装有摄像机和雷 达。它已经在火星表面工作了十个多月，状态良好。【14题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：中国是第二个发送载人飞船上火星的国家。“the+序数词+to do sth”译为“第几个做什么事情 的“，动词不定式作后置定语。故填t。land。【15题详解】考查时态语态。句意：祝融探测器被天问一号宇宙飞船带上火星。主句中没有谓语动词，所以carry考虑作谓语动 词。主语The rover, Zhurong祝融探测器，宾语the Tianwen 1
23、spacecraft天问一号宇宙飞船，谓语动词carry,探测器 是被宇宙飞船带上去的，主谓之间的关系是被带，所以用被动语态，又考虑到时过去时态，故填was carried。【16题详解】考查时态。句意：它已经在火星表面工作超过10个月，并且状态良好。本句话中没有谓语动词，所以work作谓语 动词。句子中“fbr over ten months”(超过10个月)表示一段时间，考虑用完成时态；and表示并列，后边的谓语动 词is用的是一般现在时态，所以用现在完成时态，又考虑到主语是it,所以用第三人称单数形式，故填hasworked 0C阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写
24、1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号 内所给词的正确形式填空。COP26, known as Conferences of the Parties”, was the latest in a series of 17 (meeting) bringing together governments to protect (he environment. Its main goal was to lake measures 18climate change-longterm changes in world weather patterns that arc linked to human
25、activities including farming, industry and transport. Gases such as carbon dioxide, 19 arc produced by these activities, trap heat in Earths atmosphere and cause temperatures to rise, 2() (lead) to extreme floods, heatwaves and storms.【1720题答案】【答案】17. meetings18. againstwhich 20. leading【解析】【导语】本文是说
26、明文。文章介绍了“缔约方大会”主要目标是采取措施应对气候变化世界气候模式的长期变化 与包括农业、工业和交通在内的人类活动有关。由这些活动产生的气体，如二氧化碳，将热量困住在地球大气中， 导致温度上升，导致极端洪水、热浪和风暴。【17题详解】考查名词。句意：第二十六次缔约方大会是一系列政府为保护环境而召开的会议中最新的一次。a series of表示“一 系列“，后面加名词复数,故填meetings。【18题详解】考查介词。句意：它的主要目标是采取措施应对气候变化一世界气候模式的长期变化与包括农业、工业和交通在 内的人类活动有关。介词against表示“对抗，应对“，故填against。【19题
27、详解】考查定语从句。句意：由这些活动产生的气体，如二氧化碳，将热量困住在地球大气中，导致温度上升，导致极端 洪水、热浪和风暴。先行词是Gases,在定语从句中做主语，指代物，用which引导非限制性定语从句。故填 which o【20题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：被由这些活动产生的气体，如二氧化碳，将热量困住在地球大气中，导致温度上升，导致 极端洪水、热浪和风暴。此处表示一种自然而然的结果，用现在分词做结果状语。故填leading。第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂
28、黑。AThe Great Wall Marathon is designed to be more than just a race. We want you to be able to run in amazing places, surrounded by friendly people, and exposed to new cultural experiences. Its not just about the raceits about enjoying time together with family, friends, and other running minded spir
29、its.Itinerary17 May 2023 Welcome to Jizhou. Tianjin18 May 2023 Route Inspection Day19 May 2023 Relaxation in Jizhou with tour option20 May 2023 Race Day21 May 2023 Explore Beijing & Evening Celebration Party22 May 2023 Farewell ChinaOn Route Inspection Day, the Race Officials will provide you with a
30、 Race Briefing, which will cover everything from a weather forecast to a brief presentation of the start/finish procedures. All runners are expected to walk the 3.5 km section of the wall that is part of the marathon, half-marathon and 8.5 km Fun Run course. Race Officials and Medical Staff will be
31、present to answer any questions you may have.Rules & RegulationsFull marathon runners must be at least 18 years old on Race Day. Half-marathon runners must be at least 16 years old. Fun Run participants must be al least 12 years old. Fun Run participants under the age of 12 are also welcome so long
32、as they are accompanied by a runner aged 16 or above.The cut-off time for all distance events is 8 hours. All runners with a net finishing time slower than 8 hours will receive a FNT (Finished No Time) on the result list.If you decide to change distances during the race, i.e. if a half-marathon runn
33、er decides to follow ihe marathon route, he or she will receive a certificate but not an official time. The race result will read FNT. The same applies to a marathon runner who changes distances during the race. All runners who change distances before Race Day will be registered accordingly and rece
34、ive an official time.Visa Information6 8 weeks prior to the race you will receive the service voucher which you can use for acquiring a visa. For more details, please visit us online at .21. What will participants do on Route Inspection Day?A. Enjoy the Fun Run.B. Join in a 3.5 km walk.C. Get medica
35、l insurance.D. Attend a training course.22. According to the rules, full marathon participants.A. will receive a FNT on the result listC. should be at least 12 years old23. What is the purpose of (he passage?A. To advertise a sport event.C. To introduce a marathon camp.【2123题答案】【答案】21. B 22. B 23. A
36、B. can change distances on Race Day.D. will be awarded medalsB. To promote a cultural tour.D. To publicize a place of interest.【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了长城马拉松比赛，包括比赛的行程、规则和条例以及签证信息。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题 Itinerary 中的内容“AH runners are expected to walk the 3.5 km section of the wall that is part of the mara
37、thon, half-marathon and 8.5 km Fun Run course.（所有的参赛者都将在马拉松、半程马拉松和8.5公里的趣味 跑中走完这段3.5公里长的城墙。）”可知，参加者在路线检查日会参加3.5公里的步行。故选B项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题 Rules & Regulations 中第三段中的第一句力f you decide to change distances during the race, i.e. if a half-marathon runner decides to follow the marathon route, he or she
38、will receive a certificate but not an official time.（如果你决定在比赛中改变距离，也就是说，如果一个半程马拉松选手决定沿着马拉松路线跑，他或她将收到一个 证书，但不是官方的时间。）”可知，按照规定，全程马拉松参赛者可以在比赛的过程中改变距离。故选B项。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据第段内容“The Great Wall Marathon is designed to be more than just a race. We want you to be able （o run in amazing places, surrounded by
39、friendly people, and exposed to new cultural experiences. Its not just about the raceits about enjoying time together with family, friends, and other running minded spirits.（长城马拉松的设计不仅仅 是场比赛。我们希望您能够在令人惊叹的地方跑步，周围都是友好的人，并接触到新的文化体验。这不仅仅是关 于比赛，而是关于与家人、朋友和其他有跑步精神的人一起享受时光。）”可知，这篇文章的目的是宣传本次的马 拉松比赛，吸引人报名参与。
40、因此A项“为体育赛事做广告”符合。故选A项。BRene Compean was no stranger to Angeles National Forest. Heki hiked the park numerous times. But when hiking along a new path, the 45-ycar-old was lost.As the day faded into darkness, his concern turned to fear. With only a little water in his backpack and 10% battery remainin
41、g on his cellphone, Compean was unprepared for anything more than the two-hour trip hed planned.Compean climbed to a spot where he found one bar of signal. USOS. My phone is going to die. Im lost, he texted a friend, attaching a photo showing where he was. The shot showed his legs hanging over a roc
42、k face. All Compean could do then was wait. The temperature was dropping fast. Dressed only in shorts, and a sweatshirt, the hiker was chilled to the bone. He hugged himself into a tight ball. And after spotting two mountain lions, he spent （he night on high alert.Sixty miles away, Ben Kuo was worki
43、ng at home when he read a posting from the police, showing an image of a mans legs. The search-and-rescue teams had spent the previous night unsuccessfully looking fbr Compean, so they released the photo, hoping someone might recognize the location.44Fve always loved looking fbr where photos are tak
44、en,“ Kuo says. He frequently tries to identify where movie scenes or commercials were filmed. He,s often successful. When he saw the image, he automatically pulled up a satellite map on his laptop. Theres an amazing amount of information you can get from satellites, he says. The first thing he notic
45、ed in Cotnpcans photo was plenty of greenery. After comparing it to the satellite map, Kuo realized something: Hes got to be on the south side because therere not any green valleys on the north side.”That finding led him to an area that looked like the territory in the image. The final step was cros
46、s- referencing the original photo with 3-D images of the area. The locations matched!After spending 27 hours in the wilderness, Compean was found.Compean5s story probably would have ended differently had it not been fbr the man with strong satellite skills and a sharp eye for detail.24. What caused
47、Compean to get lost on the hike?A. The thick forest.B. The unfamiliar route.D. Low battery on the phone.C. The coming of nightfall.25. Kuo was able to offer help because ofA. his photo reading abilityB. his sense of responsibilityC. his professional experienceD. his familiarity with the areaWhat can
48、 we learn from this story?A. One good turn deserves another.B. Chance favors the prepared mind.C. Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.D. Theres no such thing as useless knowledge.【2426题答案】【答案】24. B 25. A 26. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲的是Rene Compean在洛杉矶国家森林公园迷路了，Ben Kuo通过对比照片和 卫星地图找到了 ReneCompean）【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“But when hiking along a new path, the 45-ycar-old was lost.（但当他沿着一条新路径徒步 时，45岁的他迷路了。）,可知，不熟悉的路线使Compean在徒步旅行中迷路，故选B。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Tve always loved looking for where photos are taken/