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1、初中英语120个易错词汇详细辨析（提升英语成绩的好习 惯）clothes, cloth, clothingclothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数，cloth指布， 为不可数名词clothing服装的总称，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article ofincident, accidentincident指小事件，accident指不幸的事故 He was killed in the accident.1. amountf numberamount后接不可数名词，number后接可数名词 a number of studentsfamilyf house, homehome
2、家，包括住处和家人，house房子，住宅，family家 庭成员。My family is a happy one.2. soundf voicef noisesound自然界各种各样的声音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪 音 I hate the loud noise outside.3. photo, picture, drawingnone强调有多少，nothing, no one强调有没有，nothing 指物，no one 指人-How many ./ How much .?None.60e anyonef any oneanyone指人，不能接 of, any one指人物均可，
3、可接 of any one of youwhof whatwho指姓名或关系，what指职业或地位 What is your dad? He is a teacher.61. whatf whichwhat的选择基础是无限制的，which在一定范围内进行选 择Which do you prefer, bananas or apples?62. otherf anotherother后接名词复数，another后接名词单数 other students, another studentnot a little, not a bitnot a little 非常，not a bit 一点也不 Im
4、 not a bittired.我一点儿也不累。63. manyf much, a lot of10many和可数名词连用，much和不可数名词连用，a lot of可数，不可数均可，但不用于否定句I havent many books.64. much more . than, many more thanmuch more . than后接形容词或不可数名词，many more . than 后接可数名词 many more people, much more water, much more beautifulno, notno = not a/any no friend = not a
5、/any friend no water 二 not any water689 no more than, not more thanno more than 相当于 only, 仅仅，只有，not more than至多，不超过majorityf mostmajority只能修饰可数名词，most可数不可数均可the majority of peopleby oneself, for oneself, to oneself, of oneselfby oneself单独的，独自的，for oneself为自己，to oneself供自己用的，of oneself自行的，自动的The door
6、 opened of itself.69. at all, after allat all 根本，全然，after all 到底，毕竟 After all he is achild.ii70. tall, hightall常指人或动物，high常指物体 He is tall.71. fast, quicklyfast侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点，quickly侧 重指某事完成或发生的快run fast, answer the question quicklyhigh, highlyhigh具体的高，highly抽象的高,高度的think highly ofhealthy, health
7、fulhealthy健康的，健壮的，healthful有益于健康的 healthful exercise72. sleeping, asleep, sleepysleeping正在睡觉，asleep睡着，熟睡，只能做表语， sleepy 困的， 有睡意的 a sleeping baby The baby is asleep. Im sleepy.73. gold, goldengold指真金制品，golden指金色的，但金鱼用 gold fish, a gold ringmostf mostlymost用于表感受的肯定句中，相当于 very,当大部分， 大多数解时是形容词或名词，mostly大
8、部分，是副词 most people, the people are mostly .1274. just, veryjust表强调时是副词，作状语，very表强调时是形容词，用 作定语 the very man, just the manwidef broadwide侧重于一边到另一边的距离，broad侧重于幅面的宽 广 broad shouldersrealf truereal真的，真实的，指的是事实上存在而不是想象的，true真 的，真正的，指的是事实和实际情况相符合real gold, a true story75. respectful, respectablerespectful尊
9、敬，有礼貌，respectable可敬的，值得尊敬 的 be respectful to the agedoutwards, outward二者均可用作副词，表示向外，外面，outward还可用作形 容词 an outward voyagepleasant, pleased, pleasingpleasant常用作定语，pleased, pleasing常用作表语， pleased主语常为人，pleasing主语常为物 a pleasant trip The trip is pleasing.76. understanding, understandable13understanding明白事
10、理的，能体谅的，understandable可 理解的，能够懂的 an understanding girl, an understandable mistakeclose, closelyclose接近，靠近，closely紧紧地，紧密地 closely connected, stand closeill, sick川做表语，sick定，表均可 a sick boygoodf wellgood形容词，well副词，但指身体状况是形容词 He is well again.77. quiet, silentf stillquiet安静的，可以发出小的声音，silent不发出声音，但 可以动，st
11、ill完全不动，完全无声响He stand there still.他站在那儿，一动不动，也不说话。78. hard, hardlyhard 努力，hardly 几乎不 work hard, I can hardly believe it.79. able, capableable与不定式 to do连用，capable与 of连用 He is capable of doing .80. almost nearly14二者均为几乎，差不多和否定词连用用almostalmost nobody81. late, latelylate 迟，晚，lately 最近，近来 I haven seen hi
12、m lately.82. living, alive, live, livelyliving, alive, live均为活着的，living定表均可，alive定表 均可，定语后置，live只能做定语，lively意为活波的all the living people = all the peopleexcited, excitingexcited使人兴奋的，exciting令人兴奋的Im excited. The news is exciting.83. deepf deeplydeep具体的深，deeply抽象的深，深深地 deeply moved, dig deepaloudf loud
13、aloud出声地，loud大声地 read aloud （出声地读）worthf worthy二者均为值得，worth 后接 doing, worthy 后接 to be donecatch a cold, have a coldcatch a cold不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，而 havea cold可以15She has had a cold for a week.84. change forf change intochange for 调换成，change into 变成Change the shirt for a bigger one. Water changes into ic
14、e.85. continue, last二者均为持续，continue主动，被动均可，last只能用主动The war continued/lasted five years. The story is to be continued.86. feedf raisefeed 喂养，养活，饲养(to give food to), raise 饲养， 养育 (cause to grow, bring up children)raise the family87. go for a doctor, go to a doctorgo for a doctor 去请医生，go to a doctor 去
15、看病88. notice, observef catch sight ofnotice注意到，observe观察，仔细地看，catch sight of突 然看到 observe the starsinsist onf stick toinsist on坚持要求，后常接 doing, stick to坚持，后常 接 sth., stick to the planIookf seem, appear16look指从外表上看，seem指内心的判断，appear指给人以表面的印象 appear wise, look like his father89. gather, collectgather把分
16、散的东西集中到一起，collect指精心地、有选择地进行收集 collect stampsmean to do, mean doingmean to do打算，想要做某事，mean doing意思是，意 味着By this I mean giving the students more practice.90. die fromf die ofdie from表示死于（枪）伤，虚弱，过度劳累，饮食过度等， die of表示死于疾病，饥饿，寒冷，年老，忧愁，失恋等精神因 素 die of hunger and coldpay forf pay back, pay offpay for为付钱，pa
17、y back还钱，但不一定还清，pay off还 清 pay for the book, pay off the debtdivide, separatedivide把一个整体分成几部分，separate把连在一起的个 体分开divide the apple, separate the houses91. arrivef getf reach17arrive后接in （大地点），at（小地点），get不及物动词后接 to, reach及物动词arrive in Beijing, get to Beijing, reach Beijing92. growf plantgrow使某种植物在某地生长
18、着或使其发展下去，plant移 植，移栽已经长成秧苗的植物plant the trees, trees are growing93. manage, trymanage to do设法做成了某事，try to do尽力去做某事但 不一定成功He tried to pass the exam, but he failed.94. choosef selectchoose凭个人的判断力进行选择，select有目的地仔细认 真地选择choose the best answer95. build, put up, set up, foundbuild一般用语，建成，put up临时搭建，set up建
19、成（内 部的设施基本齐全），found国家或组织的建成 put up a tent, set up a schoolbe familiar tof be familiar withbe familiar to某物对某人来说是熟悉的，be familiarwith某人熟悉某物18The book is familiar to me. Tm familiar with the book.96. agree withf agree tof agree onagree with同意某人，agree to同意某事，agree on在. 上达成一致意见，主语是复数 agree with you, agre
20、e to the planthrow tof throw atthrow to 扔至ij, throw at 朝 扔 He throw a stoneat me.97. receive, acceptreceive收到某一东西，但不一定接受，accept接受I received a gift, but I didnt accept it.提升英语成绩的好习惯1 .将英语真正融入日常生活。不要学英语，而要生活在英语 当中。2 .把难单词、难句子制成卡片。放到自己可以接触到的地方, 帮助自己随时记忆。3 .睁开眼睛的第一件事就是“大声喊英语”。喊出一天的活力 和辉煌。喊出一天的充实和成功。4 .平
21、时说英语、练英语的时候一定要元音特别饱满。这样可 以训练自己的非凡气质。19photo用照相机拍摄的照片，picture可指相片，图片，电影片，drawing画的画Lets go and see a good picture.7. vocabulary, wordvocabulary词汇，一个人拥有的单词量，word具体的单 词 He has a large vocabulary.8. populationf peoplepopulation 人口，人数，people 具体的人 China has a large population.9. weatherf climateweather 一天
22、内具体的天气状况，climate长期的气候状况The climate here is not good for you.10. road, street pathf wayroad具体的公路，马路，street街道，path小路，小径， way道路，途径take this road; in the street, Show me the way to the museum.11. coursef subjectcourse课程（可包括多门科目），subject科目（具体的学科）a summer coursecustomf habit5 .看到的、听到的，都尝试翻译成英文。随时随地训练自己 的“
23、口译能力”。6 .随时随地携带单词本。收集好单词、好句子、好文章。尤 其是名言警句。7 .乘公交或者地铁的时候可以将卡片拿出来阅读。这是最有 效的学习方法。有计划地刻意练习8 .，四个一，原则：每当读英语或说英语的时候，都做到一抬 头、一挺胸、一收小腹、一用力。这样，我的英语马上就会变得 地道、好听。9 .有空就练习辅音。要想说一口流利的英语，就必须做到： 元音饱满悦耳、辅音准确清晰。比如，经常拿一张纸放在嘴巴前 面苦练爆破音：newspaper,popular,possibleo经常咬下嘴唇，苦 练v这个音，夸张地朗读drive,vegetable,five等单词。10 .尽量多地听录音。这
24、是最有效、最便宜的学习方法。听 得越多，语感就越好。而且你的英语发音就越好听。11 . “每天有计划的训练自己的“翻译能力”。学习英语的最高 目标就是：中英文自由转换。这也是社会最需要的能力，当然这 也是为你自己创造最大价值的能力。这个能力很难获得，一定要 每天坚持练习。先准确翻译单词，然后是句子，其次是短文。12 .收集好文章。将所有让自己心动的文章反复朗读，最好能脱口而出。因为只有背诵课文才是征服英语的最终解决之路。20养成良好的学英语习惯13 .要养成一种伟大的习惯：善于利用一天当中大量的被 忽略的、被浪费的一分钟、两分钟。你一旦有了这个伟大的习 惯，你的一天将是别人的两天，甚至三天。1
25、4 .要养成随身携带英语书的习惯。在窗边、厨房、客厅, 甚至厕所都放了英语书，快速看上一两分钟就足够了。什么都 怕天天做，什么都怕坚持。15 .要养成热爱丢脸的习惯。管它说好说坏，只管疯狂地 说。只有这样才会越说越好。You must enjoy losing face!16 .忘掉谦虚。卖弄得越多，记忆得越牢。17 .疯狂收集和掌握成语。英语的一个难点就是习惯用语, 也可以称为习语。现在就送你一个：get on onesnerves,意思 是让某人很烦”。请脱口而出这个句子：That noise get son my nerveso （那噪音让我心烦。）18 .第一句不能脱口而出，坚决不学第
26、二句。这又是一个 伟大的习惯。刚开始的时候，进度可能比较慢，但一定要坚持, 因为这样做会为自己打下坚实的基础。19.把每天坚持朗读英 语当成训练自己意志力的一个办法。这种训练一举两得：既让 自己变得更有意志，而且顺便讲了一口流利的英语。20 .每天都赞扬自己的记忆力。自己的语言模仿能力，自 己的天赋。不要给自己的负面思想留下任何空间。从今天开始 养成这个习惯。2121 .永远记住：重复就是力量。我们学不好英语，做不好 工作的原因就是重复得远远不够。为了训练自己的英语功力和 耐心，请你每个月都做这样一件事情：把一篇文章每天朗读三 次，每次三遍，连续一个月。奇迹一定会发生。你的发音、语 感，你的记
27、忆力、理解力都会得到提升。22custom传统风俗，习俗，也可指生活习惯，后接to do, habit生活习惯，习惯成自然，后接of doing.Fve got the habit of drinking a lot.13. cause, reasoncause指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因，后接of sth./doing sth, reason用来解释某种现象或结果的理由，后 接 for sth./doing sth. the reason for being lateexercise, exercises, practiceexercise运动，锻炼（不可数）,exercises练习（可数
28、）， practice（反复做的）练习。Practice makes perfect.14. classf lesson作课解时，两者可以替换。指课文用lesson.指班级或全体学生用 class. Lesson 6; Class 5speechf talk, lecturespeech指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说， talk日常生活中的一般的谈话，讲话，lecture学术性的演讲， 讲课 a series of lecture on officer, officialofficer 部队的军官，official 政府官员 an army officerworkf job二者均指工
29、作。work不可数，job可数 a good jobocouple, paircouple主要指人或动物，pair多指由两部分组成的东西a pair of trouserscountry, nation, state, landcountry侧重指版图，疆域，nation指人民，国民，民族， state侧重指政府，政体，land国土，国家The whole nation was sad at the news.15. cook, cookercook 厨师,cooker 厨具 He is a good cook.16. damage, damagesdamage不可数名词，损害，损失；dama
30、ges复数形式，赔 偿金 $900 damagespolice, policemanpolice警察的总称，后接复数谓语动词，policeman指某个 具体的警察 The police are questioningeveryone in the house.17. problem, questionproblem常和困难连系，前面的动词常为think about, solve, raise, question 常和疑问连系，多和 ask, answer 连用。18. manf a manman 人类，a man 一个男人 Man will conquer nature.19. chick,
31、chicken二者均可指小鸡，chicken还可以当鸡肉 The chicken is delicious.20. telegram, telegraph当电报解时，telegram指具体的，telegraph指抽象的a telegram, by telegraphtrip, journey, travelf voyagetravel是最常用的，trip指短期的旅途，journey指稍长的 旅途，voyage 指海上航行 a three-day tripsportf gamesport多指户外的游戏或娱乐活动，如打球，游泳，打猎， 赛马等;game指决定胜负的游戏，通常有一套规则His fav
32、orite sport is swimming.21. price, prizeprice 价格，prize 奖，奖品，奖金 win the first prize The price is high/low.22. a number off the number ofa number of许多，谓语动词用复数。the number of .的 数 目,谓语动词用单数。The number of students is increasing.23. in front off in the front ofin front of范围外的前面，in the front of范围内的前 面 In t
33、he front of the room sits a boy.24. of the dayf of a dayof the day每一天的，当时的，当代的，of a day暂时的，不长久的 a famous scientist of the daythree of us, the three of usthree of us我们（不止三个）中的三个，the three of us我们 三个（就三个人）The three of us-Tom, Jack and I went to the cinema.25. by bus, on the busby bus表手段，方式，不用冠词，on the
34、 bus表范围 They went there by bus.26. for a momentf for the momentfor a moment 片亥ij, 一会儿，for the moment 暂时，一 时 Thinking for a moment, he agreed.27. next yearf the next yearnext year明年，将来时间状语，the next year第二年，过 去将来时间状语He said he would go abroad the next year.28. more than a yearf more than one yearmore
35、than a year 一年多，more than one year 超过一年 （两年或三年等）take advice, take the（ones） advicetake advice 征求意见，take the advice 接受忠告 He refused to take the advice and failed again.29. take air, take the airtake air传播，走漏，take the air到户外去，散步 We take the air every day.30. in a word, in wordsin a word 总之，一句话，in word
36、s 口头上 In a word,you are right.31. in place off in the place ofin place of 代替，in the place of 在地方 A new building is built in the place of the old one.32. in secret in the secretin secret秘密地，暗自地，偷偷地，一般用作状语;in the secret知道内情，知道秘密，一般用作表语My mother was in the secret from the beginning.33. a girl, one girl
37、a girl可泛指所有女孩，one girl 一个女孩 Can one girl carry such a big box?34. take a chairf take the chairtake a chair 相当于 sit down 坐下，take the chair 开始 开会go to sea, by sea, by the seago to sea出航或是当水手，by sea经海路，by the sea在海边35. wear, put on, dresswear和 dress表状态，wear接衣服等，可用进行时，dress接 人，be dressed in, put on 表动作I
38、ts cold outside. Put on your warm clothes.36. listen, hearlisten 强调动作，hear 强调结果 I listened, but I heard nothing.37. care about, care forcare about关心，计较，在乎，一般多用于否定句中;care for关心，照料，喜欢，愿意He doesnt care about his clothes. I dont care for movies.38. in charge off in the charge ofin charge of 管理，负责照料， in
39、the charge of 由照料He is in charge of the matter.The matter is in the charge of her.39. in class, in the classin class 在课上，in the class 在班级里 He is the best student in the class.40. on fire, on the fireon fire 着火，on the fire 在火上 Put the food on the fire. The house is on fire.41. out of question, out of
40、 the questionout of question 毫无疑问的，out of the question 不可能 的a second, the seconda second 又一，再一，the second 第 He won thesecond prize.42. by dayf by the dayby day 白天，by the day 按天计算 The workers are paid by the day.43. the people, a peoplethe people 指人，a people 指民族 The Chinese is a peace-loving people.44. itf oneit 同一物体，one 同类不同一 I lost my pen. I have to buy a new one.45. that, thisthat指代上文所提到的，this导出下文所要说的Iwas ill.Thats why .46. nonef nothing, no one