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1、2022湖南省衡阳市市第二十中学高三英语上学期期末试题含解析一、选择题This is Spring vacation, so I want to from housework-atleast for a while.A. come outB. stay upC. turn offD.get away参考答案：D-Do you have enough to all your daily expenses?Oh, yes, enough and to spare.A. containB. affordC.coverD. include参考答案：C略1. Susan was busy when we
2、 went to see her yesterday morning. She some guestsfrom Australia.A. received B. was receiving C. had received D. has been receiving 参考答案：BThe project is to educate teens on the rules of safe driving and the severe that canresult if those rules are not followed.A. contributionB. outcomeC. consequenc
3、eC. consequenceD. punishment54. A. itselfB. myselfC. herselfD. himself55. A. offB. onC. InD. up56.A. almostB. againC.evenD. still57.A. attentionB. experienceC. knowledgeD.respect58. A. gotB. givenC. foundD. put59. A. successfulB. deepestC. difficultD. valuable60. A. courageB. desireC. goalD. teacher
4、参考答案：41-45.AABDA 46-50.CCBDB 51-55.DCABA 56-60.CABDB【文章大意】本文是一篇小故事。作者和同学们参加夏令营，为了炫耀，男孩子全部从山 坡上爬上山，女孩子则从台阶走上去，作者犹豫再三最终从山坡爬上去，结果在翻越篱笆 时摔在了蜂窝上，最后弄得非常尴尬。41. A根据下文Take the stairs. or jump the fence 可知有两种选择:从台阶上走上去， 或翻越篱笆过去，此处是说女孩们都从混凝土台阶上去，故选A。42. A根据后面bravely 词，可知在我前面的男孩们亳不害怕地翻过了篱笆，故选A。43. B look after照
5、顾；look like看起来像;care about关心；wait for等待：根据语境可知 此处应表示-看起来像个女生似的走台阶上去，故选BoD像女孩儿似的走台阶，还是跳过篱笆看起来非常酷？故选De44. A根据常识可知我把双手放在篱笆上，然后跳。故选A。45. (2(713心让成功。根据后文可知我没有成功，故选C。46. C caught on卡在.上。根据句意可知我的脚卡在了篱笆上。故选C。47. B laugh off 一笑了之。根据句意可知我想对这个意外一笑了之。故选B。48. D根据上文可知我背部朝下摔了下去，所以此处应为在我的下面有东西在动，故选D。49. B driving驾驶
6、；flying飞；shooting射击；running跑;就在这时，我看到数百只蜜蜂 朝我飞过来，故选B。50. D sat坐；put放：picked捡：jumped；根据常识作者躺在了蜂巢匕 应立即跳起来赶 紧跑，故选D。51. C difficult困难的;hopeless失望的;embarrassing令人尴尬的;pleasing令人高兴 的；根据常识可知这是一件令人尴尬的事。故选c。52. A根据上文可知作者被蜜蜂追，所以衣服上应满是蜜蜂。故A正确。53. B根据句意可知作者在帐篷里停了下来（不再跑了），故选B。54. A take off脱下衣服，句意：老师快速脱下了我的衣服，故选A
7、。55. C almost几乎；again再一次；even甚至；still仍然；此处表达程度，蜜蜂甚至从我嘴 里飞出去，故选C。56. A anenrioQ Ji cpoknce经历：knoMHge知识，respect尊重i根据常识应是我得到了所有露富者 的关注,故选儿B give丈a bee stmg蛭组一下某人.在这里用了獴动，我械药了近40下.故选B.57. D sucessfiil成功的：deepest最深的t difficultvaluable有价值的；根据句意应为我学到了非常有价值的一课,故选D.58. B courage长即 遥望；goal目标,teackr老师,句意我们艘修端的
8、欲望驱使时.故选B.三、阅读理解21.Baekeland and Hartmann report that the short sleepers had beenmore or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in their teens. But at about age 15 Or so, the men voluntarily began cutting down their nightly sleep time because of pressures from school, work, and other a
9、ctivities. These men tended to regard their nightly periods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines.In general, these short sleepers appeared ambitious, active, energetic and cheerful. They stuck to their opinions, and were very sure about their job choices.They often
10、held several jobs at once, or worked full-or part-time while going to school. And many of them had a strong urge to appear normal or acceptable to their friends and colleagues.When asked to remember their dreams, the short sleepers did poorly. More than this, they seemed to prefer not remembering. S
11、imilarly, their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was not to admit that the problem existed, and then to keep busy in the hope that the trouble would go away.The sleep patterns of the short sleepers were similar to, but less extreme than, sleep patterns shown by many mental patients c
12、ategorized as manic （躁狂者）.The long sleepers were quite different indeed. Baekeland and Hanmann report that these young men have been lengthy sleepers since childhood. They seemed to enjoy their sleep, protected it, and were quite concerned when sometimes they didnt have their desired 9 hours of nigh
13、tly bed rest. They tended to remember their dreams much better than the short sleepers. Many of the long sleepers were shy, anxious, quiet, nervous, passive, mildly depressed, and unsure of themselves （particularly in social situations） . Several openly stated that sleep was an escape from their dai
14、ly problems.63. From the passage, we can leam that .A. short sleepers need less sleep by natureB. long sleepers sleep a longer period of time during the dayC. many long sleepers preserve their sleeping habit formed during their childhoodD. many short sleepers have to reduce their nightly sleep time
15、because of busy workMany short sleepers are likely to hold the view that.A. sleep is a good way to escape from the realityB. sleep is not so important as their daily activitiesC. sleep affects their judgment on some important thingsD. sleep is the best way to deal with psychological troublesIt can b
16、e learned from the passage that theshort sleepers.A. do not know how to relax properlyB. are more unlikely to run into mental problemsC. are full of energy even under the pressures of lifeD. often pay little attention to the consequences of inadequate sleepWhen sometimes they cannot enjoy adequate s
17、leep, the long sleepers mightA. appear disturbedB. become energeticC. feel dissatisfiedD. be extremely unhappy参考答案：CBDA参考答案：C- Frequent lack of breakfast does harm to health.-, why do you always do that?A. So whatB. If soC. If anyD. Evenso 参考答案：BB考杳情景交际。句意：一经常不吃早餐对身体有害。一如果是这样的话，那你为什么总 不吃早餐呢?故选Bo so
18、what那又怎样；if any”若有的话,即便要；even so即使如 此。5. . It was not who is right but what is right is of importance.A. whichB. itC.thatD. this参考答案：C略6. Being aware of the of the disaster, some famous stars organized a charity consert to raise money for the victims.A. importance B. severity C. influence D. effect
19、参考答案：BRecently, a survey prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets hascaused heated debate among citizens.D.being comparedA. compared B. comparing C. compares参考答案：7. Not until on TV that the Chinese was rescued by the European Union TaskForce.A. did I turn; did 1 know B. did I turn; 1 k
20、newC. I turned; did I know D. I turned; I had know参考答案：CWed better go downstairs right now for lunch.They serve food 24 hours a day.A. Hurry up! B. Take your time. C. It doesnt matter. D. No way! 参考答案：B略8. If you carry with you the belief that whatever you do is right, its none of mybusiness.A. shou
21、ld B. can C. may D. must参考答案：DBarack Obama has taken personal blame the security failures which ledthe attempt to blow up a plane on Chrismas Day.A. of; to B. for; to C. on; on D. in; on参考答案：B略Do you have a minute? Ive got something to tell you.Ok,you make it short.A. now that B. if only C. so long
22、as D. every time参考答案：Co解析：本题考查引导状语从句的连接词。四个连接词的词义分别是now Ihat既然；if only 要是多好；so long as只要；every time每次，每当。题意为“一你有一会空吗？我有点事告诉你。一可以，只要简而言之。14. In France,you go, you will always see a gentleman holds a door for a lady.A. however B. whoeverC. whereverD. whichever参考答案：CDont be by products promising to mak
23、e you lose weight quickly.A. taken off B. taken outC. taken away D. taken in参考答案：D【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：不要被那些承诺能让你快速减肥的产品所欺骗。take in意为欺骗，表示“不要受许诺很快减肥的产品的欺骗”。take off意为“拿掉，取消，脱衣”；take out意为“拿出，取出，去掉，出发；take away意为取走根据题意,故选D。15. Surely it doesnt matter where the student association get their money from ,
24、what is what they do with it.A. counts B. applies C. stresses D. function参考答案：AThe Browns held they called “family dayonce a year.A. that B. what C. which D. when参考答案：B18.he has made a decision, it is not easy for you to make him change his mind.A. ThoughB. Unless C. Once D. Until参考答案:C二、完型填空19. Now
25、 U.S. researchers have identified a new way to treat people infected with tuberculosis （肺结核）before they get sick.Tuberculosis is one of the worlds most 41 health threats.The World Health Organization says tuberculosis kills nearly two million people each year. Another two billion are42: they are inf
26、ected, but dont have symptoms of the disease. Those at highest risk cantake medicine, but Vanderbilt University researcher Timothy Sterling says not everyone43 with the treatment, which is a daily dose of isoniazid（异烟月井，抗结核药）for nine months. So although the medication is highly effective if people t
27、ake all of their medication, many people do not take all their medication and therefore the effectiveness of the treatment plan is 44 As a（n） 45, Sterling and his colleagues 46 isoniazid with anotherdrug, rifapentine（利福喷汀）.The combination was taken weekly, not daily, for just three months. And the r
28、esults of this study showed that the new treatment plan - the three months of isoniazid and rifapentine- was as effective as the nine-month isoniazid treatment plan. 47 the short-course, three-month treatment plan had higher treatment completion rates and was also well 48.There was some other differ
29、ence. The two-drug, combination treatment was administered as directly 49 therapy. That means the patients took their medicine in the presence of a health care worker, to ensure that they followed the treatment plan. This was a large study, involving 7,500 participants in North America, Spain, and B
30、razil. Sterling 50 that most of the people in this study were HIV-negative. The results might be 51 for HIV-positive people. A recent study in South Africa indicated that the combination therapy works well in people infected with HIV as well as tuberculosis, but the study was too small to be 52Timot
31、hy Sterlings research, published in The New England Journal of Medicine, has been53 by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the CDC. The government health agency recommends the 12-dose weekly combination treatment as an equal alternative to the 270-dose daily treatment plan that has
32、been the 54 therapy. But because of possible 55 issues, the CDC still recommends the daily treatment plan for HIV-positive patients who are taking antiretroviral drugs or women who are pregnant. Also because of a lack of data, the CDC says children under age 12 should stay with the nine-month daily
33、treatment.41. A. public B. persistent C. predictable D. mildA. out of control B. beyond expectation C. without hopeD. under threat42. A. put up B. follow through C. get along D. come upA. decreasedB.maximizedC.measuredD. enhanced43. A. supplementB.substituteC.promotionD. alternativeA. mixed B. repla
34、ced C. associated D. connected44. A. As a resultB.In additionC.In factD. For instanceA. imposed B. tolerated C. cultivatedD. infected45. A. isolated B. implementedC. observedD. requiredA. argues B. suggests C. commands D. warns46. A. inevitable B. negative C. distinct D. indirectA. definiteB.desired
35、C.logicalD. detailed47. A. conducted B. proved C. demonstrated D. approvedA. similarB.uniqueC.standardD. peculiar48. A. personal B.crucialC.age D. safety参考答案：41. B 42. D43. B 44. A 45.D 46. A47. C 48. B 49. C 50. D 51. C 52, A 53.D 54. C 55. D本文属于新闻，介绍结核病是世界上最严重的疾病之一，但是研究人员发现了新的混合疗 法用于肺结核疾病的治疗，效果更佳，
36、但是仍不完善，对于HIV呈阳性的病人治疗时，政 府机构持谨慎态度。【41题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：肺结核是世界上最持久的健康威胁之一。A. public公共的；B. persistent固定的,持久的；C. predictable可预测的;D. mild温和的。根据后文The World Health Organization says tuberculosis kills nearly two million people each year 可知，每 年有大约200万人死于肺结核，故可知该病最持久，故选B。【42题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：还有二十亿人遭受肺结核病的威胁，没有任
37、何症状。A. out of control 摆脱控制;B. beyond expectation 超出期望；C. without hope 没有希望;D. under threat遭受威胁。根据后文没有任何症状可知，遭受威胁，故选D。43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有更高风险患肺结核的人可以服药，但是Vanderbilt University 研究人员Timothy Sterling说不是每个人完成这个治疗，需要连续服药异烟期九个月。A. put up忍受；B. follow through坚持到底；C. get along处理；D. come up提出。根据后文可 知，需要服药九个月，故
38、可知很难坚持到底，故选B。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此治疗的有效性会降低。A. decreased减少，降低；B. maximized 最大化；C. measured 测量；D. enhanced 提升。根据前文 many people do not take all their medication可知,很多人无法服用他们的药,可知效果降低，故选A。45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一种替代性药品，Sterling和他的同事把异烟明与利福喷 汀混合。A. supplement 补充;B. substitute 代替者；C. promotion 促进；D. alternat
39、ive 替代 性用品。根据文章可知，做成一种新药替代之前的药品，故选D。【46题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一种替代性药品，Sterling和他的同事把异烟股与利福喷 汀混合。A. mixed 混合；B. replaced 代替;C. associated 联系；D. connected 连接。根据文 章可知，把两种药相结合，故选A。【47题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：事实上，短期疗程，三个月的治疗在治疗过程中完成率更高， 更容易被患者接受。A. As a result因此;B. In addition另外;C. In fact事实上：D. For instance例如。根据前后句可知
40、，木句讲述短期疗程的好处，故选C。【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，短期疗程，三个月的治疗在治疗过程中完成率更高， 更容易被患者接受。A. imposed强加，利用；B. tolerated容忍;C. cultivated培养；D. infected感染。根据前文higher treatment completion rates更高的治疗完成率可知，更容易 被患者接受，故选B.【49题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这两种药物结合疗治是通过直接观察的疗法进行的。A. isolated孤立的；B. implemented落实的；C. observed观察的;D. required要求
41、的。根据后 文 That means the patients took their medicine in the presence of a health care worker 可知， 病人当着医护人员的面服药，故选C。【50题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Sterling警告说这份研究中的大多数人都是HIV呈阴性。A. argues争论；B. suggests建议；C. commands要求；D. warns警告。根据后文可知，研究 人员研究的对象没有感染HIV,因而对感染HIV的患者意义不一样，故选D。【51题详解】考杳形容词词义辨析。句意：这个结果可能对HIV呈阳性的患者不同。A.
42、 inevitable无法避 免的：B. negative消极的，阴性的；C. distinct明显的，不同的;D. indirect间接的。根据 后文 A recent study in South Africa indicated that the combination therapy works well in people infected with HIV as well as tuberculosis可知,研究发现，混合疗法对患有HIV和肺结核病 人的效果很好，故选C。【52题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是这个研究样本太小而不能确定。A. definite明确的；B. de
43、sired渴望的；C. logical逻辑的；D. detailed详细的。根据文章可知，样本太小，不够 明显，故选A。【53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Timothy Sterling的研究发表在新英格兰医学杂志上，受到美国 疾病控制和预防中心的支持和认可。A. conducted实施：B. proved证明；C. demonstrated 证明；D. approved 同意，认可。根据后文 The government health agency recommends the 12-dose weekly combination treatment as an equal altern
44、ative to the 270-dose daily treatment plan可知CDC采用了混合疗法，故选D。【54题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：政府医疗机构推荐每周12剂量的混合疗法作为对每天270 剂量的标准疗法的替代性疗法。A. similar相似的；B. unique唯一的；C. standard 标准 的；D. peculiar特殊的。根据文章可知，新疗法是标准疗法的替代性疗法，故选C,【55题详解】考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：因为可能出现安全问题，CDC对HIV呈阳性且正在服 用抗转录病毒药以及孕妇依然推荐日常疗法。A. personal个人的；B. crucial
45、关键的；C. age 年龄：D. safety安全。分析句子可知，此做法是为了安全，故选D。20. My earliest bee experience took place at a summer camp. One day our teacher told us to head up the hill nearby. We all began to race our destination. The girls took the concrete。昆 凝土的）41 , but the boys ran straight up the grassy hill, at the top of w
46、hich sat a long wooden fence. Without 42 the boys ahead of me jumped over the fence bravely.What should I do? Take the stairs and 43 a girl, or jump the fence and look 44? ThenI took my chance with the fence. I placed both 45 on the top and jumped, feeling uneasy.I didnt 46 it. As I tried, my foot 4
47、7 on the top of the fence. Down I went! I landed on my backside. I tried to 48 off the accident, but then I felt something moving 49 me. Just then I saw what seemed like hundreds of bees 50 toward me. I had landed on a beehive（蜂巢）! I 51 up and rushed as fast as I could. But the bees flew faster. Wha
48、t a（n） 52 situation I was in!My clothes were covered with 53 . I parked 54 in the camp and I was at a loss. At this, my teacher quickly took 55 all my clothes but underwear. Bees flew out of my clothes and 56 out of my mouth!I had gained the 57 of all the campers, but I didnt feel cool. I had been 58 almost 40 bees stings（蛰）all over my body. I learned a most 59 lesson that day. When we are led by the 60 to show off, we might find ourselves si