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1、合肥市2020年高三第二次教学质量检测英语试题（考试时间：120分钟满分：150分）试卷采用闭卷、笔试形式。试卷由四个部分组成。其中，第一、二部分和第三部分的第一 节为选择题。第三部分的第二节和第四部分为非选择题。试卷满分150分。考试时间120 分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。注意事项：1 .答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座位号、准考证号、县区和科 类填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。2 .回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。3 .回答非选择题时，必须用0. 5毫米黑色签字
2、笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定 区域内相应的位置，写在本试卷上无效。如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的 答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转 涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下题。每段对话仅读一 遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19. 15.
3、B. 9. 18.C. 9. 15.答案是CoWhat does the man ask the woman to do?A. Do some cleaning.B. Blow up the balloons.C. Throw a birthday party.1. Why did Susan cry?A. She was late for school.【解析】本文是说明文。文章讲述了科学家们利用青蛙的干细胞创造了世界上第一个活着的，能够自 愈的机器人，它不需要食物就可以生存数周。作为生物机器，对人类的健康有好处，更安全。 目前使用它清除海洋中的放射性废物甚至微塑料的研究正在进行中。【8题详
4、解】主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是第一段可知，文章讲述的是：科学家们利用青蛙的干细胞创造 了世界上第一个活着的，能够自愈的机器人，下文对其进行了详细的介绍。故选B。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段中的 “when the scientists cut the living robot almost in half, its cells automatically zippered its body back up. ” 可知，当科学家将活着的机器人 几乎切成两半时，它的细胞会自动向后伸展。结合第一段中提到的“self-healing（自愈）”， 由此可知，划线词意为“自愈”。故选A。【10题详解
5、】细节理解题。根据第三段中的 “As biological machines, xenobots are more environmentally friendly and safer for human health, the study said. ” 可知, 这项 研究说，xenobots机器人作为生物机器，对人类健康更环保，更安全。即xenobots对环境 和人类健康的危害较小。故选C。【11题详解】推理判断题。最后一段中的 “Xenobots have no ability to reproduce or evolve. The superputer which is used to
6、 produce them does use artificial intelligence. But for now, all is fine. ”可知，xenobots机器人没有能力繁殖或进化。用于生产它们的超级计 算机确实使用人工智能。但是目前，一切都很好。即Michael Levin对xenobots机器人的 发展持肯定态度。故选B。DA new study recently found that elephants in central African forests can encourage the growth of slow-growing trees and increas
7、e the ability of the forest to store carbon.“As a tree, there? s a trade-off you can t have it all, “ explained Fabio Berzaghi, who led the study. You either invest in growing fast, or in building a lot of structure with carbon to be more resistant. Elephants prefer to eat fast-growing trees in more
8、 open spaces. As they feed and walk, they cause damage to these species, knocking over trees or breaking off branches, which results in an ecosystem that favors large, slow-growing hardwood trees. As the elephants thin the forest, they increase the number of slow-growing trees and the forest is capa
9、ble of storing more carbon, “ said Stephen Blake, one of the paper? s authors.Scientists collected field measurements in the Congo Basin and used a puter model to predict how elephants would affect forest structure, and carbon storage potential in the long term. The data confirmed that when elephant
10、s are present, the forest contains larger trees and higher abundances of species with high wood density. Conversely （相反土也），should forest elephants go extinct, leaving those slow-growing trees struggling to pete with fast-growing species, it would result in a 7 percent loss of above-ground biomass （生
11、物总量）.As a result, central African forests could lose up to three billion tons of carbon, potentially accelerating climate change.The sad reality is that humans are doing their best to rid the planet of elephants. “This study es at a time when forest elephants are threatened as never before, , said I
12、ain Douglas Hamilton, founder of Save the Elephants. It is shocking that just as we are beginning to understand how elephants might have a key role in Africa in storing carbon, they are under real threat of extinction. ” One limitation of the study, Mr. Berzaghi said, is that we do not know how much
13、 carbon has already been lost because of the elephants decline. But it does seem certain, he added, that putting a stop to illegal hunting and restoring forest elephant populations would bring climate benefits.12. What can we infer about slow-growing trees in Paragraph 2?A. They are elephants favori
14、te food.B. They are easily hurt byelephants.C. They can help forests store carbon.D. They may reduce elephantpopulations.13. What would happen without elephants living in central African forests?A. Climate change would possibly be sped up.B. The forest structure would remain unchanged.C. The forests
15、 would lose more fast-growing trees.D. Larger trees would defeat fast-growing species.14. What did Mr. Berzaghi suggest people do?A. Lead a low-carbon life.B. Evaluate the carbon loss.C. Stop destroying forests.D. Protect forest elephants.15. What is the best title for the text?A. Humans and Nature
16、Live in HarmonyElephants Disappear in Parts of AfricaB. Climate Change Affects Forest StructureElephants Defend Against Climate Change【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. D【解析】本文是说明文。文章讲述了最近的一项新研究发现，非洲中部森林中的大象可以促进生长缓 慢的树木生长，并增加森林的碳储存能力以延缓气候变化的速度。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的 “As the elephants thin the forest, they incr
17、ease the number of slow-growing trees and the forest is capable of storing more carbon” 可知，随着大象使森林不再那么茂盛，它们增加了生长缓慢的树木的数量，并且使森林能够 储存更多的碳。因此可以推断出树木可以帮助森林储存碳。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Conversely, should forest elephants go extinct, leavingthose slow-growing trees struggling to pete with fast-growing spec
18、ies, it would result in a 7 percent loss of above-ground biomass （生物总量）.As a result, central African forests could lose up to three billion tons of carbon, potentially accelerating climate change. n可知,相反地,如果森林象灭绝，那些生长缓慢的树木就 难以与快速生长的物种竞争，这将导致地表上损失7%的生物总量。非洲中部森林可能会释 放出多达30亿吨的碳，这有可能加剧气候变化。即如果没有大象生活在非洲中
19、部森林中， 气候变化可能会加快。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的 “But it does seem certain, he added, that putting a stop to illegal hunting and restoring forest elephant populations would bring climate benefits.可知，但他补充说，停止非法捕猎和恢复森林象的数量似乎确实会给气候带来 好处。即Mr. Berzaghi建议人们保护森林象。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是第一段可知，最近的一项新研究发现，最近的一项新研究发现
20、, 非洲中部森林中的大象可以促进生长缓慢的树木生长，并增加森林的碳储存能力以延缓气候 变化的速度，因此文章的最佳标题是“大象阻止气候变化。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。Will there be an outbreak of bird flu that threatens humans? Many experts disagree on when or whether a human pandemic （大流行病）will occur, but do say there is a chanc
21、e that the virus could mutate（变异），leading to widespread infection. 16 Here? s what you need to know to help keep yourself healthy.Stock up on food, water and household supplies. If there is a bird flu pandemic, you，11 want to minimize your chance of catching it by staying indoors; you might even be
22、required to stay home if the government asks that people remain in quarantine （隔离期）.You d better stock up today on at least 2-week worth of essentials such as water, food, emergency and medical supplies. 17Have an outbreak plan. It may feel odd or unfortable to talk to family members and loved ones
23、about the worst-case pandemic scenario. But if that scenario strikes, you 11 all be much better off if you have a plan decided on and ready. 18 Figure out how you would care for them and what your first response and responsibilities would be; this is an especially important conversation to have with
24、 those with special care needs.19 Things like keeping a balanced diet, exercising regularly and getting sufficient rest can help keep you healthy in an outbreak and also keep you from catching the mon cold. Particularly in a flu outbreak situation, it will be important to wash our hands with soap an
25、d water for at least 20 seconds. Be diligent about covering coughs and sneezes with tissues.Moreover, know your essential health information such as blood type, allergies, and past or current medical conditions. Make a list of that essential informationfor all the members of your family. 20 And do m
26、ake sure everyone in your possibility.household knows wheretofind it.A.Work out regularlytostay slim.B.Pick up the habitsofhealthy behavior.C.It is wise to keepitsomewhere safe and visible.D.It s important toaskyourself these questions before a pandemic occurs.E.Talk with your friendsand family abou
27、t how you d respond to an epidemic.F.In that case, the bestthing you can do right now is to prepare for thatG. That will help you get through an extended time at home if an outbreak happens.【答案】16. F 17. G 18. E 19. B 20. C【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。许多专家对于何时或是否会发生流感大流行病持不同意见，但专家一致表示 病毒有可能发生变异并导致人们广泛的感染。文章介绍了人们需
28、要了解的保持健康的知识。【16题详解】考查段中句。根据空前 “Many experts disagree on when or whether a human pandemic （大 流行病）will occur, but do say there is a chance that the virus could mutate （变 异），leading to widespread infection.（许多专家对于意何时或是否会发生大流行病持不 同意见，但专家一致表示病毒有可能发生变异并导致人们广泛的感染）”和空后“Here s what you need to know to help k
29、eep yourself healthy.（这里是你需要了解的帮助自己 保持健康的知识）”可知，F项（在这种情况下，你现在可以做的最好的事情就是为这种可 能性做准备）能够承接上文并且与下文连接通顺。该选项中的that possibility指的是前 一句中的“病毒有可能发生变异并导致人们广泛的感染”。故选F项。【17题详解】考查段尾句。根据空前You d better stock up today on at least 2-week worth of essentials such as water, food, emergency and medical supplies.（你最好今天就储
30、存 至少两周的必需品，例如水，食物，应急物资和医疗用品）”可知，G项（如果流感爆发， 这将帮助你在家度过较长的时间）能够承接上文。该选项中的that指的是前一句的做法。 故选G项。【18题详解】考查段中句。根据空前 “But if that scenario strikes, you 11 all be much better off if you have a plan decided on and ready.（但是，如果发生这种情况，如果你已制定计 划并准备就绪，那么你的处境就会好很多）”和空后uFigure out how you would care for them and wha
31、t your first response and responsibilities would be; this is an especially important conversation to have with those with special care needs.（弄 清楚你将如何照顾他们以及你的第一反应和责任是什么，这是与有特殊护理需求的人进行的 特别重要的对话）”可知，E项（与你的朋友和家人谈论你如何应对流行病）能够承接上文 并且与下文连接通顺。空格后的内容是对该选项的具体解释。故选E项。【19题详解】考查段首句。根据空后 Things like keeping a ba
32、lanced diet, exercising regularly and getting sufficient rest can help keep you healthy in an outbreak and also keep you from catching the mon cold.（保持均衡饮食，规律运动和充足休息等事情可以帮助你在流 感暴发中保持健康，也可以预防普通感冒）”可知，B项（养成健康行为习惯）能够与下文 连接通顺。空格后的内容是对该选项的具体举例。故选B项。20题详解】考查段中句。根据空前 “Make a list of that essential informat
33、ion for all the members of your family.（列出所有家庭成员的基本信息）和空后And do make sure everyone in your household knows where to find it.（并确保你家中的每个人都知道在哪里可以找到 它）”可知，C项（将其放置在安全可见的地方是明智的）能够承接上文并且与下文连接通 顺。该选项中的第二个it指的是前一句的list。故选C项。【点睛】七选五的解题技巧之一是根据上下文词汇来锁定线索。即：要关注空格处前后的内 容，然后在选项中查找它们的近义词、反义词、同义词、同类词等，看是否有同词复现，代 词的
34、指代等。在本文中，第1小题：F选项中的that possibility指的是前一句中的“病 毒有可能发生变异并导致人们广泛的感染”；第2小题：G选项中的that指的是前一句的 做法；第5小题：C选项中的第二个it指的是前一句的list。第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题L 5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Anxiety is a weight that I have always carried. Once, in my first grade, I had
35、to read a book to the whole class. With 21, I walked up to the front slowly.I hadn? t 22 it to the second page when the tears started. I tried to 23 , but my teacher s glare kept me rooted to the seat. Since then the front of the classroom has stayed a major 24 of stress for me.Later, I was 25 a bad
36、 situation. I was consumed with 26 whenever I prepared for a presentation. I 27 got sleepless, worrying about the quality. I simp 1 y 28 the reality until the last minute. When a teacher 29 a project, I also got nervous, but not for the same 30 as my classmates. They fearedthe hard work, while I was
37、 terrified of walking to the front to 31.It was funny that one single emotion 32 a plete disaster for me.It doesn t sound so 33 because everyone gets nervous and public speaking is the number one fear! 34, social anxiety isn t just a fear of public speaking. For someone, taking a test or making a de
38、cision to quit a group can 35 anxiety. For me, anxiety is being 36 of trying newthings because if I don t know what to expect, I might make a fool of myself, which is worse than a 37 life, at least in the moment.My family s love saved me. After accepting that this is just me, I didn t 38, And I also
39、 made some friends in my class. Now, I raise my hand, even when I lack 39 in my answer. And I participate in class, even if it isin a more 40 manner than others. And what matters is that I m now improving little by little.21. A. happiness B. confusionC. unwillingness D.surprise25. A. curious about B
40、. sensitive to22.A.madeB.pushedC.countedD.got23.A.stopB.leaveC.smileD.repeat24.A.sourceB.lossc.signD.effectC. careful withD. stuckin26. A. angerB.guiltC. anxietyD.regret27. A. yetB.againC. stillD.even28. A. changedB.ignoredC. confirmedD.remembered29. A. finishedB.announcedC. financedD.cancelled30. A
41、. feelingB.moodC. anxietyD.excitement31. A. whisperB.danceC. presentD.reply32. A. held backB.put offC. broke downD.turnedout33. A. awfulB.familiarC. practicalD.natural34. A. ThereforeB.MoreoverC. HoweverD.Otherwise35. A. reduceB.causeC. handleD.remove36. A. fondB.awareC. proudD.scared37. A. boringB.
42、successfulC. busyD.private38. A. show offB.give upC. get alongD.set out39. A. assistanceB.interestC. experienceD.confidence40. A. professionalB.aggressiveC. reservedD.consistent【答案】21. C 22. A23. B 24. A25. D 26. C 27. D28. B29.B 30. A 31. C32.D 33. A34. C 35. B 36. D37. A38.B 39. D 40. C【解析】 【分析】本文
43、是记叙文。文章讲述了作者面对同学时会感到焦虑，不喜欢在人群面前展示自己，但在 家人的关爱下，作者在慢慢地改变着自己。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不情愿地慢慢走到了前面。A. happiness幸福；B. confusion 困惑；C.unwillingness不情愿;D. surprise吃惊。焦虑一直是我”的负担，“我”慢 慢地走向前面，这说明了 “我”的不情愿。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析 句意：我还没有读到第二页时眼泪就留下来了。A. made制作；B. pushed推；C. counted计算；D. got得到。make it to sth.“做成某事”。主句表示
44、“还没读到 第二页。故选A。23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我试图离开，但老师的目光使我无法做到。A. stop停止；B.leave 离开；C. smile微笑；D.repeat重复。老师的目光不让自己离开座位，由but表示转折可 知，选择leave合乎语境。故选B。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，教室的前面一直是我的主要压力来源。A. source 来源；B. loss失去；C. sign标志；D. effect影响。“我”的读书展示让自己很不适应, 因此教室的前面成为压力的来源。故选A。25题详解】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：后来，我陷入了困境。A. curious ab
45、out对好奇；B. sensitive to 对敏感；C. careful with 对小心；D. stuck in 陷入/卡在。下文提到不管什么时候做展示“我”都会感到焦虑，因此“我”陷入了一个不好的处境。故 选Do【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每当准备演讲时，我都会感到焦虑不安。A. anger愤怒；B. guilt 内疚，有罪；C.anxiety焦虑；D. regret后悔。文章 主题关键词是“anxiety （焦虑）”， 这是一直都困扰作者的问题。故选C。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我甚至无法入睡，担心演讲的质量。A. yet然而；B. again再 次；C. sti
46、ll仍然；D. even甚至。“我”担心做不好演讲，“甚至”都睡不着觉，看得出 “我”的焦虑之重。故选D。28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到最后一刻，我才能不管现实情况如何。A. changed改变；B. ignored忽略；C. confirmed确认；D. remembered记得。“我”的焦虑很严重，直到 最后一刻才能放下，不去想现实情况。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当老师宣布一个计划时，我也很紧张，但和我的同学的感觉并不 一样。A. finished 结束；B. announced 宣布;C. financed 为提供资金；D. cancelled取消。“我”不
47、喜欢做展示，老师宣布展示计划，会让“我”紧张。故选B。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当老师宣布一个计划时，我也很紧张，但和我的同学的感觉并不 一样。A .feeling 感觉；B. mood 心情；C. anxiety 焦虑；D. excitement 激动。由下一句 可知，同学们的害怕和“我”的害怕是不一样的感受。故选A。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们害怕艰难的准备工作，而我却害怕走到前面来展示。A. whisper耳语；B. dance舞蹈；C. present呈现，展示；D. reply回复。走到教室前面对 着同学要进行的是展示。由第6小题的分析可知，“我”在同学面前做展示时会感到焦虑， presentation是提示词。故选Co【32题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：对我来说一种感受变成一场彻底的灾难，这很滑稽。A. held back 忍住；B. put off推迟;C. broke down抛锚；D. turned out结果是。由上文可知,我 的焦虑越来越严重，选择turn out表示焦虑变得严重的这个过程。故选D。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：听起来并不那么可怕，因为每个人都会感到紧张，公开演讲是 每个人的头号恐惧。A. awful可怕的；B.fa