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1、2020年高考英语词汇解题妙招专题07名词转化为动词（原卷版）众所周知，名词是英语词汇中比例最大的词，掌握了名词就解决了词汇的大多数。本节将介绍词汇转 换法：不添加任何成分，不改变词形，把一个词由一种词类转用为另一种词类的方法叫转化法。有时意思不 变有时意思有变化。如：以下词语均选自高考真题。button （n.钮扣）一 to button （v.扣钮扣）native （adj .本地的）一 native （n.本地人）其主要形式有以下几种，我将在练习题中详细讲解。今天讲的是名词转化为动词。根据下划线词在句中所作句子成分，判断其词性及其意义。1. What are the speakers t
2、alking about?A. What to drink.B. Where to meet.C. When to leave. （2019年普通高等校招生全国统一考试（全国卷I）【答案】vi.离开，出发；【解析】原本是n.许可，同意；休假。在此转化为动词。构成疑问词When+不定式to leave做介词about 的宾语。2 .What has Kates mother decided to do?A. Return to school.B. Change her job.C. Retire from work. （2019年普通高等校招生全国统一考试（全国卷I）【答案】v.改变，转变，（使
3、）不同；（使）变换；替代，更换；交换；【解析】原本是n.变化，改变；替代物；换洗衣物；零钱，硬币；换乘；全新体验；新月相的出现。 复数changeso在此转化为动词。构成省略to的不定式短语做decide的宾语.3 .What did Kates mother study at college?A. Oil painting.B. Art history.C. Business administration. （2019年普通高等校招生全国统一考试（全国卷I）【答案】vt.习；考虑；攻读；细察【解析】原本是n.习，研究；课题；书房；问。复数studieso在此转化为动词作谓语。4 .Why d
4、oes the man seldom do exercise?A. He lacks motivation.B. He has a heart problem.C. He works all the time.（2019年普通高等校招生全国统一考试（全国卷I）【答案】vi.工作；运作；起作用【解析】原本是n.工作；产品；操作；职业；行为；事业；工厂；著作；文、音乐或艺术作品。在此 转化为动词作谓语。5 .How much time will the man probably spend exercising weekly?A. 300 minutes.B. 150 minute.C. 75 m
5、inutes. （2019 年普通高等校招生全国统一考试（全国卷I）【答案】vi.运动；练习【解析】原本是n.运动；练习；运用；操练；礼拜；典礼。在此转化为动词，构成现在分词做伴随状 语。6 . What did the scientists do to the road?A. They r叩aired it.B. They painted it.C. They blocked it （2019 年普通高等校招生全国统一考试（全国卷I）【答案】V.油漆；给刷上（液体）；【解析】原本是n.油漆；颜料；（非正式）化妆；三秒区；（尤指模拟真画效果的）绘画功能；在此 转化为动词作谓语。7 . What
6、 did the scientists do to the road?A. They repaired it.B. They painted it.C. They blocked it （2019 年普通高等校招生全国统一考试（全国卷I）【答案】vt.阻止；阻塞；限制；【解析】原本是n.块；街区；大厦；障碍物。在此转化为动词作谓语。8 .The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. （2019 年普通高等校招生全国统一考试（全国卷I）【答案】vt
7、.提供；出价；试图【解析】原本是n.提议；出价；意图；录取通知书。在此转化为动词作谓语。9 .The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. （2019 年普通高等校招生全国统一考试（全国卷I）【答案】vt.帮助；促进；【解析】原本是n.帮助；补救方法；帮助者；有益的东西。在此转化为动词构成不定式短语做状语。10 .The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program. （20
8、19 年普通高等校招生全国统一考试（全国卷I）【答案】V.必须，需要；（表示应该或不得不做）有必要。【解析】原本是n.需要，必须；特别需要，迫切要求；欲望；（食物、钱或生活的）短缺，缺乏； 必需品；贫困（或困难）的处境。在此转化为动词作谓语入1 l.Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year ro
9、und. （2019 年普通高等校招生全国统一考试 （全国卷I）【答案】vt.开始；启动【解析】原本是n.开始；起点。在此转化为动词构成省略to的不定式短语和build skills, find a job 一 块做to help的宾语补语。12 . Summer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start andjun their own summer businesses. （2019年普通高等校招生全国统一考试（全国卷I）【答案】vt.管理，经营
10、；运行；【解析】原本是n.奔跑；赛跑；趋向；奔跑的路程。在此转化为动词和前面的to start一起做目的状语。13 .What is special about Summer Company?A. It requires no training before employment.B. It provides awards for running new businesses.C. It allows one to work in the natural environment.D. It offers more summer job opportunities. （2019年普通高等校招生全
11、国统一考试（全国卷I）【答案】V.培养；训练；瞄准【解析】原本是n.火车；行列；长队；裙裾。在此转化为动词构成动名词作requires的宾语。14.22.nBeing liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage, he said. （2019年普通高等校招生全国统一考试（全国卷I）【答案】vt.获得；增加；赚到【解析】原本是n.增加；利润；收获。在此转化为动词构成省略t。的不定式短语做help的宾语补语。15
12、.To make sure you get enough Vitamin D - but still protect your skin - put on sunscreen right as you head outside. （2019年普通高等校招生全国统一考试（全国卷I）【答案】vi.前进；出发；船驶往【解析】原本是n.头；头痛；上端；最前的局部；理解力。在此转化为动词构成从句的谓语。小试牛刀：请找出以下句中的合成名词，说明构成的类型并指出单词意思及句子意义。1 .Which program favois the disabled?A. Jobs for Youth.B. Summer
13、 Company.C. Stewardship Youth Ranger Program.D. Summer Employment Opportunities.（2019年普通高等校招生全国统一考试（全国卷I）.It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us.（2019年普通高等校招生全国统一考试（全国卷I）3 .His teacher, Thomas Whaley, is next to him, whi
14、spering support. H .Vote for .me . H （2019 年普通高等 校招生全国统一考试（全国卷I）.Whaley recalls （回想起）how at the beginning of the year, when called upon to read, Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.（2019年普通高等校招生全国统一考试（全国卷I）. What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. （2019 年普通高等校招生全国统一
15、考试（全国卷I）. He wants these kids to learn to boast （夸耀）about themselves. （2019 年普通高等校招生全国统一考 试（全国卷I）4 . In one study, Dr. Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring the least liked, the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys （调查研究）.（2019 年普通高等校招 生全
16、国统一考试（全国卷I）. What made Chris nervous?A. Telling a story.B. Making a speech.C. Taking a test.D. Answering a question.（2019年普通高等校招生全国统一考试（全国卷I）.This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence （节奏）with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. （2019年普通高等校招生全国统一考试（全国卷I）5 .The keyboa
17、rd could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a users typing and the time between key presses. （2019年普通高等校招生全国统一考试（全国卷I）. Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently. （2019 年普通高等校招生全国统一考试（全 国卷I）6 .Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed, Dr. Prinstei
18、n studies show unpleasant consequences. （2019年普通高等校招生全国统一考试（全国卷I）7 .Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very low error rates. (2019年普通高等校招生全国统一考试(全国卷I).The team hopes to make it to market in the near future. (2019 年普通高等校招生全国统
19、一考试(全国卷 I)8 . Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard?A. To reduce pressure on keys.B. To improve accuracy in typingC. To replace the password system.D. To cut the cost of e-space protection.(2019年普通高等校招生全国统一考试(全国卷I). What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard?A. Ifll be environm
20、ent-friendly.B. Itll reach consumers soon.C Itll be made of plastics.D Itll help speed up typing.(2019年普通高等校招生全国统一考试(全国卷I)17.1 enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status. (2019 年普通高等 校招生全国统一考试(全国卷I)18.They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself.(2019年普通高等校招生全国统一考试(全国卷I)