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1、英语长难句英语长难句分析理解分析理解Review英语五大基本句式主语谓语主语谓语宾语主语系动词表语主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语主语谓语宾语宾语补足语句子的主干高考阅读理解、完型填空和语法填空经常出现结构复杂的长难句，影响考生对语篇文段的理解。另外，新高考在作文评分标准中把“尽力使用较复杂语法结构”视为是否得高分的标准之一。因此，学会分析长难句显得格外重要。一个句子之所以成为长难句，就是因为句子各部分成分和结构复杂，具体说就是句中出现了复杂主语、复杂宾语、复杂修饰语来充当定语、状语、或同位语。常见修饰语：作定语的_、作状语的_、_、_和从句。长难句的基本特征形容词形容词副词副词非谓语动词短语非谓语动
2、词短语三长两短介词短语介词短语While I tend to buy a lot of books,these three were given to me as gifts,which might add to the meaning I attach to them.例1these three were given to me例2There was a man sick in bed,his wife,who took care of him and could not go out to work,and their little boy.长难句的基本特征由and,or,not only
3、.but(also),both.and.,as well as,either.or.,neither.nor.等连接的并列成分或平行结构，也能使句子变长。破解长难句：三长两短括起来，并列连词标出来。例3Not only did he sell popcorn,but he also added cream and salt to the popcorn to make it taste better.长难句的基本特征主谓之间被介词短语、同位语、定语从句或非谓语动词分隔。e.g.My friend,Mia,won first prize in the competition.My friend,
4、who I met in university,won first prize in the competition.练习1Psychologist Susan Levine,an expert on mathematics development in young children at the University of Chicago,found children who play with puzzles between age 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills.练习2The researchers analyzed video r
5、ecordings of 53 child-parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age.八省联考长难句B篇 P2 L6But one question has been on my mind a lot lately:is it better to buy new eco-fri
6、endly products or used traditionally produced goods?B篇 P3 L5The secondary footprint is a measure of the indirect CO2 emissions from the whole lifecycle of products we use-those related to their production and breakdown.二级碳足迹测量的是我们使用的产品在整个生命周期内的间接二氧化碳排放量，这些二氧化碳排放与产品的生产和分解有关。B篇 P4 L7The main concern h
7、ere is the amount of energy that goes into the making of new products and whether or not that extra carbon is worth the footprint the product will make once it gets to you.这里主要关心的问题是新产品制造过程中所消耗的能源数量以及所产生的额外的碳与你收到产品后在使用过程中所产生的碳足迹相比是否值得。C篇 P2 L5The magician must keep people from noticing all the movem
8、ents of his hands and from thinking about the secret parts of his equipment.He must also lead the audience to draw false conclusion.魔术师必须不让人们注意到他双手的所有动作，也不让人们去想他装备的秘密部分。他还必须误导观众得出错误结论。C篇 P2 L5The magicians success depends on the fact that many things seen by the eye are not the things that matter.魔术
9、师的成功取决于这样一个事实：许多亲眼所见的东西并不是真正重要的东西。Jennifer Vonk,of Oakland University,in Michigan,and Michael Beran,from Georgia State University,set three American black bears the task of distinguishing between numerically larger and smaller groups of dots(点点)on a computer screen.D篇 P2 L1密歇根州奥克兰大学的Jennifer Vonk和乔治
10、亚州立大学的Michael Beran给三只美国黑熊设定了一项任务，即在电脑屏幕上区分数字上较大和较小的点组。D篇 P3 L1As the researchers report in Animal Behavior,the bears did best with patterns where the coloured dots did not move and where more of them also took up larger coloured area.正如研究人员在动物行为学杂志上所报道的那样,当彩色点不移动,而且彩色点越多(的组)占据大的彩色区域时,熊的表现最好。Exercis
11、es21期阅读C篇Thirteen people in their 20s who slept 30%less than they needed for 10 nights had not fully recovered most of their cognitive processing after seven nights of unrestricted sleep to recover.有13名20多岁的人连续10个晚上的睡眠时间比所需时间少30%，但在经过7个晚上的不受限制的睡眠后，他们的大部分认知处理能力并没有完全恢复。who slept 30%less thanthey neede
12、dfor 10 nightsmost of their cognitive processingafter seven nights of unrestricted sleep to recover.in their 20s21期阅读C篇The CDC calls that a public health problem,because disrupted sleep is associated with a higher risk of conditions including high blood pressure,weakened immune performance,weight ga
13、in,depression,and a higher risk of diabetes,stroke,and some cancers.美国疾病控制与预防中心称这是一个公共健康问题，因为睡眠中断与高血压、免疫功能减弱、体重增加、抑郁等疾病的高风险有关，还与糖尿病、中风和某些癌症的高风险有关。becausedisrupted sleep is associated with a higher riskofconditionsand ahigher risk21期阅读D篇Several researchers in the lab of Susan Whitehead,an assistant p
14、rofessor of biological sciences in the College of Science,have been studying the spread of seed to understand how chemicals impact interactions between fruits and the animals that eat them.科学学院(College of Science)生物科学助理教授苏珊怀特黑德(Susan Whitehead)的实验室里，有几名研究人员一直在研究种子的传播，以了解化学物质如何影响水果和吃水果的动物之间的相互作用。in t
15、he lab of Susan Whiteheadto understand how chemicals impact interactions between fruits and the animals thateat them.21期阅读D篇To draw potential seed spreaders,plants use chemicals termed secondary metabolites,which give fruits their distinct smell and color and may also serve as essential nutrients fo
16、r animals.为了吸引潜在的种子传播者，植物利用被称为次生代谢物的化学物质，赋予果实独特的气味和颜色，也可能是动物必需的营养物质。To draw potential seed spreaderstermed secondary metabolites whichgive fruits their distinct smell and color and mayalso serve as essential nutrients for animals.21期语法填空Instead,it uses a huge network of users connected by the Internet to keep track of all the Bitcoin that was ever made _ how it has been exchanged.相反，它使用一个由互联网连接的巨大用户网络来跟踪所有的比特币，_它是如何交换的。connectedby the Internetto keep track of all the Bitcoin thatwas ever madehow it has been exchanged.