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1、我们常将字母分类 英语的 26 个字母分两种类型：一种叫元音字母，另一种叫辅音字母。元音字母 有：a，e，i，o，u 五个，其余为辅音字母。即：元音字母A A a ei、E E e i：、I I i ai、O O o au、U U u(j)u：辅音字母 Hh、Jj、Kk、Bb、Cc、Dd、Gg、Pp、Tt、Vv、Yy、Qq、Ww、e Ff、Ll Mm、Nn、Ss、Xx、Zz、a：Rr详细发音表：元音字母的发音规则元音字母的发音规则元音元音字母字母a a位置位置重读开音节重读开音节重读闭音节重读闭音节非重读音节非重读音节读音读音eiei i:i:在在ww之后之后sk,ss,st,th,ch,f,
2、ncsk,ss,st,th,ch,f,nc之前之前特殊情况特殊情况e e重读开音节重读开音节重读闭音节重读闭音节非重读音节非重读音节 a:a:eei:i:ee iiI(y)I(y)重读开音节重读开音节重读闭音节重读闭音节y y 在重读音节中在重读音节中y y 在非重读音节中在非重读音节中nb,ld,mbnb,ld,mb 前前非重读音节中非重读音节中在下列单词中读作在下列单词中读作o o重读开音节重读开音节重读闭音节重读闭音节n,m,v,thn,m,v,th前前在以在以 ld,st,thld,st,th 结尾的一结尾的一些词中些词中非重读音节非重读音节在下列单词中读在下列单词中读u u重读开音节
3、重读开音节aiaiiiaiaiiiaiai i:i:uu uu u:u:ju:ju:cake base escape planecake base escape planefat trap flat exactly rapid damfat trap flat exactly rapid damagain camera vacation vegetableagain camera vacation vegetablecomrade village couragecomrade village couragewant wash what wanderwant wash what wanderma
4、ster ask task class glass father path after branch advancemaster ask task class glass father path after branch advanceany many anything anybodyany many anything anybodybe these she evilbe these she evilnet press gently accept levelnet press gently accept levelsilence problem open childrensilence pro
5、blem open childreneffect select develop beforeeffect select develop beforeripe alive wine arrive beside polite life smile surpriseripe alive wine arrive beside polite life smile surprisequiz sick dish sing dig film miss winter picture difficltquiz sick dish sing dig film miss winter picture difficlt
6、cycle sky shy whycycle sky shy whycity copy empty every healthycity copy empty every healthymind kind blind find child climbmind kind blind find child climbterrible horrible possibleterrible horrible possiblepolice magazine machine techniquepolice magazine machine techniquestone note programmed prog
7、ress motor lonely smoke no jokestone note programmed progress motor lonely smoke no jokecopy boss cloth fond long knock across common bombcopy boss cloth fond long knock across common bombton done come some love cover mother another otherton done come some love cover mother another otherhold fold to
8、ld most almost bothhold fold told most almost bothofficial position society freedomofficial position society freedommove prove lose whose tomb shoe do removemove prove lose whose tomb shoe do removeuse duty computer reduce rescue tube Tuesdayuse duty computer reduce rescue tube Tuesdaytrueu:trueu:wo
9、manuwomanuwomen iwomen igiveigiveiliveiliveipyramidipyramidi例词例词例外例外havehave vase a:vase a:water:water:重读闭音节重读闭音节 uucup lunch bus hubcup lunch bus hubput pull push full bulletput pull push full bulletuntil supply unless industryuntil supply unless industryblue rule ruler June July rudeblue rule rule
10、r June July rude例词例词mark carve article party market March farm hardmark carve article party market March farm hardwarm warn reward warwarm warn reward wargrammargrammarservice certain serveservice certain serveworker farmer teacherworker farmer teacherform important corner horseform important corner
11、 horsework word world worthwork word world worthmirror doctor forbid forgetmirror doctor forbid forgetchurch Thursday nurse turn returnchurch Thursday nurse turn returnsurprise surround murmursurprise surround murmurthirsty dirty first girlthirsty dirty first girlpiece thief field chiefpiece thief f
12、ield chieflie tie dielie tie diewire inspire hire tirewire inspire hire tireright fight night high bright lightright fight night high bright lighttailor remain grain sail praise raise braintailor remain grain sail praise raise braincaptaincaptaincertaincertaincausecausewalk ball all talkwalk ball al
13、l talkalways almost already althoughalways almost already althoughdraw dawn sawdraw dawn sawfair affair hair upstairsfair affair hair upstairsdare glare share compare carefuldare glare share compare carefultaught caught daughter naughtytaught caught daughter naughtydelay play say way todaydelay play
14、 say way todaySunday MondaySunday Mondayaunt a:aunt a:half a:half a:alms a:alms a:area:area:laugha:flaugha:fsays esays edietaidietaiquietaiquietaisaid esaid e非重读音节非重读音节在开音节中，在辅音字在开音节中，在辅音字母母 l,r,jl,r,j后后元音字母元音字母组合组合arar重读重读在在 WW 后后非重读非重读erer重读重读非重读非重读oror重读重读在在 WW 后后非重读非重读urur重读重读非重读非重读ir iri iie ie
15、重读重读ireireighighai ai重读音节重读音节非重读音节非重读音节auaual alawawairairareareaughaughayay重读音节重读音节非重读音节非重读音节u uureure重读音节重读音节位置位置 u:u:读音读音a:a:i:i:aiaiaiaiaiaieieiii:l:l:eeee:eieiiiuubusy ibusy iburyeburyeminuteiminutei例外例外sure surelysure surely非重读音节非重读音节e eeaea特殊特殊eeeeearearei eiewew在在ll，rr后后ereereeyey重读音节重读音节非重读
16、音节非重读音节eigheigho ooaoaoi oioyoyoooo在其他字母前在其他字母前在在 k k，d d 前前:i:i:eeeieiiii:i:ii:eeiiju:ju:u:u:eeeieiiieieiuuiiiiu:u:uupleasurepleasurerepeat leaf lead peace disease creamrepeat leaf lead peace disease creamsweater thread headache heavy breakfastsweater thread headache heavy breakfastgreat greatly br
17、eakgreat greatly breakreal idea theatrereal idea theatresleep freely weed steel degreesleep freely weed steel degreeappear clear near hear dear earappear clear near hear dear earheard learn earn early searchheard learn earn early searchwear bear swear pearwear bear swear pearreceive seize ceilingrec
18、eive seize ceilingfew new newsfew new newsblew flew threw drewblew flew threw drewthere wherethere wheregrey hey obeygrey hey obeymonkey donkeymonkey donkeyweight eight eightyweight eight eightyloaf road soap coat boatloaf road soap coat boatvoice noise point choicevoice noise point choicetoy boy jo
19、y joyfultoy boy joy joyfulroof choose school shootroof choose school shoottook look cook stood wood goodtook look cook stood wood goodwooluwoolufootufootufoodu:foodu:flood flood blood blood poorupoorushoulderushoulderusoulusoulubroad:broad:abroad:abroad:here ihere ikey i:key i:sewusewuheart a:heart
20、a:ooroorouou:auau u:u:uu:floor doorfloor doorpound rouse mountain trousers ground thousandpound rouse mountain trousers ground thousandcouple cousin double country touch troublecouple cousin double country touch troubleroute group routine souproute group routine soupcould should wouldcould should wo
21、uldfought bought brought thoughtfought bought brought thoughtoughoughthoughuthoughuplough auplough aucough fcough fthroughu:throughu:thoroughthoroughenough fenough fknowledgeknowledgeowowauaudown brown flowerdown brown flower辅音字母辅音字母b b位置位置uu读音读音bowl sow window row owner low show throw growbowl sow
22、window row owner low show throw grow辅音字母发音规则辅音字母发音规则例词例词tomb climb doubttomb climb doubtbed bob bigbed bob bigcentre city decide bicycle concert rice percentcentre city decide bicycle concert rice percentsocial especial ancientsocial especial ancientcave comfort color class cause capital castcave co
23、mfort color class cause capital castgift girl goal glad glassgift girl goal glad glasslarge general orange pagelarge general orange pagesign foreignsign foreignhold heat hide hate hugehold heat hide hate hugehonest hour honor foreheadhonest hour honor foreheadwalk key kitewalk key kiteknowknowsend s
24、avesend savevisit desire musicvisit desire musicpastpasthusband salesgirlhusband salesgirlsure sugar Russia Asiasure sugar Russia Asiapleasure usually occasion televisionpleasure usually occasion televisioncorner nine nice linecorner nine nice lineanxious think thank finger bankanxious think thank f
25、inger bankstrangestrange n nbasebase s sgaragegarage getget g g例外例外在在 mm 后或在后或在 t t 之前之前不发音不发音其他情况其他情况b bs sk kg gd d不发音不发音h h不发音不发音k k不发音不发音s sz zs sz zn nc c在在 e,i,ye,i,y 前前在在 ia,ie,ioia,ie,io 前前在在 a,o,u,la,o,u,l 前在音节前在音节末末g g在其他字母前在其他字母前在在 e,i,ye,i,y 前前在以在以 n n 结尾的词中结尾的词中h h一般情况一般情况在个别词中在个别词中k k一
26、般情况一般情况在在 n n 前前s s词首词首在元音字母和元音在元音字母和元音字母之间字母之间在词中清辅音前在词中清辅音前在词中浊辅音前在词中浊辅音前在元音字母在元音字母 u,iu,i 前前在在 u,ionu,ion 前前n n在其他字母前在其他字母前在字母在字母 k,x,gk,x,g 前前x x在其他字母前在其他字母前在元音字母前在元音字母前ksksexcept exhibition extract textexcept exhibition extract textgzgzexam example exist exactlyexam example exist exactly辅音字母组合发
27、音规则辅音字母组合发音规则读音读音t tk kt t e e例词例词channel choose check chalk changechannel choose check chalk changechemistry Christmas headache schoolchemistry Christmas headache schoolmachine moustachemachine moustachematch patch snatchmatch patch snatchthink thank thing worththink thank thing worthwith although
28、those thiswith although those this辅音字母组合辅音字母组合chch位置位置例外例外sandwichsandwich d dtchtchththququphphckckknknngngwrwrwhwh在其他字母前在其他字母前在字母在字母 o o 前前kwkwf fk kn nr rw wh hn ntntnn n读音读音s sz ztstsdzdzizizquiz question quick quitequiz question quick quitetelephone physics phrasetelephone physics phrasepackage
29、 pick quick backpackage pick quick backknife know knowledge knockknife know knowledge knocksomething sing thingsomething sing thingwrong wretch wrapwrong wretch wrapwheel wheat whisper whistle white whywheel wheat whisper whistle white whywhole whose who whomwhole whose who whomeducation station dir
30、ection situationeducation station direction situationsuggestion questionsuggestion questiondecision conclusiondecision conclusion单词附加词尾的读音规则单词附加词尾的读音规则tiontion在词尾在词尾在字母在字母 s s 后后sionsion词尾词尾(e)s(e)s位置位置例词例词desks makes lamps looksdesks makes lamps lookspigs radios playspigs radios playsstudents paren
31、tsstudents parentsreads bedsreads bedswashes boxes buses guesses taxes pages teaches houseswashes boxes buses guesses taxes pages teaches houses清辅音后清辅音后浊辅音或元音后浊辅音或元音后t t后后d d后后esess sz zd dt t后后eded清辅音后清辅音后浊辅音或元音后浊辅音或元音后t td d后后t td dididwashed walked asked missed jumpedwashed walked asked missed ju
32、mpedrecognized called answered played copiedrecognized called answered played copiedwanted trusted landed neededwanted trusted landed needed一、元音字母在中的a在开音节中ei name plane Jane baby cake在闭音节中 ae bag dad hat map black backe在开音节中 i:he these me Chinese在闭音节中 e bed let pen desk yes eggi在中 ai bike fly drive
33、time nice kite在闭音节中 i fish big drink sit milk swimo在中 eu those close go hoe home no在闭音节中 clock not box shop socku在开音节中 ju:student excuse duty Tuesday在闭音节中 bus cup jump much lunch在开音节中,u 在 j l r s 后面时读u:音,例如:June blue ruler super二、字母在非中的读音ae China another woman breakfasti orange courage village cabba
34、geee hundred student open weekend childreni chicken pocket beginIe/i holiday beautiful family animalai exercise satelliteoe second tonight somebody welcomeeu also zero photoue autumn difficultju:popular congratulation January动词中的 a 如果处在开音节位置,a 读ei音,例如:operateu 处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母 j l r s 后面时,读u(:)音,例如:Ju
35、ly influence Februaryissue三、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音a 在w音后面 want what watch wash qualitya 在 f n sk ph sp ss st th 前 a:after plant graph ask grasp glass fast fatheri 在-nd-ld 和 gh 前 ai find child light higho 在-st-ld 前 eu most postcard old coldo 在 m n v th 前 come monkey love mother四、-r 音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音ar a:car f
36、arm dark sharpener在w音后面:warm quarter towardsor:forty morning short在w音后面:word worker worseer ir ur:certainly bird Thursday开音节和闭音节的区别1）音节按读音可以分为和又可以分为绝对和(1)绝对开音节：是指一个后面没有辅音而构成的音节，例如：we,hi,yo-yo(2)：是指一个后面有一个辅音(除 r)之外，最后是一个不发音的 e 字母构成的音节，如:take,make在开音节中，这个发“字母”本身音，例如 hi|hai|,use|ju:z|：指后面有(r 除外)构成的音节，如
37、：leg,cross2）音节按重读可以分为和非：指在或多音节词中有一个发音特别响亮的音节，叫重读音节，用符号“”标于相应位置，其他音节为非重读音节，如 begin|begin|，词作重读处理，但不标符号.“”“”的定义是根据单词的拼写形式来定义的，不一定科学准确，确非常实用。以不发音的 e 结尾的单词是；以元音结尾的单词是。反之以辅音结尾的单词是。给一个单词注音标的时候，首先判断是还是。然后在单词里找元音。是开音节的，元音发它字母本身的音。是闭音节的，发它规定的音。（词尾是e 的，e 一般不发音。两个 e 除外。如：see）。反之由音标写单词也是一样，根据它的读音规则写出相应的单词。不规则单词
38、除外英语单词是由字母组成的，而字母又构，音节的核心是元音，由一个或几个代表。根据单词所含的音节，把单词分为词、和多音节词。怎样区分多音节单词的音节办法只有一个：那就是看一个单词的读音中有多少个。有多少个就有多少个音节。单词音节的个数是单词读音时的个数所决定的。但有一点需要交待一下，这里讲的规律并没有把单词包含在内。成节音lmn在一些单词词尾音节中充当元音与相邻辅音也能构。音节划分可分下列几种情况：1在两个音节的相邻处有两个（组合ch，ck，sh，th 等以及 r 除外），一般一个属前一音节，一个属后面音节。前面的按闭音节的规则读音，例：let-ter，Eng-lish，ap-ple。注：如果两
39、个相同的在一起并用时，只发一个辅音字母的音，如上例。2在两个音节的相邻处只有一个辅音字母时，一般这个辅音字母属后一音节，例：stu-dent，lo-tus。3在两个音节相邻处有两个r 时，一个r 属前一音节，一个r 属后一音节，前面的元音节按闭音节读音，例：sor-ry，mar-ry，mir-ro。4 相邻音节是+r+其它辅音字母时，+r 属于前面的，可按的规则读音，例：fur-ther,circle。5相邻的音节是元音字母+r+其它元音字母时，r 属于前面的（有时 r 也可属于后面的音节），按的规则读音，例：fu-ry，dur-ing，ser-ious。6有字母组合的单词划分音节时，将字母组合划在一个音节内，千万不要将字母组合分隔开，例：neigh-bour，plea-sure，fea-ture。7 辅音字母 l，m，n 等也可构成非重读音节，如 ap-ple，bot-tle，noo-dle，o-ften等。以上所讲正是：每个音节一元音，并连辅音两边分，还有一点需注音，字母组合不能分，缺少元音无音节，不算几个成节音。