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1、 生产工艺技术生产工艺技术 无损检测无损检测工艺规程液体渗透工艺规程液体渗透NJBSTCo.,Ltd.QCD-015Rev.:0Page:2of8Title:PROCEDUREFORLIQUIDPENETRANTEXAMINATIONTitle:PROCEDUREFORLIQUIDPENETRANTEXAMINATIONDEMONSTRATIONCERTIFICATIONThisistocertifythatthisprocedurehasbeendemonstratedonaThisistocertifythatthisprocedurehasbeendemonstratedonatests
2、pecimenwithknowndefectstothesatisfactionoftheAuthorizedtestspecimenwithknowndefectstothesatisfactionoftheAuthorizedInspectoraccordingtoASMECodeSectionV,T-150asrequiredbytheSectioInspectoraccordingtoASMECodeSectionV,T-150asrequiredbytheSection nDiv.1,Appendix8.Div.1,Appendix8.TestSpecimenNo.:Demo.Rep
3、ortNo.:NDELevel:AI:NJBSTCo.,Ltd.QCD-015Rev.:0Page:3of8Title:PROCEDUREFORLIQUIDPENETRANTEXAMINATIONTitle:PROCEDUREFORLIQUIDPENETRANTEXAMINATION1.General1.1ThisprocedureisappliedtodyeliquidpenetrantexaminationofmetalmaterialandweldmentforASMECodeitems.1概述11 本规程适用于 ASME 规范产品金属材料和焊件着色液体渗透检验。1 2 本规程仅适用于探
4、测材料或焊件表1.2Thisprocedureisonlysuitablefordetectingthedefectsthatareopentothesurfaceofmaterialorweldment.1.3ThisprocedureshallbedemonstratedtothesatisfactionoftheAIpriortoimplementation.2.Personnel面开口类缺陷。13 本规程在执行之前，须演示至 AI满意。2人员2.1 从事液体渗透检验的人员必须是根据南京定色钛业有限公司(资料号：QCD-011)进行考试和资格任命的合格人员。2.1Thepersonnel
5、engagedinthepenetrantexaminationshallbequalifiedandcertifiedinaccordancewiththerequirementofNJBSTCo.,Ltd.s“WrittenPracticeforNDEPersonnelTrainingExaminati3.渗透材料on,QualificationandCertification”(No.:QCD-011).3.PenetrantMaterials3.1Thepenetrantmaterialsisintendedtoincludeallpenetrants,solventsorcleani
6、ngagents,developers,etc,usedintheexaminationprocess.3.1 渗透材料包括检验过程中使用的所有渗透剂、溶剂或清洗剂、显像剂等。3.2 液体渗透探伤材料，必须是指定的和推荐的，见表 3.2。检验使用的材料必须是同一类型的。不允许用不同类型的或不同制造厂的渗透材料混合使用3.2Theliquidpenetrantexaminationmaterialsshallbede表 3.2signatedandremended,asshowninTable3.2.Thematerialsusedforexaminationshallbethesametype
7、.Intermixingofpenetrantmaterialsfromdifferentfamiliesordifferentmanufacturersisnotpermitted.Table3.2ManufacturerMaterialModelShanghaiPenetrantHD-RS(ShipBrand)DeveloperHD-XSCleaningAgentHD-BX3.3Whenexaminingausteniticstainlesssteelortitanium,allmaterialsshallbeanalyzedindividuallyforchlorinean3.3 当检验
8、奥氏体不锈钢或钛材时，必须根据 ASME 规范第卷 T-641(b)中的程序，对所有材料分别分析氯和氟的含量。残留氯和氟总含量不得超过残留物重量的 1%，必须有制造厂相应的合格证。3.4当检查镍基合金时，必须按照ASME规范第卷 T-641(a)中的程序，对所有材料分别分析硫含量。硫含量不得超过残留物重量的 1%。必须有制造厂相应的合格证。dfluorinecontentinaccordancewiththeprocedureshowninT-641(b)ofASMECodeSectionV.Thetotalchlorineplusfluorinecontentshallnotexceed1%
9、oftheresiduebyweight.Thecertificateofpliancefrommanufacturershallbeobtained.Precleaning and Drying3.4Whenexaminingnickelbasealloys,allmaterialsshallb预清洗，干燥eanalyzedindividuallyforsulphurcontentinaccordancewiththeprocedureshowninT-641(a)ofSectionV.ThesulCleaningphurcontentshallnotexceed1%oftheresidue
10、byweight.清洁Thecertificateofpliancefrommanufacturershallbeobtained.NJBSTCo.,Ltd.Development and Inspection显像、检验Page:4of8QCD-015Rev.:0Title:PROCEDUREFORLIQUIDPENETRANTEXAMINATION4.ExaminationProcedure4.1ExaminationFlowChartasshowninFig.4.1.Post Cleaning4.检验程序后清洗4.1 检验程序流程图见图4.1图 4.14.2 表面制备所有渗透检验前，被检工
11、件表面及其附近至少为1英寸(25.4mm)的区域内都应干燥清洗Fig.4.14.2SurfacePreparationPriortoallpenetrantexamination,thesurfacetobeexaminedandalladjacentareaswithinatleast1in.(25.干净，不得有任何脏物、纤维屑、氧化皮、4mm)shallbedryandfreeofdirt,grease,lint,scale,weldingflux,weldspatter，paint，焊剂、油和其它外来物。必要时，应对表面进行打磨或机加工。4.3 预清洗4.3.1 在施加渗透剂之前，被检区
12、域及其附近至少为1英寸(25.4mm)的区域内均需用清洁剂进行清洗。oilandotherextraneousmatter.Ifnecessary,surfaceshallbepreparedbygrindingormachining.4.3Precleaning4.3.1Theareastobeexaminedandadjacentareaswit4.3.2 清洗后，通过适当的方法(自然挥发或人工通风)，对被检表面进行干燥；最少干燥的hinatleast1in.(25.4mm)shallbecleanedusingclean时间以保证在施加渗透剂之前清洁剂已完全ingagentbeforet
13、hepenetrantisapplied.4.3.2Aftercleaning,dryingofthesurfacetobeexaminedshallbeacplishedbynormalevaporationorwithforcedair,asappropriate.Theminimumdryingtimeshallensurethatthecleaningsolutionhasevaporatedpriortoapplicationofthepenetrant.4.4PenetrantApplication4.4.1Thepenetrantmaybeappliedonthesurface挥
14、发为界。4.4 施加渗透剂4.4.1 可以用浸渍、涂刷或喷涂等任一合适的方法，在被检工件MaterialFormDwell Times(min)Penetrant DeveloperNJBSTCo.,Ltd.QCD-015Rev.:0Page:5of8Aluminum,magn-Castings&welds57Title:PROCEDUREFORLIQUIDPENETRANTEXAMINATIONesium.steel,brassor bronze,titaniumWrought material-ofworkpiecestobeexaminedbyanysuitablemeanssuchas
15、表面施加渗透剂。and high temperature extrusions,forgings,1074.4.2 在整个检验期间，渗透剂和被alloysplatedipping,brushingorspraying.检表面的温度不得低于4.4.2Thetemperatureofthepenetrantandthesurfacetobeexaminedshallnotbebelow500F(100C)norabove1250F(520C)throughouttheexaminationperiod.Whenitisnotpracticaltoconductaliquidpenetrantexa
16、minationwithinabovetemperaturerange,theexaminationprocedureattheproposedlowerorhighertemperaturerangeshallbequalifiedusingaquenchcrackedaluminumblockaccordingtoASMECodeSectionV,T-653.4.4.3Penetrationtimeiscritical.TheminimumdwelltimeisshowninTable4.4.3.Forsuitabletemperature,theareabeingexaminedshal
17、lremainwettedbythepenetrantforthedwelltime.500F(100C)，不得高于 1250F(520C)。当在上述温度范围内不能满足时，则按照 ASME 规范第 V 卷T-653，对提议采用的温度范围，使用有淬火裂纹的铝试块进行验证。4.4.3 严格控制渗透时间，最小滞留时间见表 4.4.3。适当的温度条件下，在滞留时间内，被检区域必须用渗透剂保持潮湿。表 4.4.3 推荐的最少滞留时间4.5 多余渗透剂的清除多余渗透剂必须用布或吸纸擦去，剩Table4.4.3Remendedminimumdwelltimes4.5ExcessPenetrantRemova
18、lExcesssolventremovablepenetrantshallberemovedbywipingwithaclothorabsorbentpaper.Theremainingtracesshallberemovedbylightlywipingthesurfacewithaclothora下的痕迹必须用蘸有溶剂的布或纸在表面轻轻地擦去。为了防止清洗过分，禁止用溶剂清洗表面。4.6 施加显像剂4.6.1 多余的渗透剂被清除且工件干燥后，必须尽快地施加显像剂。显像bsorbentpapermoistenedwithsolvent.Toavoidoverremo剂施加之前，工件表面可以自
19、然挥发ving,flushingthesurfacewithsolventshallbeprohibited.4.6DeveloperApplication4.6.1Thedevelopershallbeappliedassoonaspossibleafterexcesspenetrantremovalanddryingsurface.Thesurfacemaybedriedbynormalevaporationbeforethedeveloperisapplied.Thedryingtimeshallbewithin5to20min.4.6.2Thedevelopershallbeappli
20、edbyspraying.Auniformt干燥，干燥时间必须在 5-20 分钟以内。4.6.2 施加显像剂必须采用喷涂法，薄且均匀，涂层厚度适中。4.6.3 在施加湿型显像剂至工件表面之前，显像剂必须充分搅拌。4.6.4 禁用非水湿显像剂浸渍或灌洗工件，因非水湿显像剂会通过溶解作hincoatingshallbeprovidedandthecoatingthicknessshall用将缺陷中的渗透剂溶解掉。besuitable.4.6.3Priortoapplyingwetdevelopertothesurface,thedevelopermustbethoroughlyagitated.4
21、.6.4Dippingorfloodingthepartwithnon-aqueousdeveloperisprohibited,sinceitwilldissolvethepenetrantinthediscontinuitiesthroughitssolventaction.4.7Interpretation4.7.1DevelopingtimeforfinalinterpretationbeginsNJBSTCo.,Ltd.QCD-015Rev.:0Page:6of84.7 判断4.7.1 最终判断显像时间应从施加Title:PROCEDUREFORLIQUIDPENETRANTEXAM
22、INATIONassoonasawetdevelopercoatingisdry.Theminimumdevelopingtimeshallbe7min.干显像剂后或从湿显像剂涂层干燥后立即起算，不得少于 7 分钟。4.7.2Finalinterpretationshallbemadewithin7to60minaftertherequirementsofPara.4.7.1aresatisfied.4.7.3Thedevelopingtracecanbeexaminedeitherbynaturallightorartificiallight.Aminumumlightintensityof
23、50fc(500Lx)isrequiredtoensureadequatesensitivityduringtheexaminationandevaluationofindications.4.7.4Thesurfaceshallbedividedintoseveralpartstobeex4.7.2 在满足 4.7.1 要求后，最终判断必须在 7-60 分钟内作出。4.7.3 显像痕迹可以通过自然光或人工白光进行检验，要求最小灯光强度为50fc(500LX)，以保证在检验和评价显示过程中有充分的灵敏度。4.7.4 如果受检表面太大，无法在规定时间内完成检验，则应将表面分成几aminedift
24、hesurfaceissolargethattheexaminationcanno个部进行检验。显像情况可以用肉眼tbefinishedwithinthegiventime.Thedevelopingconditioncanbeobservedeitherbyeyesorbymeansofamagnifier.4.8Post-cleaningThepenetrantmaterialsshallbeclearlyremovedawayfro或放大镜进行观察。4.8 后清洗检验后，必须完全清除工件上的渗透材料，如果残余渗透材料在操作过程中与其它材料混合后会导致腐蚀，则必须进行后清洗。可以采用如用水
25、冲mpartsafterexamination.Thepostcleaningmustbeperfo洗、机械清洁、溶剂浸泡等适当的清rmedifremainingpenetrantmaterialscanresultincorrosionbythebinationwithothermaterialsduringtheoperation.Thesuitablecleaningprocessshallbeadoptedforpostcleaningsuchasflushingwithwater,mechanicalcleaning,solventsoaking,etc.洁工作，来进行后清洗。如果需
26、要后清洗，则检验后必须尽快进行，以免显像剂凝固在工件上。5.显示评价5.1 大面积颜料沉淀会掩盖缺陷显示，是不合格的，这些区域应清洗干净并重新检验。Thedevelopershallbecleanedassoonaspossibleafterexa5.2 明显的机械性不连续为其显现特minationifthepartrequeststhepostcleaningsoastoavoiditcondensedonthepart.5.EvaluationofIndications5.1Broadareasofpigmentationwhichcouldmaskindicationsofdiscont
27、inuitiesareunacceptableandsuchareassha征，只有在显示主要尺寸大于1/16 英寸(1.6mm)时，才是缺陷显示。5.3 线性缺陷是指长度大于三倍宽度的缺陷。面形缺陷是指长度小于 3 倍宽度的圆形或椭圆形缺陷。llbecleanedandreexamined.5.4 任何有疑问或难以判断的显示，必5.2Anindicationistheevidenceofamechanicalimperfecti须重新检验以确认是否是缺陷显示，on.Onlyindicationswithmajordimensionsgreaterthan1/16in(1.6mm)shallb
28、econsideredrelevant.5.3Linearindicationsarethoseindicationsinwhichthelengthismorethanthreetimesthewidth.Roundedindication重新检验前可先作表面修整。5.5 缺陷显示可能大于缺陷本身，但是以显示的尺寸作为合格与否的依据。6.合格标准下列缺陷显示为不合格：sareindicationswhicharecircularorellipsoidalwiththelena.任一裂纹或相应的线性缺陷;gthlessthanthreetimesthewidth.b.大于 3/16 英寸（4.
29、8mm）的面形缺5.4Anyquestionableordoubtfulindicationsshallbereexa陷；minedtodeterminewhetherornottheyarerelevant.Surfaceconditioningmayproceedbeforethereexamination.5.5Theindicationofadiscontinuitymaybelargerthanthediscontinuitythatcausesit;however,thesizeoftheindicationisthebasisofacceptanceorrejection.6.A
30、cceptanceStandardsThefollowingrelevantindicationsareunacceptable:a.anycracksorrelevantlinearindications;c.一条直线上有4个或4个以上的面形缺陷，其边界到边界间距离等于或小于 1/16 英寸(1.6mm)b.relevantroundedindicationsgreaterthan3/16in.(4.8mm);c.fourormorerelevantroundedindicationsinalineseparatedby1/16in.(1.6mm)orless(edgetoedge);NJB
31、STCo.,Ltd.QCD-015Rev.:0Page:7of8Title:PROCEDUREFORLIQUIDPENETRANTEXAMINATION7.Therepairedareashallbereexaminedaccordingtotheoriginalexaminationprocedure.8.Report7.返修区应按原 PT 探伤工艺重新探伤。8.报告液体渗透检验报告必须包括检验条件、Theliquidpenetrantexaminationreportshallincludeexaminationcondition,usedpenetrantmaterialandasket
32、chofpartsexaminedandexaminationresults.Thereportshallbepreparedbytheoperator,reviewedbytheNDELevelIIorIII,andapprovedbytheLevelIIIpriortosubmissiontotheAIforacceptance.9.Reportform，seePage8of8.使用的渗透材料、被检部件草图和检验结果；此报告由操作员编制，由 NDEII级或 III 级人员审核，并在提交给 AI 确认之前由 NDEIII 级人员批准。9.报告形式见第 8 页。感感谢谢阅阅读读多年企业管理咨询经验，专注为企业和个人提供精品管理方案，企业诊断方案，制度参考模板等欢迎您下载，均可自由编辑